基于云存储的在线牙科电子病历系统的研究
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摘要
牙科疾病慢慢地成为一种社会化疾病，经济水平的差距又严重影响各地牙疾的诊断治疗水平。各牙科医院的患者诊断信息难以进行共享交流，不利于牙科领域的学术研究，因此探索一种在线牙科电子病历系统具有很强的社会意义。
本文在已有工作的基础上提出一个基于云存储的在线牙科电子病历系统OCDEMR（Online-Dental Electronic Medical Record System Based Cloud Storage）的原型。系统引入牙科电子病历模板工具，通过内置的病历标签结点，医生可以方便地创建牙科电子病历模板，利用模板解析引擎对患者的诊断过程进行数据采集记录。牙科电子病历包含大量的图片数据，随着患者记录的增加，存储空间很快会遇到瓶颈，传统的硬盘扩容维护麻烦成本高，又不利于未来对大量数据进行分析挖掘的处理。鉴于上述考虑，本文尝试利用HADOOP提供的HDFS分布式文件系统构建牙科电子病历存储系统，病历文档经过压缩可以上传到云端，也可以从云端解压下载到本地。最后，笔者开发一个WEB客户端的原型系统，并在实验室完成系统的集成以及效果测试。
在该原型系统上进行的实验结果表明：通过OCDEMR系统医生可以方便地动态创建病历模板，完成病历数据的采集工作；生成XML格式的病历数据具有结构化特征利于数据的组织与转换；通过系统提供的命令可以实现电子病历云端存取功能。
Dental sickness is slowly becoming a socialized diseases, the economic gap affects thelevel of diagnosis and treatment on dental disease across the country.Information of dentaldiagnostic which is difficult to share and exchange that is not conducive to the academic studyof dentistry.So developing an online dental electronic medical record system has a strong socialsignificance.
One prototype for Online-Dental Electronic Medical Record System(OCDEMR) Which isbased on cloud storage is brought in this paper.The system pulls in a design tool for medicalrecord template,the doctor can create EMR template easily throuth built-in tag nodes.It is easyto collect information of diagonosis by using the template parser engine. Dental electronicmedical record contains a large number of image data, with the increase of patient records,storage space will soon encounter a problem, and it takes a high cost to maintain traditionalhard disk expansion, and not conducive to analyze large amounts of data in the future. Inview of the above considerations, the author attempts to use the the HDFS distributed filesystem to build a dental electronic medical records storage system,medical document aftercompression can be uploaded to the cloud storage, can also be downloaded to the local fromcloud storage after decompression. Finally, a prototype system which provides a web client hasdeveloped in this paper, and system integration and efficacy testing has done in the labenvironment.
The experimental results conducted on the prototype system show that throughOEMRSBH system a doctor can create a medical record template easily and dynamically, andcomplete medical record data collection work.Medical records data is save to an XML formatwhich has the characteristics of structured data and conversion.The results also show thatthrough the system command users can access to electronic medical records which are saved oncloud storage.
本文在已有工作的基础上提出一个基于云存储的在线牙科电子病历系统OCDEMR（Online-Dental Electronic Medical Record System Based Cloud Storage）的原型。系统引入牙科电子病历模板工具，通过内置的病历标签结点，医生可以方便地创建牙科电子病历模板，利用模板解析引擎对患者的诊断过程进行数据采集记录。牙科电子病历包含大量的图片数据，随着患者记录的增加，存储空间很快会遇到瓶颈，传统的硬盘扩容维护麻烦成本高，又不利于未来对大量数据进行分析挖掘的处理。鉴于上述考虑，本文尝试利用HADOOP提供的HDFS分布式文件系统构建牙科电子病历存储系统，病历文档经过压缩可以上传到云端，也可以从云端解压下载到本地。最后，笔者开发一个WEB客户端的原型系统，并在实验室完成系统的集成以及效果测试。
在该原型系统上进行的实验结果表明：通过OCDEMR系统医生可以方便地动态创建病历模板，完成病历数据的采集工作；生成XML格式的病历数据具有结构化特征利于数据的组织与转换；通过系统提供的命令可以实现电子病历云端存取功能。
Dental sickness is slowly becoming a socialized diseases, the economic gap affects thelevel of diagnosis and treatment on dental disease across the country.Information of dentaldiagnostic which is difficult to share and exchange that is not conducive to the academic studyof dentistry.So developing an online dental electronic medical record system has a strong socialsignificance.
One prototype for Online-Dental Electronic Medical Record System(OCDEMR) Which isbased on cloud storage is brought in this paper.The system pulls in a design tool for medicalrecord template,the doctor can create EMR template easily throuth built-in tag nodes.It is easyto collect information of diagonosis by using the template parser engine. Dental electronicmedical record contains a large number of image data, with the increase of patient records,storage space will soon encounter a problem, and it takes a high cost to maintain traditionalhard disk expansion, and not conducive to analyze large amounts of data in the future. Inview of the above considerations, the author attempts to use the the HDFS distributed filesystem to build a dental electronic medical records storage system,medical document aftercompression can be uploaded to the cloud storage, can also be downloaded to the local fromcloud storage after decompression. Finally, a prototype system which provides a web client hasdeveloped in this paper, and system integration and efficacy testing has done in the labenvironment.
