基于ARM和DSP的红外热像下渣检测系统研究与设计
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摘要
在钢铁制造工业中,高温熔化状态钢水中的钢渣检测问题是一直以来未能很好解决的难题,钢渣是钢铁冶炼过程中的副产品,钢渣本身会直接降低铸坯质量进而影响生产出的钢材质量,另外钢渣也会破坏钢铁连铸生产连续性给钢厂效益带来负面效应。因此连铸过程中钢渣检测是一个具有较大生产实际意义的研究课题。
本文以钢包到中间包敞开式浇注过程中,保护浇注后期移除长水口后浇注过程中的钢水下渣检测为研究对象。在调研了国内外下渣检测技术与下渣检测设备的应用情况后,提出了一套将嵌入式技术与红外热像检测技术相结合的钢水下渣检测系统的解决方案,并搭建了系统的原型:硬件系统平台以红外热像探测器为系统的传感器,以ARM7嵌入式微处理器与DSP数字信号处理器为系统运算处理核心;软件系统平台包含基于在ARM7上移植的μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统构建的嵌入式应用程序,以及基于DSP各类支持库的嵌入式应用程序。该下渣检测系统设计方案具有非接触式检测、低成本、系统自成一体、直观显示钢水注液状态、量化钢渣含量等特点,能够协助现场工作人员检测和判断下渣,有效减少连铸过程中钢包到中间包的下渣量。
本文首先,介绍了课题研究的背景,明确了研究对象,分析了连铸过程中的钢水下渣问题,调研了现有的连铸过程中钢包到中间包的钢水下渣检测方法:其次,介绍了红外热像技术相关理论和基于红外热像技术检测钢水下渣的原理,阐述了嵌入式系统解决方案的总体构架与设计思路;再次,分别介绍了系统的上、下位机系统的设计与实现,包括对系统电源、存储器等硬件模块的设计,软件部分的设计等,另外重点阐述了上、下位机HPI通信的软硬件设计与调试过程,以及嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ2.83版本在上位机ARM7硬件平台的移植方法;对系统平台原型进行了调试和实验,将HPI通信、上位机系统软件实验结果进行了分析说明;最后,对论文进行总结,并对系统的改进和优化方向进行展望。
In steel making industry, the detection of slag carry-over within molten steel has been a challenge for over a century. The presence of slag, a byproduct of the process itself, directly reduces the quality of steel and influences the continuity of steel production. Thereby, slag detection in continuous casting is an important and practical research subject.
Background of the thesis is the slag detection in open casting process and final stage of protective casting process from laddie to tundish. After investigating domestic slag detection methods and application of slag detection devices, a set of slag detection system scheme which combines embedded technology and infrared thermo graphic technology was brought forward, and system prototype was established; hardware platform consisted of infra-red thermo graphic inspector which was the sensor of system, ARM7 microprocessor and DSP digital signal processor were processing kernel; software platform consisted ofμC/OS-II embedded operating system ported on ARM7 and kinds of embedded application programs based on DSP supporting libraries. The slag detecting system design scheme has following characteristics: non-contact detection, low cost, visually display steel casting status, quantize slag amount and so on. It can help field worker to judge whether slag carry-over occurs or not, in order to effectively minimize slag amount leaked into tundish.
Firstly, research background and subject were introduced, slag carry-over phenomenon in continuous casting was analyzed, and present slag detection methods were studied. Secondly, related infra-red thermo graphic technology and slag detection principle were illustrated, and system architecture and design were introduced. Thirdly, upper and lower position computers were introduced respectively, including critical modules designs of hardware and software, emphases were placed on design and debugging process of HPI communication between upper position computer and lower position computer, andμC/OS-II version 2.83 porting method on ARM7 hardware platform; experiments and debugging were made for system, then analysis and illustration of HPI communication and upper position computer software system experiment results are shown. Finally, summary of the thesis was made, system improvement direction and optimization expectations in the future were discussed.
本文以钢包到中间包敞开式浇注过程中,保护浇注后期移除长水口后浇注过程中的钢水下渣检测为研究对象。在调研了国内外下渣检测技术与下渣检测设备的应用情况后,提出了一套将嵌入式技术与红外热像检测技术相结合的钢水下渣检测系统的解决方案,并搭建了系统的原型:硬件系统平台以红外热像探测器为系统的传感器,以ARM7嵌入式微处理器与DSP数字信号处理器为系统运算处理核心;软件系统平台包含基于在ARM7上移植的μC/OS-Ⅱ嵌入式操作系统构建的嵌入式应用程序,以及基于DSP各类支持库的嵌入式应用程序。该下渣检测系统设计方案具有非接触式检测、低成本、系统自成一体、直观显示钢水注液状态、量化钢渣含量等特点,能够协助现场工作人员检测和判断下渣,有效减少连铸过程中钢包到中间包的下渣量。
本文首先,介绍了课题研究的背景,明确了研究对象,分析了连铸过程中的钢水下渣问题,调研了现有的连铸过程中钢包到中间包的钢水下渣检测方法:其次,介绍了红外热像技术相关理论和基于红外热像技术检测钢水下渣的原理,阐述了嵌入式系统解决方案的总体构架与设计思路;再次,分别介绍了系统的上、下位机系统的设计与实现,包括对系统电源、存储器等硬件模块的设计,软件部分的设计等,另外重点阐述了上、下位机HPI通信的软硬件设计与调试过程,以及嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ2.83版本在上位机ARM7硬件平台的移植方法;对系统平台原型进行了调试和实验,将HPI通信、上位机系统软件实验结果进行了分析说明;最后,对论文进行总结,并对系统的改进和优化方向进行展望。
In steel making industry, the detection of slag carry-over within molten steel has been a challenge for over a century. The presence of slag, a byproduct of the process itself, directly reduces the quality of steel and influences the continuity of steel production. Thereby, slag detection in continuous casting is an important and practical research subject.
Background of the thesis is the slag detection in open casting process and final stage of protective casting process from laddie to tundish. After investigating domestic slag detection methods and application of slag detection devices, a set of slag detection system scheme which combines embedded technology and infrared thermo graphic technology was brought forward, and system prototype was established; hardware platform consisted of infra-red thermo graphic inspector which was the sensor of system, ARM7 microprocessor and DSP digital signal processor were processing kernel; software platform consisted ofμC/OS-II embedded operating system ported on ARM7 and kinds of embedded application programs based on DSP supporting libraries. The slag detecting system design scheme has following characteristics: non-contact detection, low cost, visually display steel casting status, quantize slag amount and so on. It can help field worker to judge whether slag carry-over occurs or not, in order to effectively minimize slag amount leaked into tundish.
Firstly, research background and subject were introduced, slag carry-over phenomenon in continuous casting was analyzed, and present slag detection methods were studied. Secondly, related infra-red thermo graphic technology and slag detection principle were illustrated, and system architecture and design were introduced. Thirdly, upper and lower position computers were introduced respectively, including critical modules designs of hardware and software, emphases were placed on design and debugging process of HPI communication between upper position computer and lower position computer, andμC/OS-II version 2.83 porting method on ARM7 hardware platform; experiments and debugging were made for system, then analysis and illustration of HPI communication and upper position computer software system experiment results are shown. Finally, summary of the thesis was made, system improvement direction and optimization expectations in the future were discussed.
引文
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