炉前揭盖机的改造研究
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摘要
高炉在出铁期间散发的烟尘是钢铁厂对大气的主要污染源之一,为了减少对大气的污染,改善工人的操作环境,出铁场的除尘越来越受到重视。
梅钢炼铁厂3号高炉选用5T液压揭盖机,专为铁沟除尘盖板起吊、安放使用。投产后,由于揭盖机的性能不理想等原因而废弃不用,炉前主沟不能封盖,造成出铁时的严重污染状况。对出铁时铁沟维护工作的安全性及炉前工的身体健康很不利,宝钢集团梅钢有限公司炼铁厂对其高炉炉前出铁场除尘提出整改的要求。本文在分析了梅钢3号高炉揭盖机现状及其常见问题基础上,结合工厂的实际情况,探讨该炉前揭盖机的改造课题。
原揭盖机采用液压马达驱动,高温环境下密封性能下降,极易泄漏,甚至发生喷油故障。揭盖机工作时有极大的惯性,液压马达定位刹车困难,曾造成现场事故。原系统采用两级调速,满足不了揭盖机的使用要求。
本文立足保留原揭盖机主体结构与功能,对揭盖机系统做适应性的改进。结合工厂的实际情况和现有的技术水平,采用了液压缸—曲柄机构替代液压马达驱动方案,并对揭盖机其他相关零部件作适应性调整。
论文针对揭盖机存在的问题以及改造的可能方案,探讨专家系统思维,构建本课题数学空间模型,力求科学的研究思路。设计了曲柄机构,并求解出曲柄系统的传递函数,应用MATLAB软件进行速度与加速度运动数值解析。对液压系统进行了全面改进设计,在液压缸方面,除进行液压缸常规工程设计外,还进行了传递函数求解和动态特性分析。论文研究对进一步更好的控制揭盖机的运动特性提供了理论依据。
本课题的研究,完成了梅钢3号高炉揭盖机的改造设计并现场实施,达到了预期研究效果。解决了长期以来困扰工厂实际生产的问题,不仅使得工厂的维修成本大大减少,而且使铁水出炉时的污染降到了最低程度,保证了厂区的环保指标。论文研究工作对揭盖机相关技术研究具有一定的理论和工程实际参考价值。
The dust in iron blast furnace during outflow of hot metal on the steel plant is the main source of pollution of the atmosphere, in order to reduce air pollution and improve the operating environment of workers, removing dust has been gaining attention at Ironworks.
No.3 blast furnace of MeiShan Ironworks use 5T hydraulic manipulator, for lifting the iron dust cover, the use of placement. After being put into operation, because of the open-such as the reasons for poor performance and disused, the front ditch was not blocks, caused a serious pollution. It's bad for the safety of the ditch Maintenance and the worker's healthy, thus BaoSteel Group Co. Ltd. MeiShan Ironworks ordered removing dust of casthouse field should be Technological Transformed. Based on the analysis of the No.3 blast furnace manipulator status and common problem on the basis of the actual situation of the factory, we discuss the transforming of the manipulator
The original manipulator used hydraulic motor-driven, the sealing performance decline at high-temperature environment, it is highly leakage, or even injection. Manipulator have great inertia, positioning the hydraulic motor brake difficult, has even caused the accident scene. The system uses two governors, failed to suit the use of manipulator requirements.
In this paper, based on the original reservations of the main open-structure and function of the open-machine system,it was improved to suit Working conditions with the actual situation and the level of existing technology, used hydraulic cylinder-crank mechanism alternative hydraulic motor driver, and other related machine components for adaptation.
The thesis aims at the manipulator's existent problem and the possible project of reformation, Inquiry into expert system thinking, set up this topic mathematics space model, try hard for the scientific research way of thinking.Designed crank organization, and solve a crank system to deliver function, apply MATLAB software to carry on speed and acceleration numerical analysis. The hydraulic system has been completely revamped design, in the hydraulic cylinder, in addition to conventional hydraulic cylinder engineering designing, the transfer function has also been carried out for the dynamic state characteristics analysis. Thesis research for further better controlled the movement characteristic of the machine provides theories basis.