The experimental results conducted on the prototype system show that throughOEMRSBH system a doctor can create a medical record template easily and dynamically, andcomplete medical record data collection work.Medical records data is save to an XML formatwhich has the characteristics of structured data and conversion.The results also show thatthrough the system command users can access to electronic medical records which are saved oncloud storage.
引文
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[26]百度百科.电子病历定义[EB/OL]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/18090.htm
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[29]彭晓川.基于Flex的RIA与J2EE应用的整合[J].电脑与电信,2008(2):37-39
[30]戴侃,杨小虎.基于J2EE与FLEX技术构建RIA系统的探索与实现[J].微电子学与计算机,2006,23(5):37-39
[31]梁文新,宋强,刘凌霞,等著. Flex+PHP RIA应用开发实战详解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010
[32]王晓幸,木宵挺,杨杰.基于Cache数据库的电子病历存储结构设计[J].医学信息,2005,19(3):367-371
[33]苏新宁.基于Hadoop分布式文件系统的分析与研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2011(9):161-162
[34]周锦煌,黄穗.一个基于XML的电子病历系统模型的设计[J].计算机工程与应用,2004(21):216-219
[35]吴桂阳,万建成,于清国,刘成柱.基于XML的界面模板技术[J].计算机应用研究,2004(10):54-55
[36] S.Jung, M.Choe, S.Yoo, etc. Development of CDA Authoring Tool: CDA Studio[C].Proceedings of7th International Workshop on Enterprise Networking and Computing inHealthcare Industry,2005,307-310
[37] J.Hui, S.Knoop, P.Schwarz. Analyzing Clinical Data in XML: Bridging the Gaps[C].Proceedings of the2nd ACM SIGHIT International Health Informatics Symposium,2012,843-846
[38]刘仲明,王放,郑小林.医学影像归档与存储系统中影像数据长期存储问题的研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2005,27(11):1123-1126
[39]石会玲,王玲勉,任爱玲,等.电子病历存储归档方法及优势分析[J].护理学报,2009,16(3):29-30
[40] D.Guo, Y.Du, Q.Li, etc. Design and Realization of the Cloud Data Backup SystemBased on HDFS[C]. Proceedings of the2011International Conference on EmergingResearch in Web Information Systems and Mining,2011,396-403
[41] A.Kaletsch, H.Krcmar. Comparative Evaluation of Google Health API VS. MicrosoftHealthVault API[C]. Proceedings of the3rd International Conference on HelathInformatics,2010,195-201
[42] N.Mohandas, S.M.Thampi. Improving Hadoop Performance in Handling Small Files[C].Proceedings of the1st International Conference on Advance in Computing andCommunications,2011,187-194
[43] L.Chan, M.Amer, F.Aldhaban. Adoption and Evaluation of Personal Health Record(PHR) System[C]. Proceedings of PICMET2009Portland International Conference onManagement of Engineering and Technology,2009,2986-2999
[44] L.Jiang, B.Li, M.Song. The Optimization of HDFS based on Small Files[C].Proceedings of the3rd IEEE International Conference on Broadband Network andMultimedia Technology,2010,912-915
[45]李明子.临床路径的基本概念及其应用[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(1),59-61
[2]严维良,于津. XML在电子病历的应用[J].汕头大学学报,2003,18(1):66-71
[3]口腔产业发展现状与前景.[EB/OL].(2012-02-13). http://wenku.baidu.com/view/92f3b7593b3567ec102d8abb.html
[4]陈建,徐雅斌.基于XML的电子病历系统的设计与实现[J].北京信息科技大学学报,2009,24(3),68-71
[5]黄穗,刘剑.一个牙科电子电子病历的设计与实现[J].计算机工程,2004,30(4):167-169
[6]黄穗,刘剑, Donald Yu.一种牙髓病尖周病电子病历的设计和实现[J].牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2009(2),211-215
[7] Apache. HDFS User Guide [EB/OL]. http://hadoop.apache.org/common/docs/r0.20.2/hdfs_user_guide.html
[8]陈丽欣,张荣霞,刘燕超.电子病历的现状及发展[J].中国误诊学杂志,2009,9(10),2285-2286
[9]尤德军.电子病历的现状及发展方向[J].哈尔滨医药,2010,30(6),36-37
[10]袁雪莉.电子病历的现状与难点分析[J].计算机与现代化,2010(10),198-199,204
[11]黄穗.电子病历中的模板及其实现方法[J].计算机工程与设计,2004,25(2):203-205
[12] Wikipedia.Cloud computing [EB/OL]. http://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Cloud_computing
[13]陈康,郑纬民.云计算:系统实例与研究现状[J].软件学报,2009,20(5),1337-1348
[14]张建勋,古志民,郑超.云计算研究进展综述[J].计算机应用研究,2010,27(2):429-433
[15] X.Q.Li, Y.Gu, L.D.Yang, etc. Research and Implementation of Transmitting andInterchanging Medical Information based on HL7[C].Proceedings of the2ndInternational Conference on Information Science and Engineering,2010,457-460
