四川乡村旅游发展研究
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摘要
伴随着我国经济的发展和工业化与城市化进程的加快,越来越多的城市问题出现并加剧,为此,人们形象地称为“城市病”,诸如人口急剧增加、资源危机、环境恶化等,这都给城市发展和城市旅游带来不小的负面影响,也严重影响着城市居民的日常生活和旅游方式。于是,不少城市居民开始厌倦拥挤、喧嚣的城市,将目光转向自然环境优美、乡村风情保存完好的乡村地区。乡村地区空间开阔、空气清新、环境优美、乡土文化丰富,可以满足城市游客返璞归真、回归自然的渴望,因此乡村旅游得到了越来越多城市游客的青睐。同时,“十一五”规划将建设社会主义新农村作为现代化进程中的重大历史任务,为了更好的发挥乡村旅游在“社会主义新农村建设”中的优势和作用,国家旅游局把2006年和2007年分别定义为“中国乡村游”和“和谐城乡游”旅游主题年,将旅游发展的重点直指农村。全国各地刮起了一场“乡村游”的旋风,“吃农家饭、住农家屋、学农家活、享农家乐”,不管是登高、娱乐,还是享受蔬果采摘之乐,乡村旅游成了都市人的时尚选择。这一系列政策的出台,为乡村旅游的全面发展提供了强有力的政策支持和广阔的历史舞台,从而掀起了我国乡村旅游发展的新高潮。
在这个大的背景下,四川省乡村旅游活动也迅速发展起来,并成为市民周末、假期休闲旅游的重要目的地,诸如成都郫县的农科新村、华阳镇钓鱼庄、黄龙溪古镇等风景区。然而,四川乡村旅游在迅速发展的同时,也表现出诸多问题,这必将会影响到旅游业今后的深入和持续开展。
本文选取目前热点研究问题之一“乡村旅游”作为研究对象,针对现有关于乡村旅游的研究文章比较多,不过内容上主要集中在乡村旅游的概念、内涵、特点、分类以及乡村旅游的开发上,对于乡村旅游经营模式的研究相对较少的研究现状,通过理论分析,并借鉴国外理论研究和总结前人研究的基础,结合四川省乡村旅游的发展现状和面临问题,提出了相应的解决对策,对积极推进四川乡村旅游的进一步规范化和成型化,对四川省农村“三农”问题的解决和社会主义新农村建设具有重要的意义。
全文共分为五个部分,第一部分前言。这部分首先介绍了文章的研究背景,接着论述了本课题的研究意义和研究现状,最后概述了本文的研究方法与研究结构和创新与不足;第二部分对乡村旅游的基本理论进行探索。这部分对乡村旅游的概念、内容、特点及发展趋势进行了论述,为本课题的研究提供了理论基础;第三部分是对四川乡村旅游发展现状的分析。首先介绍了四川乡村旅游的发展历程和特点,并针对四川乡村旅游发展中存在的问题进行了总结分析,为四川乡村旅游的发展设计做了一个铺垫;第四部分为四川乡村旅游的发展设计。主要从开发原则和利益相关者的合理定位两方面对四川乡村旅游的发展设计进行了分析,并提出了具体的发展策略。
本文的创新点在于既对乡村旅游的基本理论进行了较为全面的概括归纳,形成了较为系统的理论认知,又对四川的乡村旅游情况作了深入调查,对其发展特点和存在问题进行了讨论与分析,并在乡村旅游利益相关者合理定位的基础上提出了促进四川乡村旅游发展的政策建议。?
Along with China's economic development and industrialization and urbanization, more and more cities and aggravate the problem, do this, it vividly called the "urban disease", such as the rapid increase in population, resource crises, environmental degradation and so on It gave urban development and urban tourism does not bring a negative impact on small, severely affecting the daily life of urban residents and tourism. As a result, many urban residents began to weary of crowded, noisy city to look beautiful natural environment, well-preserved village life in rural areas. Rural areas, open space, fresh air and beautiful environment, rich local culture, visitors can meet the city Return to Innocence, the desire to return to nature, the rural tourism has been an increasing number of urban visitors of all ages.
