单螺杆泵螺杆—衬套副型线研究
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摘要
螺杆泵举升技术发展的时间不长,经过理论研究和实践探索,在举升机理理论分析和配套技术方面取得了一定的进展,但是这种新型的水力机械的特点和潜力还远未被充分认识和利用,还有许多深层次理论问题有待解决,这些问题严重制约了单螺杆泵在采油方面优势的发挥,阻碍了对螺杆泵应用潜力进一步的挖掘。同时,油田开发的实际需要,对螺杆泵举升又提出新的更高的要求。只有对螺杆泵进行深入的应用基础理论研究,才能从根本上解决这些问题。
本文主要研究单螺杆泵截面型线,从研究内摆线型单螺杆泵骨线及其等距曲线的形成原理入手,对内摆线型单螺杆泵的等距曲线进行运动分析。重点分析、比较了普通内摆线型单螺杆泵固定接触点在定子等距线转折点和定子内凸中点处接触角的变化,探讨了接触角的大小对螺杆泵使用寿命的影响。
研究了内摆线型单螺杆泵转子与定子截面型线的啮合原理,探讨了内摆线型单螺杆泵啮合运动与内摆线骨线形成运动之间的关系,分析了单螺杆泵的固定接触点、流动接触点的运动规律,推导出内摆线型单螺杆泵固定接触点相对滑动速度、流动接触点相对滑动速度的计算公式。研究了变幅系数对螺杆-衬套副型线的影响,结果表明:变幅系数大,则等距曲线容易打扣,导致转折点处磨损很快;而变幅系数小,则定子上流动接触点可到达的区域向定子内凸中点集中,使定子内凸中点处磨损严重。因此,变幅系数的选取原则是在保证定子等距线不打扣的情况下,尽量接近1。
根据丁晴橡胶的磨损规律,确定了定子磨损的主要影响因素之一是流动接触点相对滑动速度。得出结论认为:提高流动接触点最小相对滑动速度有利于延长单螺杆泵的使用寿命。
单螺杆泵性能评价指标的确定对于单螺杆泵的设计具有很大影响,本文以过流面积、流动接触点最小相对滑动速度、固定接触点最大综合曲率、变幅系数四个指标作为单螺杆泵性能评价指标,研究了单参数变化对它们的影响;给出了普通内摆线和短幅内摆线螺杆-衬套副过流面积、流动接触点最小相对滑动速度、固定接触点最大综合曲率的计算公式;建立了短幅内摆线型单螺杆泵优化设计的数学模型,编制了单螺杆泵优化设计的计算机程序,并得到了综合性能优良的单螺杆泵模型。
研究了基于UG的CAD系统二次开发技术,采用UG Open GRIP与VB.Net相结合的方式开发了单螺杆泵CAD系统。应用该系统对螺杆-衬套副进行了参数化建模,进而实现运动仿真和有限元分析。结果表明:采用本文所提出评价指标进行优化设计,得到设计参数应用在螺杆泵的型线设计上,具有明显的优越性。
It’s not a long time since the progressing cavity pump(PCP) has been developed. Now there is some development in the lifting theory and match technology, but the characters and potentials of this new hydraulic mechanism aren’t been discovered sufficiently, so quite a few academic questions need to be solved, these questions restrict the further application of PCP. Simultaneously, the developments of the oil fields require that the PCP has more excellent lifting capability. To solve these questions, we need to go deep into application research and theoretic study of PCP.
In this paper, by means of researching the forming principle of the hypocycloid PCP’s horizontal cross section, the analysis of motion of the isometric profiles was developed. At the same time, the changing rules of the contact angle of the turning point and the midpoint, how the contact angle of turning point influencing the PCP’s performance were also discussed especially. Here, the contact angle is a value, obtained by subtracting between the angle when the rotor leaves a point and the angle when the rotor begins to contact this point.
Furthermore, the engagement process of the hypocycloid PCP was researched, and the relationship between the engagement motion and the molding motion of the primary line style were discovered. Accordingly, the rule of motion and comparatively slide velocity formula of fixation contact point and the floating contact point were obtained. The research findings of how the radius variation ratio influences the line-stye of shaft-housing pairs shows that: when the radius variation ratio is a comparatively bigger value, the isometric profiles isn’t very good, so the turning zone is frayed rapidly. On the other hand, when the radius variation ratio is very small, such as 0.2, the floating contact area centralizes to the midpoint, the midpoint zone will be frayed rapidly. So the conclusion is that the finer radius variation ratio should be close to 1 under the circumstances that the isometric profiles has no drape on it.
According to nitrile-butadiene rubber(NBR) tribological rules, of which the minimum value of the comparatively slide velocity of the floating contact point will influence the stator abrasion mostly, we can conclude that the minimum value of the comparatively slide velocity of the floating contact point should be increased in order to prolong PCP’s working lifetime.
A set of excellent performance indexes is very important for the design of PCP. This paper confirms the flow area, the minimum value of the comparative slide velocity of the floating contact point, the maximum integration curvature, and the radius variation ratio as the performance indexes, discussed how the single parameter such as the number of the lobe influences the performance indexes, deducted the formulas of these performance indexes of the hypocycloid PCP. Subsequently, optimal design program of the hypocycloid PCP was set up, by resolving mathematical model, PCP’s conjugate curve with excellent performance was obtained.
