陕南镇巴东部地区基性岩墙群和正长斑岩脉的岩石地球化学特征及其构造意义
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摘要
在南秦岭北大巴山构造带中的镇巴东部地区早古生代地层中出露大量NW-SE向展布的基性岩墙群,同时还出露有少量正长斑岩脉呈近似方向展布。经同位素定年及野外研究表明,此次岩浆活动发生在早古生代晚期晚奥陶世—早志留世,属加里东中晚期构造岩浆活动事件的记录。其中基性岩以辉长辉绿岩为主,局部有少量辉绿岩脉,它们与该区正长斑岩脉一同构成一套具典型碱性双峰式岩浆岩特征的岩石组合,表明了该区在早古生代晚期发生了一次陆壳伸展拉张事件。两大岩类均相对富集轻稀土,轻重稀土分馏强烈,总体显示了较为一致的右倾谱型,且微量元素的原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示各岩石样品相对富集LILE,并明显富集不相容元素Ba、Nb、Ta等,与OIB特征相符。岩墙的Mg~#值均较低,明显低于原始岩浆Mg~#值,说明区内岩墙应该是原始岩浆经历较高程度演化后的产物。Eu在基性岩类中显示为正异常,而在正长斑岩中显示为负异常,指示在基性岩形成前,岩浆并未发生以斜长石为主要结晶相的分离结晶作用,在基性岩向正长岩演化的过程中才发生了斜长石的分离结晶作用,此过程中,同时发生了以富Ti、P的磷灰石和含钛磁铁矿为主要晶出相的结晶分异作用,最后形成贫P、Ti和明显亏损Sr的正长斑岩。结合这些特征再根据研究区明显缺失大陆拉斑玄武岩而只出现碱性基性岩的特征推断,本区岩墙应该形成于大陆裂谷早期演化阶段。此外,研究区所有基性岩类都高Ti(TiO_2平均4.55%),显示了高钛玄武岩的特征(TiO_2＞4%),且Ti/Y比值非常高(在423.1～2771.5之间,平均1235.35),与地幔柱岩浆活动所形成的峨眉山高Ti(TiO_2＞4%,Ti/Y＞500)玄武岩特征相似。两类岩石的Ta/Hf值在0.27～0.90之间,Th/Ta值在0.68～1.59之间,与地幔柱成因的玄武岩系的特征(Ta/Hf＞0.3,Th/Ta＜1.6)相符,表明了它们的形成为地幔热柱岩浆活动所控制。
通过本论文的研究,揭示了早古生代晚期,扬子板块北缘南秦岭区发生一次重要的地幔热柱岩浆活动,也正是因为这次深部地幔热柱岩浆活动的存在才引发了该区大范围的拉张裂解。此次地幔热柱活动应该是早古生代期间整个南秦岭地区构造演化的主要深部驱动力来源,可能对晚古生代时期勉略洋盆的打开产生着重要的影响。
Appears massive NW-SE distributed Mafic Dyke Swarms in Zhenba eastern area,in north Dabashan structure belt ,the south of Qinling, meanwhile appears has the few Syenite Porphyry Veins to assume the approximate direction mop. Decides the year after the isotope and the open country research indicated, This magmatic activity occurs in the eopaleozoic later period late Ordovician world - early silurian period world, Belongs to east Gary the mid and late stage structure magmatic activity event record. In which basic crag by splendor long diabase primarily, has the few diabase arteries partially, They together constitute a set of typical alkalinity split-blip type magmatic rock characteristic rock combination with this area Syenite Porphyry Veins, Had indicated this area had a continental crust extension in the eopaleozoic later period to pull opens the event. Two big crag class homogeneous phases to concentrate the light rare-earth element, The light and weight rare-earth element fractionation is intense, the overall has demonstrated the more consistent right deviation spectrum, And the trace element primitive mantle standardization spider web chart demonstrated various rocks sample concentrates LILE relatively, and concentrates not accommodating element Ba, Nb, Ta obviously and so on, with OIB characteristic match case. The dike Mg~# value is low, is lower than the proto magma Mg~# value obviously, Explained in the area the dike should be the proto magma experience high degree evolves after the product. Eu demonstrates in the basite for exceptionally, but in the orthophyre the demonstration is the negative anomaly, It had instructed before forms in the basic crag, the rock magma occurs by no means take the plagioclase feldspar as the main crystallization phase fractional crystallization, In the process which evolved to the syenite has only then had the plagioclase feldspar fractional crystallization in the basic crag, In this process, the synchronize take rich Ti and P apatite and contained the titanomagnetite as the main crystal showing off crystallization differentiation function, Finally forms poor P, Ti and loses Sr obviously the orthophyre. Unifies these characteristics, again pulls the spot basalt according to the research area obviously flaw mainland only to appear the alkalinity basic crag the characteristic inference, the home court dike should form in the mainland rift valley early time evolution stage. In addition, research area all basite all high Ti (TiO_2 average 4.55%), has demonstrated the high titanium basalt characteristic (TiO_2>4%), and the Ti/Y ratio is extremely high (between 423.1～2771.5, average 1235.35), This is similar with the Mt. Emei high Ti(TiO_2>4%, Ti/Y>500) basalt characteristic which forms with the mantle plume magmatic activity. Two kind of rock Ta/Hf values between 0.27～0.90, Th/Ta value between 0.68～1.59, with mantle plume origin basalt series characteristic (Ta/Hf>0.3, Th/Ta<1.6) match case, It had indicated that their formation is controlled by the mantle plume magmatic.