In this background, the rural city of Sichuan tourism also developed rapidly and become members of the public on weekends, holidays, an important destination for leisure travel, such as Chengdu in Pixian County Agricultural Village, the fishing village Huayang Zhen, Huang Longxi town , And other scenic areas. However, Sichuan in the rapid development of rural tourism, but also to show a lot of problems, which are bound to affect the tourism industry in the future to carry out in-depth and sustained.
Through theoretical analysis, and foreign theoretical research and summarize the previous studies on the basis of the combination of rural tourism in Sichuan Province and the development of the current situation facing the problem, the corresponding countermeasures to actively promote tourism in rural Sichuan, further standardized and molding , Sichuan Province on the "three rural" issue and the building of new socialist countryside is of great significance.
This article is divided into five chapters, the first chapter is introduction, the article introduces the research background, the significance of study, research, research methods and research structure as well as papers with the lack of innovation; The second chapter study on rural tourism of the basic theory explored, Including the rural tourism concept, content, features and trends; Chapter III is a analysis on village tourism of Sichuan, introduced Sichuan's village tourism development process, characteristics and problems; The fourth chapter is for the development design of rural tourism in Sichuan , Including the development of principles, stakeholders and the specific location of the reasonable development strategy; The five chapter is Conclusion.
在这个大的背景下,四川省乡村旅游活动也迅速发展起来,并成为市民周末、假期休闲旅游的重要目的地,诸如成都郫县的农科新村、华阳镇钓鱼庄、黄龙溪古镇等风景区。然而,四川乡村旅游在迅速发展的同时,也表现出诸多问题,这必将会影响到旅游业今后的深入和持续开展。
本文选取目前热点研究问题之一“乡村旅游”作为研究对象,针对现有关于乡村旅游的研究文章比较多,不过内容上主要集中在乡村旅游的概念、内涵、特点、分类以及乡村旅游的开发上,对于乡村旅游经营模式的研究相对较少的研究现状,通过理论分析,并借鉴国外理论研究和总结前人研究的基础,结合四川省乡村旅游的发展现状和面临问题,提出了相应的解决对策,对积极推进四川乡村旅游的进一步规范化和成型化,对四川省农村“三农”问题的解决和社会主义新农村建设具有重要的意义。
全文共分为五个部分,第一部分前言。这部分首先介绍了文章的研究背景,接着论述了本课题的研究意义和研究现状,最后概述了本文的研究方法与研究结构和创新与不足;第二部分对乡村旅游的基本理论进行探索。这部分对乡村旅游的概念、内容、特点及发展趋势进行了论述,为本课题的研究提供了理论基础;第三部分是对四川乡村旅游发展现状的分析。首先介绍了四川乡村旅游的发展历程和特点,并针对四川乡村旅游发展中存在的问题进行了总结分析,为四川乡村旅游的发展设计做了一个铺垫;第四部分为四川乡村旅游的发展设计。主要从开发原则和利益相关者的合理定位两方面对四川乡村旅游的发展设计进行了分析,并提出了具体的发展策略。
本文的创新点在于既对乡村旅游的基本理论进行了较为全面的概括归纳,形成了较为系统的理论认知,又对四川的乡村旅游情况作了深入调查,对其发展特点和存在问题进行了讨论与分析,并在乡村旅游利益相关者合理定位的基础上提出了促进四川乡村旅游发展的政策建议。?
Along with China's economic development and industrialization and urbanization, more and more cities and aggravate the problem, do this, it vividly called the "urban disease", such as the rapid increase in population, resource crises, environmental degradation and so on It gave urban development and urban tourism does not bring a negative impact on small, severely affecting the daily life of urban residents and tourism. As a result, many urban residents began to weary of crowded, noisy city to look beautiful natural environment, well-preserved village life in rural areas. Rural areas, open space, fresh air and beautiful environment, rich local culture, visitors can meet the city Return to Innocence, the desire to return to nature, the rural tourism has been an increasing number of urban visitors of all ages.
In this background, the rural city of Sichuan tourism also developed rapidly and become members of the public on weekends, holidays, an important destination for leisure travel, such as Chengdu in Pixian County Agricultural Village, the fishing village Huayang Zhen, Huang Longxi town , And other scenic areas. However, Sichuan in the rapid development of rural tourism, but also to show a lot of problems, which are bound to affect the tourism industry in the future to carry out in-depth and sustained.