The research of this topic, completed the Manipulator reformation design of MeiShan NO.3 blast furnace, and implementation of the scene achieved the expected research results. Solved the long-troubled factory actual production problems, not only made the factory maintenance costs greatly reduced, but also make the pollution for iron water coming out decline to lowest degree, promised the environmental protection index sign of factory area. Thesis research work covered certain worthy theoretical and practical engineering reference to Manipulator related technique research.
梅钢炼铁厂3号高炉选用5T液压揭盖机,专为铁沟除尘盖板起吊、安放使用。投产后,由于揭盖机的性能不理想等原因而废弃不用,炉前主沟不能封盖,造成出铁时的严重污染状况。对出铁时铁沟维护工作的安全性及炉前工的身体健康很不利,宝钢集团梅钢有限公司炼铁厂对其高炉炉前出铁场除尘提出整改的要求。本文在分析了梅钢3号高炉揭盖机现状及其常见问题基础上,结合工厂的实际情况,探讨该炉前揭盖机的改造课题。
原揭盖机采用液压马达驱动,高温环境下密封性能下降,极易泄漏,甚至发生喷油故障。揭盖机工作时有极大的惯性,液压马达定位刹车困难,曾造成现场事故。原系统采用两级调速,满足不了揭盖机的使用要求。
本文立足保留原揭盖机主体结构与功能,对揭盖机系统做适应性的改进。结合工厂的实际情况和现有的技术水平,采用了液压缸—曲柄机构替代液压马达驱动方案,并对揭盖机其他相关零部件作适应性调整。
论文针对揭盖机存在的问题以及改造的可能方案,探讨专家系统思维,构建本课题数学空间模型,力求科学的研究思路。设计了曲柄机构,并求解出曲柄系统的传递函数,应用MATLAB软件进行速度与加速度运动数值解析。对液压系统进行了全面改进设计,在液压缸方面,除进行液压缸常规工程设计外,还进行了传递函数求解和动态特性分析。论文研究对进一步更好的控制揭盖机的运动特性提供了理论依据。
本课题的研究,完成了梅钢3号高炉揭盖机的改造设计并现场实施,达到了预期研究效果。解决了长期以来困扰工厂实际生产的问题,不仅使得工厂的维修成本大大减少,而且使铁水出炉时的污染降到了最低程度,保证了厂区的环保指标。论文研究工作对揭盖机相关技术研究具有一定的理论和工程实际参考价值。
The dust in iron blast furnace during outflow of hot metal on the steel plant is the main source of pollution of the atmosphere, in order to reduce air pollution and improve the operating environment of workers, removing dust has been gaining attention at Ironworks.
No.3 blast furnace of MeiShan Ironworks use 5T hydraulic manipulator, for lifting the iron dust cover, the use of placement. After being put into operation, because of the open-such as the reasons for poor performance and disused, the front ditch was not blocks, caused a serious pollution. It's bad for the safety of the ditch Maintenance and the worker's healthy, thus BaoSteel Group Co. Ltd. MeiShan Ironworks ordered removing dust of casthouse field should be Technological Transformed. Based on the analysis of the No.3 blast furnace manipulator status and common problem on the basis of the actual situation of the factory, we discuss the transforming of the manipulator
The original manipulator used hydraulic motor-driven, the sealing performance decline at high-temperature environment, it is highly leakage, or even injection. Manipulator have great inertia, positioning the hydraulic motor brake difficult, has even caused the accident scene. The system uses two governors, failed to suit the use of manipulator requirements.
In this paper, based on the original reservations of the main open-structure and function of the open-machine system,it was improved to suit Working conditions with the actual situation and the level of existing technology, used hydraulic cylinder-crank mechanism alternative hydraulic motor driver, and other related machine components for adaptation.
The thesis aims at the manipulator's existent problem and the possible project of reformation, Inquiry into expert system thinking, set up this topic mathematics space model, try hard for the scientific research way of thinking.Designed crank organization, and solve a crank system to deliver function, apply MATLAB software to carry on speed and acceleration numerical analysis. The hydraulic system has been completely revamped design, in the hydraulic cylinder, in addition to conventional hydraulic cylinder engineering designing, the transfer function has also been carried out for the dynamic state characteristics analysis. Thesis research for further better controlled the movement characteristic of the machine provides theories basis.