Through the present paper research, promulgated the eopaleozoic later period, south the reason of the Qinling area in north the Yangzi tectonic plate has had a time important mantle plum magmatic activity, Also is precisely because this depth portion mantle plume magmatic activity existence only then initiated this area wide range to pull opens the decomposition. This mantle plume magmatic activity should be the main depth portion driving influence origin which the eopaleozoic period entire south Qinling area structure evolves, and possibly made an effort for the Mianlue ocean basin in the late Paleozoic Era time to open slightly is having the important influence.
通过本论文的研究,揭示了早古生代晚期,扬子板块北缘南秦岭区发生一次重要的地幔热柱岩浆活动,也正是因为这次深部地幔热柱岩浆活动的存在才引发了该区大范围的拉张裂解。此次地幔热柱活动应该是早古生代期间整个南秦岭地区构造演化的主要深部驱动力来源,可能对晚古生代时期勉略洋盆的打开产生着重要的影响。
Appears massive NW-SE distributed Mafic Dyke Swarms in Zhenba eastern area,in north Dabashan structure belt ,the south of Qinling, meanwhile appears has the few Syenite Porphyry Veins to assume the approximate direction mop. Decides the year after the isotope and the open country research indicated, This magmatic activity occurs in the eopaleozoic later period late Ordovician world - early silurian period world, Belongs to east Gary the mid and late stage structure magmatic activity event record. In which basic crag by splendor long diabase primarily, has the few diabase arteries partially, They together constitute a set of typical alkalinity split-blip type magmatic rock characteristic rock combination with this area Syenite Porphyry Veins, Had indicated this area had a continental crust extension in the eopaleozoic later period to pull opens the event. Two big crag class homogeneous phases to concentrate the light rare-earth element, The light and weight rare-earth element fractionation is intense, the overall has demonstrated the more consistent right deviation spectrum, And the trace element primitive mantle standardization spider web chart demonstrated various rocks sample concentrates LILE relatively, and concentrates not accommodating element Ba, Nb, Ta obviously and so on, with OIB characteristic match case. The dike Mg~# value is low, is lower than the proto magma Mg~# value obviously, Explained in the area the dike should be the proto magma experience high degree evolves after the product. Eu demonstrates in the basite for exceptionally, but in the orthophyre the demonstration is the negative anomaly, It had instructed before forms in the basic crag, the rock magma occurs by no means take the plagioclase feldspar as the main crystallization phase fractional crystallization, In the process which evolved to the syenite has only then had the plagioclase feldspar fractional crystallization in the basic crag, In this process, the synchronize take rich Ti and P apatite and contained the titanomagnetite as the main crystal showing off crystallization differentiation function, Finally forms poor P, Ti and loses Sr obviously the orthophyre. Unifies these characteristics, again pulls the spot basalt according to the research area obviously flaw mainland only to appear the alkalinity basic crag the characteristic inference, the home court dike should form in the mainland rift valley early time evolution stage. In addition, research area all basite all high Ti (TiO_2 average 4.55%), has demonstrated the high titanium basalt characteristic (TiO_2>4%), and the Ti/Y ratio is extremely high (between 423.1～2771.5, average 1235.35), This is similar with the Mt. Emei high Ti(TiO_2>4%, Ti/Y>500) basalt characteristic which forms with the mantle plume magmatic activity. Two kind of rock Ta/Hf values between 0.27～0.90, Th/Ta value between 0.68～1.59, with mantle plume origin basalt series characteristic (Ta/Hf>0.3, Th/Ta<1.6) match case, It had indicated that their formation is controlled by the mantle plume magmatic.
Through the present paper research, promulgated the eopaleozoic later period, south the reason of the Qinling area in north the Yangzi tectonic plate has had a time important mantle plum magmatic activity, Also is precisely because this depth portion mantle plume magmatic activity existence only then initiated this area wide range to pull opens the decomposition. This mantle plume magmatic activity should be the main depth portion driving influence origin which the eopaleozoic period entire south Qinling area structure evolves, and possibly made an effort for the Mianlue ocean basin in the late Paleozoic Era time to open slightly is having the important influence.
引文
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