姚家山矿千米立井井壁稳定性及支护技术研究
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摘要
煤矿深部开采时,立井井筒是连接地面和地下开采空间的重要通道,在整个矿井寿命期对矿山生产具有重要的意义。深立井的支护问题一直是矿井建设中常见的难题,尤其是千米立井的支护问题。本文中研究的姚家山矿煤层埋深达1000米,远景储量埋深超过1300米,目前没有查到对千米深的井筒合理支护参数的研究,本文正是针对千米立井支护进行研究,为将来姚家山矿开采提供理论依据。
本文以姚家山矿副立井为研究对象,采用理论分析、现场实测和数值模拟计算相结合的研究方法,对姚家山矿副立井开挖后围岩应力分布规律、围岩位移规律和合理的井壁参数进行研究,得出的结论主要有：
(1)通过统计分析我国地应力实测资料,得出了地壳浅部应力变化规律,回归出了最大最小水平应力计算公式,为分析姚家山矿应力情况提供了依据。
(2)预测了井筒围岩位移和井壁厚度。通过分析井筒开挖后围岩应力分布规律和计算立井地压,根据围岩与支架相互作用原理,利用井筒衬砌反力与井筒位移的关系式,对井筒围岩位移和井壁厚度进行了预测。
(3)通过对李村矿的地应力现场实测验证了地壳浅部应力回归公式的正确性,根据公式计算了姚家山矿千米深度的应力水平。
(4)提出了姚家山矿副立井合理的支护参数。建立了井筒模型,用三维离散元软件模拟分析了井筒开挖和支护后的围岩位移。对不同支护方案的支护效果进行分析对比,给出了井筒的合理支护参数,并根据理论预测对其做了准确性验证。
Vertical shaft is the important passage connecting the ground and underground mining space during deep mining, which has important significance for mining production of the whole mine period. The support of deep vertical shaft has always been a common problem in the process of mine construction, especially that of kilometer vertical shaft. Coal seam of Yaojiashan mine mentioned in this paper is as deep as one thousand meters and the depth of prospective reserves is more than one thousand and three hundred meters, however, there is no research about reasonable support parameters of kilometer shaft. This paper is aiming at the research of kilometer vertical shaft, which will provide theoretical basis for the mining of Yaojiashan mine in the future.
The assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine was chosen in this paper. Surrounding rock in Shaft excavation, surrounding rocks displacement law and reasonable shaft lining parameters of assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine were studied by combining theoretical analysis, field measurement and numerical simulation calculation. Draw the main conclusion that:
(1) Through statistical analyses on measured results of geostress of our country, concluded shallow crust stress regression change law and maximum and minimum level stress calculation formula, which provided basis for the analysis of stress condition of Yaojiashan mine.
(2) Predicted shaft surrounding rocks displacement and thickness of shaft lining. Through analysising stress distribution of the surrounding rock in shaft excavation and calculating ground pressure of vertical shaft and according to principle of interaction between surrounding rocks and stents, using the relation between the lining reaction force and displacement of shaft to make a prediction of shaft surrounding rocks displacement and thickness of shaft lining.
(3) According to the measurement of geostress of Li village mine, it is proved the accuracy of shallow crust stress regression formula. And we calculated the kilometer deep stress level of Yaojiashan mine.
(4) This paper put forward reasonable support parameters for the assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine. Established the shaft model and three dimensional distinct element simulation analysis for shaft excavation and displacement of surrounding rock after supporting. Reasonable support parameters of shaft have been put forward by analysising the support effect of different support schemes, which have been given accuracy verification according to theoretical prediction.
本文以姚家山矿副立井为研究对象,采用理论分析、现场实测和数值模拟计算相结合的研究方法,对姚家山矿副立井开挖后围岩应力分布规律、围岩位移规律和合理的井壁参数进行研究,得出的结论主要有：
(1)通过统计分析我国地应力实测资料,得出了地壳浅部应力变化规律,回归出了最大最小水平应力计算公式,为分析姚家山矿应力情况提供了依据。
(2)预测了井筒围岩位移和井壁厚度。通过分析井筒开挖后围岩应力分布规律和计算立井地压,根据围岩与支架相互作用原理,利用井筒衬砌反力与井筒位移的关系式,对井筒围岩位移和井壁厚度进行了预测。
(3)通过对李村矿的地应力现场实测验证了地壳浅部应力回归公式的正确性,根据公式计算了姚家山矿千米深度的应力水平。
(4)提出了姚家山矿副立井合理的支护参数。建立了井筒模型,用三维离散元软件模拟分析了井筒开挖和支护后的围岩位移。对不同支护方案的支护效果进行分析对比,给出了井筒的合理支护参数,并根据理论预测对其做了准确性验证。
Vertical shaft is the important passage connecting the ground and underground mining space during deep mining, which has important significance for mining production of the whole mine period. The support of deep vertical shaft has always been a common problem in the process of mine construction, especially that of kilometer vertical shaft. Coal seam of Yaojiashan mine mentioned in this paper is as deep as one thousand meters and the depth of prospective reserves is more than one thousand and three hundred meters, however, there is no research about reasonable support parameters of kilometer shaft. This paper is aiming at the research of kilometer vertical shaft, which will provide theoretical basis for the mining of Yaojiashan mine in the future.
The assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine was chosen in this paper. Surrounding rock in Shaft excavation, surrounding rocks displacement law and reasonable shaft lining parameters of assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine were studied by combining theoretical analysis, field measurement and numerical simulation calculation. Draw the main conclusion that:
(1) Through statistical analyses on measured results of geostress of our country, concluded shallow crust stress regression change law and maximum and minimum level stress calculation formula, which provided basis for the analysis of stress condition of Yaojiashan mine.
(2) Predicted shaft surrounding rocks displacement and thickness of shaft lining. Through analysising stress distribution of the surrounding rock in shaft excavation and calculating ground pressure of vertical shaft and according to principle of interaction between surrounding rocks and stents, using the relation between the lining reaction force and displacement of shaft to make a prediction of shaft surrounding rocks displacement and thickness of shaft lining.
(3) According to the measurement of geostress of Li village mine, it is proved the accuracy of shallow crust stress regression formula. And we calculated the kilometer deep stress level of Yaojiashan mine.
(4) This paper put forward reasonable support parameters for the assistant vertical shaft of Yaojiashan mine. Established the shaft model and three dimensional distinct element simulation analysis for shaft excavation and displacement of surrounding rock after supporting. Reasonable support parameters of shaft have been put forward by analysising the support effect of different support schemes, which have been given accuracy verification according to theoretical prediction.
引文
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