The research of this topic, completed the Manipulator reformation design of MeiShan NO.3 blast furnace, and implementation of the scene achieved the expected research results. Solved the long-troubled factory actual production problems, not only made the factory maintenance costs greatly reduced, but also make the pollution for iron water coming out decline to lowest degree, promised the environmental protection index sign of factory area. Thesis research work covered certain worthy theoretical and practical engineering reference to Manipulator related technique research.
引文
1.张汇川,首钢高炉出铁场除尘技术综述.Technical Summary of Dust Removal for Shougang Blast Furnace Casthouse,(首钢设计院,北京100043)
2.刘谭景.武钢3200 m3高炉出铁场设计[J].炼铁.2006,25(3)：19-22
3.胡利英,高金矿,安钢2200m3高炉清洁生产实践
4.刘谭憬,武钢3200高炉出铁场设计,Casthouse design of 3 200 m3 BF in WISCO,(中冶南方工程技术有限公司)
5.张键.Q2TXD-1型揭盖机拖车的研制[J].铁道车辆.2004,42(6)：13-16
6.周龙义.大高炉炉前设备配置探讨[J].炼铁.2000,19(5)：22-25
7.卢开成等.梅山2号高炉大喷吹实践[J].天津冶金.2006,(6)：12-13,42
8.陶中明.高炉炉身冷却设备与强化冶炼[J].梅山科技.2005年炼铁增刊：10-12
9.方桂花.液压传动[M].北京：地震出版社,2002
10.沈继红等.数学建模[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1996
11.王划一,杨西侠,林家恒.现代控制理论基础[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2004
12. Analysis on the Reasons for Floating Axis Fracture of the Traversing Mechanism of the Manipulator
13.谢录臬.揭盖机机架设单轨轨道梁施工技术[J].现代城市轨道交通.2005(2)：24-25,50
14.隗金文,王慧.液压传动[M].沈阳：东北大学出版社,2001
15.曹惟庆等.连杆机构的分析与综合[M].北京：科学出版社,2002
16.洛克著,孔建益译.机械原理分析综合优化[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003
17.成大先。机械设计手册单行本—液压传动[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
18.张明照等.应用MATLAB实现信号分析和处理[M].北京：科学出版社,2006
19.马文星.液力传动理论与设计[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
20.韩曾晋.现代控制理论和应用[M].北京：北京出版社,1987
21.杨启帆,方道元.数学建模[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,1999
22.李训经等.控制理论基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002
23.吴建明.1号高炉上料控制系统的改造[J].梅山科技,2005年增刊：57-60
24.董广正.3号高炉长寿与强化冶炼的实践[J].梅山科技,2005年炼铁增刊：13-15
25.王万元.3号高炉炉身综合维护技术的应用[J].梅山科技.2006,(3)：7-8,14
26.周龙义,宝钢2号高炉揭盖机选型探讨Discussion on Selection of Cover Manipulator For No.2 BF at Baosteel<<宝钢技术>>2001年03期
27.梁均梅.揭盖机走行机构浮动轴断裂原因浅析[J].冶金设备.2003,(1)：49-50,17
28.李秀云,于希波,李成章.离心式逆止托辊的设计[J].煤矿机械.2006,27(4)
29.倪立.梅山2号高炉快速达产的生产实践[J].梅山科技.2005年炼铁增刊：1-3
30.周莉英,李家新.梅山3号高炉1250m3铁水硅含量在线预报[J].江苏冶金.2001,(2)：18-21
31.陶中明.梅山3号高炉炉身冷却设备维护[J].炼铁.2006,25(3)：46-48
32.潘志生.内燃式热风炉全高炉煤气的高风温生产实践[J].梅山科技.2006,(2)：13-15
33.王虎山,孙卫国,樊真,张振振,周合军.拼装式揭盖机应用于内爬塔机拆卸[J].建设机械技术与管理.2002,(7)：37-38