[16] P.R.Rao, T.K.Swami, D.S.Rao, etc. A Software Tool for Large-Scale Sharing andQuerying of Clinical Documents Modeled using HL7Version3Standard[C].Proceedings of the2nd ACM SIGHIT International Health Informatics Symposium,2012,473-482
[17] C.T.Yang, G.H.Lin, G.L.Chang. Implementation of Image Watermarking Processes onCloud Computing Environments [C]. Proceedings of the2nd International Conferenceon Security-Enriched Urban Computing and Smart Grid,2011,131-140
[18]李彭军,陈光杰,郭文明.基于HDFS的区域医学影像分布式存储架构设计[J].南方医科大学学报,2011,31(3):495-498
[19] L.Sorokin, F.Montero, C.Martin. Flex RIA Development and Usability Evaluation[C].Proceedings of International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering,2007,447-452
[20]陈全,邓倩妮.云计算及相关技术[J].计算机应用,2009,29(9),2562-2567
[21]袁国骏.浅谈云计算及其发展与应用[J].计算机光盘软件与应用,2005,15(4):103-105
[22] Apache. Hadoop.[EB/OL]. http://hadoop.apache.org/
[23] Wikipedia. XML [EB/OL]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML
[24] M.Suka, K.Yoshida. Barrier to Transition from Paper-Based to Computer-Based PatientRecord: Analysis of Paper-Based Patient Records[C]. Proceedings of the9thInternational Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and EngineeringSystems,2005,1239-1245
[25] Y.S.Kwak. International standards for building Electronic Health Record (EHR)[C].Proceedings of the7th International Workshop on Enterprise Networking andComputing in Healthcare Industry,2005,18-23
[26]百度百科.电子病历定义[EB/OL]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/18090.htm
[27]赵虹,鲁五一.一种基于XML的电子病历的数据存储策略[J].企业技术开发,2007,26(4),25-27
[28]吴万春,梁珂.基于XML的电子病历存储管理系统的实现[J].医疗设备信息,2007,22(7):24-26
[29]彭晓川.基于Flex的RIA与J2EE应用的整合[J].电脑与电信,2008(2):37-39
[30]戴侃,杨小虎.基于J2EE与FLEX技术构建RIA系统的探索与实现[J].微电子学与计算机,2006,23(5):37-39
[31]梁文新,宋强,刘凌霞,等著. Flex+PHP RIA应用开发实战详解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010
[32]王晓幸,木宵挺,杨杰.基于Cache数据库的电子病历存储结构设计[J].医学信息,2005,19(3):367-371
[33]苏新宁.基于Hadoop分布式文件系统的分析与研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2011(9):161-162
[34]周锦煌,黄穗.一个基于XML的电子病历系统模型的设计[J].计算机工程与应用,2004(21):216-219
[35]吴桂阳,万建成,于清国,刘成柱.基于XML的界面模板技术[J].计算机应用研究,2004(10):54-55
[36] S.Jung, M.Choe, S.Yoo, etc. Development of CDA Authoring Tool: CDA Studio[C].Proceedings of7th International Workshop on Enterprise Networking and Computing inHealthcare Industry,2005,307-310
[37] J.Hui, S.Knoop, P.Schwarz. Analyzing Clinical Data in XML: Bridging the Gaps[C].Proceedings of the2nd ACM SIGHIT International Health Informatics Symposium,2012,843-846
[38]刘仲明,王放,郑小林.医学影像归档与存储系统中影像数据长期存储问题的研究[J].第三军医大学学报,2005,27(11):1123-1126
[39]石会玲,王玲勉,任爱玲,等.电子病历存储归档方法及优势分析[J].护理学报,2009,16(3):29-30
[40] D.Guo, Y.Du, Q.Li, etc. Design and Realization of the Cloud Data Backup SystemBased on HDFS[C]. Proceedings of the2011International Conference on EmergingResearch in Web Information Systems and Mining,2011,396-403
[41] A.Kaletsch, H.Krcmar. Comparative Evaluation of Google Health API VS. MicrosoftHealthVault API[C]. Proceedings of the3rd International Conference on HelathInformatics,2010,195-201
[42] N.Mohandas, S.M.Thampi. Improving Hadoop Performance in Handling Small Files[C].Proceedings of the1st International Conference on Advance in Computing andCommunications,2011,187-194
[43] L.Chan, M.Amer, F.Aldhaban. Adoption and Evaluation of Personal Health Record(PHR) System[C]. Proceedings of PICMET2009Portland International Conference onManagement of Engineering and Technology,2009,2986-2999
[44] L.Jiang, B.Li, M.Song. The Optimization of HDFS based on Small Files[C].Proceedings of the3rd IEEE International Conference on Broadband Network andMultimedia Technology,2010,912-915
[45]李明子.临床路径的基本概念及其应用[J].中华护理杂志,2010,45(1),59-61