Through theoretical analysis, and foreign theoretical research and summarize the previous studies on the basis of the combination of rural tourism in Sichuan Province and the development of the current situation facing the problem, the corresponding countermeasures to actively promote tourism in rural Sichuan, further standardized and molding , Sichuan Province on the "three rural" issue and the building of new socialist countryside is of great significance.
This article is divided into five chapters, the first chapter is introduction, the article introduces the research background, the significance of study, research, research methods and research structure as well as papers with the lack of innovation; The second chapter study on rural tourism of the basic theory explored, Including the rural tourism concept, content, features and trends; Chapter III is a analysis on village tourism of Sichuan, introduced Sichuan's village tourism development process, characteristics and problems; The fourth chapter is for the development design of rural tourism in Sichuan , Including the development of principles, stakeholders and the specific location of the reasonable development strategy; The five chapter is Conclusion.
引文
1 Ryan. Equity, management, power sharing and sustainability issues of the "new tourism" [J],Tourism management,2002(1)
2 Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
3张朋,论乡村旅游的可持续发展[J],黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2005(1)
4胡卫华,王庆,“农家乐”旅游的现状与开发方向[J],桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2002(3)
5王云才,国际乡村旅游发展的政策经验与借鉴[J],旅游学刊,2002(4)
6徐茜,成都乡村旅游发展模式的调查与思考[J],成都大学学报,2007 (1)
7文军,唐代剑,乡村旅游开发研究[J],农业经济,2003(10)?
8陆军,加强城乡旅游协调发展[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
9朱华,乡村旅游利益主体研究[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
10邹统钎,乡村旅游发展中的围城效应与对策[J],旅游学刊,2006(03)
11 [美]约瑟夫·派恩,詹姆斯·吉尔摩,体验经济[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002
12 Ahn B,Bongkoo,Shafer C.S. Operational tourism planning:anapplication of the limits of acceptable change framework [J],Tourism management,2002 (1):
13杨达源等编著,乡村旅游开发理论和实践[M],南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2005(10)
14尹振华,邱海蓉,开发我国乡村旅游的新思路[J],旅游学刊,2004(5)
15何景明,农家乐发展中政府的缺位与越位[J],旅游学刊,2006(3)
16李学东,郭焕成,西南地区观光农业发展与经营特点初探——以成都市龙泉释区“农家乐”为例[J], 经济地理,2001(3)
17 Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
18 Clarke,J. 1996,Farm tourism[J],Insights, January D(8)
19 [美]弗雷德·波塞尔曼等著,陈烨等译,弯路的代价:世界旅游业回眸[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003(10)
[1] Ryan. Equity, management, power sharing and sustainability issues of the "new tourism" [J],Tourism management,2002(1)
[2] Fleischer A,Felsenstein D,Support for ruraltoueism[J],Annals of tourism research,2000(4)
[3]张朋,论乡村旅游的可持续发展[J],黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2005(1)
[4]胡卫华,王庆,“农家乐”旅游的现状与开发方向[J],桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2002(3)
[5]王云才,国际乡村旅游发展的政策经验与借鉴[J],旅游学刊,2002(4)
[6]徐茜,成都乡村旅游发展模式的调查与思考[J],成都大学学报,2007 (1)
[7]文军,唐代剑,乡村旅游开发研究[J],农业经济,2003(10)
[8]陆军,加强城乡旅游协调发展[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
[9]朱华,乡村旅游利益主体研究[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
[10]邹统钎,乡村旅游发展中的围城效应与对策[J],旅游学刊,2006(03)
[11] [美]约瑟夫·派恩,詹姆斯·吉尔摩,体验经济[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[12] Ahn B,Bongkoo,Shafer C.S. Operational tourism planning: anapplication of the limits of acceptable change framework [J],Tourism management,2002 (1)
[13]杨达源等编著,乡村旅游开发理论和实践[M],南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2005(10)
[14]尹振华,邱海蓉,开发我国乡村旅游的新思路[J],旅游学刊,2004(5)
[15]何景明,农家乐发展中政府的缺位与越位[J],旅游学刊,2006(3)
[16]李学东,郭焕成,西南地区观光农业发展与经营特点初探——以成都市龙泉释区“农家乐”为例[J],经济地理,2001(3)
[17] Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
[18] Clarke,J. 1996,Farm tourism[J],Insights, January D(8)
[19][美]弗雷德·波塞尔曼等著,陈烨等译,弯路的代价:世界旅游业回眸[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003(10)
[20] Bramwell B,Lane B,Rural tourism and sustainable rural development [M],UK: Channel View Publications, 1994.