Finally, secondary development technology of CAD system based on UG was researched, a new way to build a CAD system for the hypocycloid PCP, which combined UG/Open GRIP with VB.net, was selected. Using this CAD system, parameterized and three-dimensional model, kinematics simulation, and the finite element analysis of hypocycloid PCP were established orderly. The results show that the performance indexes are appropriate and the hypocycloid PCP optimization design is unsatisfactory, the model of shaft-housing pairs, which comes from optimized parameters, has distinct advantages accordingly.
本文主要研究单螺杆泵截面型线,从研究内摆线型单螺杆泵骨线及其等距曲线的形成原理入手,对内摆线型单螺杆泵的等距曲线进行运动分析。重点分析、比较了普通内摆线型单螺杆泵固定接触点在定子等距线转折点和定子内凸中点处接触角的变化,探讨了接触角的大小对螺杆泵使用寿命的影响。
研究了内摆线型单螺杆泵转子与定子截面型线的啮合原理,探讨了内摆线型单螺杆泵啮合运动与内摆线骨线形成运动之间的关系,分析了单螺杆泵的固定接触点、流动接触点的运动规律,推导出内摆线型单螺杆泵固定接触点相对滑动速度、流动接触点相对滑动速度的计算公式。研究了变幅系数对螺杆-衬套副型线的影响,结果表明:变幅系数大,则等距曲线容易打扣,导致转折点处磨损很快;而变幅系数小,则定子上流动接触点可到达的区域向定子内凸中点集中,使定子内凸中点处磨损严重。因此,变幅系数的选取原则是在保证定子等距线不打扣的情况下,尽量接近1。
根据丁晴橡胶的磨损规律,确定了定子磨损的主要影响因素之一是流动接触点相对滑动速度。得出结论认为:提高流动接触点最小相对滑动速度有利于延长单螺杆泵的使用寿命。
单螺杆泵性能评价指标的确定对于单螺杆泵的设计具有很大影响,本文以过流面积、流动接触点最小相对滑动速度、固定接触点最大综合曲率、变幅系数四个指标作为单螺杆泵性能评价指标,研究了单参数变化对它们的影响;给出了普通内摆线和短幅内摆线螺杆-衬套副过流面积、流动接触点最小相对滑动速度、固定接触点最大综合曲率的计算公式;建立了短幅内摆线型单螺杆泵优化设计的数学模型,编制了单螺杆泵优化设计的计算机程序,并得到了综合性能优良的单螺杆泵模型。
研究了基于UG的CAD系统二次开发技术,采用UG Open GRIP与VB.Net相结合的方式开发了单螺杆泵CAD系统。应用该系统对螺杆-衬套副进行了参数化建模,进而实现运动仿真和有限元分析。结果表明:采用本文所提出评价指标进行优化设计,得到设计参数应用在螺杆泵的型线设计上,具有明显的优越性。
It’s not a long time since the progressing cavity pump(PCP) has been developed. Now there is some development in the lifting theory and match technology, but the characters and potentials of this new hydraulic mechanism aren’t been discovered sufficiently, so quite a few academic questions need to be solved, these questions restrict the further application of PCP. Simultaneously, the developments of the oil fields require that the PCP has more excellent lifting capability. To solve these questions, we need to go deep into application research and theoretic study of PCP.
In this paper, by means of researching the forming principle of the hypocycloid PCP’s horizontal cross section, the analysis of motion of the isometric profiles was developed. At the same time, the changing rules of the contact angle of the turning point and the midpoint, how the contact angle of turning point influencing the PCP’s performance were also discussed especially. Here, the contact angle is a value, obtained by subtracting between the angle when the rotor leaves a point and the angle when the rotor begins to contact this point.
Furthermore, the engagement process of the hypocycloid PCP was researched, and the relationship between the engagement motion and the molding motion of the primary line style were discovered. Accordingly, the rule of motion and comparatively slide velocity formula of fixation contact point and the floating contact point were obtained. The research findings of how the radius variation ratio influences the line-stye of shaft-housing pairs shows that: when the radius variation ratio is a comparatively bigger value, the isometric profiles isn’t very good, so the turning zone is frayed rapidly. On the other hand, when the radius variation ratio is very small, such as 0.2, the floating contact area centralizes to the midpoint, the midpoint zone will be frayed rapidly. So the conclusion is that the finer radius variation ratio should be close to 1 under the circumstances that the isometric profiles has no drape on it.
According to nitrile-butadiene rubber(NBR) tribological rules, of which the minimum value of the comparatively slide velocity of the floating contact point will influence the stator abrasion mostly, we can conclude that the minimum value of the comparatively slide velocity of the floating contact point should be increased in order to prolong PCP’s working lifetime.
A set of excellent performance indexes is very important for the design of PCP. This paper confirms the flow area, the minimum value of the comparative slide velocity of the floating contact point, the maximum integration curvature, and the radius variation ratio as the performance indexes, discussed how the single parameter such as the number of the lobe influences the performance indexes, deducted the formulas of these performance indexes of the hypocycloid PCP. Subsequently, optimal design program of the hypocycloid PCP was set up, by resolving mathematical model, PCP’s conjugate curve with excellent performance was obtained.
Finally, secondary development technology of CAD system based on UG was researched, a new way to build a CAD system for the hypocycloid PCP, which combined UG/Open GRIP with VB.net, was selected. Using this CAD system, parameterized and three-dimensional model, kinematics simulation, and the finite element analysis of hypocycloid PCP were established orderly. The results show that the performance indexes are appropriate and the hypocycloid PCP optimization design is unsatisfactory, the model of shaft-housing pairs, which comes from optimized parameters, has distinct advantages accordingly.
引文
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