34.陶仁政.气动微震压造型机的起模工装[J].机械工人(热加工).2001,(6)：17-18
35.高磊阀控缸压力冲击产生机理及抑制措施的研究[D].沈阳：东北大学,2005
36.吴浩杰.梅山高强韧性管线钢开发研究和实践[D].沈阳：东北大学,2005
37.刘波.液压缸缓冲结构和缓冲过程的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004
38.王兰.液压缸计算机辅助设计系统研究[D].秦皇岛：燕山大学,2001
39.黄志刚梁广,大型高炉出铁口烟尘捕集方式综述
40.刘纪元,唐钢2560高炉出铁场除尘设计,DESIGN OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION FOR BLAST FURNACE CASTHOUSE OF TANGSHAN IRON AND STEEL COMPANY,唐钢设计院
41.胡学毅,首钢2#高炉出铁场除尘技术历次改造的剖析,ANALYSES OF REFORMS OF DEDUSTING TECHNOLOGY OF CASTHOUSE FOR NO.2 BLAST FURNACE OF CAPITAL IRON AND STEEL COMPANY(首钢设计院,北京100043)
42.郭润洲,刘俊祥,凌钢1号、2号高炉出铁场除尘工程,Practice on Dust Removal for the Tap of Blast Furnace No.l and No.2 of Lingyuan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,<<工业安全与环保>>2005年11期
43.黄明,周天武,马钢二铁一号高炉晚期生产实践,Production practice of No.1 late blast furnace in No.2 ironmaking plant Maanshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd.<<马钢职工大学学报>>2003年01期
44.翟兴忠,贾振栋,胡利英,林丽娟,安钢高炉出铁场除尘工程实践
45. Practice of Dust Removal Outside Blast Furnace in Anyang Iron and Steel Company
46.<<工业安全与环保>>2003年11期
47. CLEANER PRODUCTION OF THE 2200M3 BLAST FURNACE IN ANYANG IRON & STEEL GROUP
48.<<河南冶金>>2006年04期
49.张智勇,崔朝贤,刘永民,安钢推行清洁生产的几点措施,Several Methods for the Implementation of Cleaning Production in Anyang Iron and Steel Group
50.<<工业安全与环保>>2003年12期
51. 梁均梅,揭盖机走行机构浮动轴断裂原因浅析
52.<<冶金设备>>2003年01期
53.Probe the USMARC Cataloging of Document with Parellel Title,<<冶金信息导刊>>2001年05期
54. LUO Dan-mei Discussion on Cataloging Method for CD Type Electronic Publications,<<农业图书情报学刊>>2006年03期
55. LIU Hong-xia, FENG Yi-ming Discussion on Writing First Sentence of High-quality English Abstract for Scientific and Technical Literatures
56.<<农业图书情报学刊>>2005年10期
57. YANG Chao How to Write or Translate Titles and Abstracts for Sci-tech P apers
58.<<火工品>>2000年02期
2.刘谭景.武钢3200 m3高炉出铁场设计[J].炼铁.2006,25(3)：19-22
3.胡利英,高金矿,安钢2200m3高炉清洁生产实践
4.刘谭憬,武钢3200高炉出铁场设计,Casthouse design of 3 200 m3 BF in WISCO,(中冶南方工程技术有限公司)
5.张键.Q2TXD-1型揭盖机拖车的研制[J].铁道车辆.2004,42(6)：13-16
6.周龙义.大高炉炉前设备配置探讨[J].炼铁.2000,19(5)：22-25
7.卢开成等.梅山2号高炉大喷吹实践[J].天津冶金.2006,(6)：12-13,42
8.陶中明.高炉炉身冷却设备与强化冶炼[J].梅山科技.2005年炼铁增刊：10-12
9.方桂花.液压传动[M].北京：地震出版社,2002
10.沈继红等.数学建模[M].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1996
11.王划一,杨西侠,林家恒.现代控制理论基础[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2004
12. Analysis on the Reasons for Floating Axis Fracture of the Traversing Mechanism of the Manipulator
13.谢录臬.揭盖机机架设单轨轨道梁施工技术[J].现代城市轨道交通.2005(2)：24-25,50