2 Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
3张朋,论乡村旅游的可持续发展[J],黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2005(1)
4胡卫华,王庆,“农家乐”旅游的现状与开发方向[J],桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2002(3)
5王云才,国际乡村旅游发展的政策经验与借鉴[J],旅游学刊,2002(4)
6徐茜,成都乡村旅游发展模式的调查与思考[J],成都大学学报,2007 (1)
7文军,唐代剑,乡村旅游开发研究[J],农业经济,2003(10)?
8陆军,加强城乡旅游协调发展[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
9朱华,乡村旅游利益主体研究[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
10邹统钎,乡村旅游发展中的围城效应与对策[J],旅游学刊,2006(03)
11 [美]约瑟夫·派恩,詹姆斯·吉尔摩,体验经济[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002
12 Ahn B,Bongkoo,Shafer C.S. Operational tourism planning:anapplication of the limits of acceptable change framework [J],Tourism management,2002 (1):
13杨达源等编著,乡村旅游开发理论和实践[M],南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2005(10)
14尹振华,邱海蓉,开发我国乡村旅游的新思路[J],旅游学刊,2004(5)
15何景明,农家乐发展中政府的缺位与越位[J],旅游学刊,2006(3)
16李学东,郭焕成,西南地区观光农业发展与经营特点初探——以成都市龙泉释区“农家乐”为例[J], 经济地理,2001(3)
17 Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
18 Clarke,J. 1996,Farm tourism[J],Insights, January D(8)
19 [美]弗雷德·波塞尔曼等著,陈烨等译,弯路的代价:世界旅游业回眸[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003(10)
[1] Ryan. Equity, management, power sharing and sustainability issues of the "new tourism" [J],Tourism management,2002(1)
[2] Fleischer A,Felsenstein D,Support for ruraltoueism[J],Annals of tourism research,2000(4)
[3]张朋,论乡村旅游的可持续发展[J],黔东南民族师范高等专科学校学报,2005(1)
[4]胡卫华,王庆,“农家乐”旅游的现状与开发方向[J],桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2002(3)
[5]王云才,国际乡村旅游发展的政策经验与借鉴[J],旅游学刊,2002(4)
[6]徐茜,成都乡村旅游发展模式的调查与思考[J],成都大学学报,2007 (1)
[7]文军,唐代剑,乡村旅游开发研究[J],农业经济,2003(10)
[8]陆军,加强城乡旅游协调发展[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
[9]朱华,乡村旅游利益主体研究[J],旅游学刊,2006(05)
[10]邹统钎,乡村旅游发展中的围城效应与对策[J],旅游学刊,2006(03)
[11] [美]约瑟夫·派恩,詹姆斯·吉尔摩,体验经济[M],北京:机械工业出版社,2002
[12] Ahn B,Bongkoo,Shafer C.S. Operational tourism planning: anapplication of the limits of acceptable change framework [J],Tourism management,2002 (1)
[13]杨达源等编著,乡村旅游开发理论和实践[M],南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2005(10)
[14]尹振华,邱海蓉,开发我国乡村旅游的新思路[J],旅游学刊,2004(5)
[15]何景明,农家乐发展中政府的缺位与越位[J],旅游学刊,2006(3)
[16]李学东,郭焕成,西南地区观光农业发展与经营特点初探——以成都市龙泉释区“农家乐”为例[J],经济地理,2001(3)
[17] Per Ake Nilsson, Staying on farms- An ideological background [J],Annals of Tourism research,2002(1)
[18] Clarke,J. 1996,Farm tourism[J],Insights, January D(8)
[19][美]弗雷德·波塞尔曼等著,陈烨等译,弯路的代价:世界旅游业回眸[M],北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003(10)
[20] Bramwell B,Lane B,Rural tourism and sustainable rural development [M],UK: Channel View Publications, 1994.