14.隗金文,王慧.液压传动[M].沈阳：东北大学出版社,2001
15.曹惟庆等.连杆机构的分析与综合[M].北京：科学出版社,2002
16.洛克著,孔建益译.机械原理分析综合优化[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003
17.成大先。机械设计手册单行本—液压传动[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
18.张明照等.应用MATLAB实现信号分析和处理[M].北京：科学出版社,2006
19.马文星.液力传动理论与设计[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2004
20.韩曾晋.现代控制理论和应用[M].北京：北京出版社,1987
21.杨启帆,方道元.数学建模[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,1999
22.李训经等.控制理论基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2002
23.吴建明.1号高炉上料控制系统的改造[J].梅山科技,2005年增刊：57-60
24.董广正.3号高炉长寿与强化冶炼的实践[J].梅山科技,2005年炼铁增刊：13-15
25.王万元.3号高炉炉身综合维护技术的应用[J].梅山科技.2006,(3)：7-8,14
26.周龙义,宝钢2号高炉揭盖机选型探讨Discussion on Selection of Cover Manipulator For No.2 BF at Baosteel<<宝钢技术>>2001年03期
27.梁均梅.揭盖机走行机构浮动轴断裂原因浅析[J].冶金设备.2003,(1)：49-50,17
28.李秀云,于希波,李成章.离心式逆止托辊的设计[J].煤矿机械.2006,27(4)
29.倪立.梅山2号高炉快速达产的生产实践[J].梅山科技.2005年炼铁增刊：1-3
30.周莉英,李家新.梅山3号高炉1250m3铁水硅含量在线预报[J].江苏冶金.2001,(2)：18-21
31.陶中明.梅山3号高炉炉身冷却设备维护[J].炼铁.2006,25(3)：46-48
32.潘志生.内燃式热风炉全高炉煤气的高风温生产实践[J].梅山科技.2006,(2)：13-15
33.王虎山,孙卫国,樊真,张振振,周合军.拼装式揭盖机应用于内爬塔机拆卸[J].建设机械技术与管理.2002,(7)：37-38
34.陶仁政.气动微震压造型机的起模工装[J].机械工人(热加工).2001,(6)：17-18
35.高磊阀控缸压力冲击产生机理及抑制措施的研究[D].沈阳：东北大学,2005
36.吴浩杰.梅山高强韧性管线钢开发研究和实践[D].沈阳：东北大学,2005
37.刘波.液压缸缓冲结构和缓冲过程的研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2004
38.王兰.液压缸计算机辅助设计系统研究[D].秦皇岛：燕山大学,2001
39.黄志刚梁广,大型高炉出铁口烟尘捕集方式综述
40.刘纪元,唐钢2560高炉出铁场除尘设计,DESIGN OF ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION FOR BLAST FURNACE CASTHOUSE OF TANGSHAN IRON AND STEEL COMPANY,唐钢设计院
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46.<<工业安全与环保>>2003年11期
47. CLEANER PRODUCTION OF THE 2200M3 BLAST FURNACE IN ANYANG IRON & STEEL GROUP
48.<<河南冶金>>2006年04期
49.张智勇,崔朝贤,刘永民,安钢推行清洁生产的几点措施,Several Methods for the Implementation of Cleaning Production in Anyang Iron and Steel Group
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51. 梁均梅,揭盖机走行机构浮动轴断裂原因浅析
52.<<冶金设备>>2003年01期
53.Probe the USMARC Cataloging of Document with Parellel Title,<<冶金信息导刊>>2001年05期
54. LUO Dan-mei Discussion on Cataloging Method for CD Type Electronic Publications,<<农业图书情报学刊>>2006年03期
55. LIU Hong-xia, FENG Yi-ming Discussion on Writing First Sentence of High-quality English Abstract for Scientific and Technical Literatures
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57. YANG Chao How to Write or Translate Titles and Abstracts for Sci-tech P apers
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