基于组态化工控网络的散货装卸控制仿真系统的设计与开发
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摘要
论文以船舶到港为边界，构建专业化散货码头装卸自动化系统半实物性仿真模型的功能和结构，以集成于工控网络中的工控机虚拟生成各种装卸设备模型；在监控工作站组态软件平台上仿真监控、中控操作管理；以PLC控制设备，动态仿真散货码头内的全部作业过程，提出了基于组态化工控网络的散货装卸控制仿真系统的概念。
这种仿真系统建立在先进可靠的、实时性很强的工控网络硬件平台之上；性能卓越、可视化的程序开发软件能进行逼真的设备仿真；组态化工控软件提供了包括实时在线监控，实时数据采集、存储、查询、统计、报表打印，故障报警及记录等在内的各种强大功能。从而使散货港口装卸自动化控制系统的仿真更加接近实际。
论文第一章主要概述了散货港口装卸自动化系统仿真的技术背景。
论文第二章在分析典型散货码头的装卸工艺流程及其控制系统构成的基础上，介绍了港口自动化仿真实验室的自动化控制系统的网络结构及软硬件配置。
论文第三章深入分析了建立仿真系统需要解决的关键问题。包括系统控制模型；仿真实时性问题；I／O端口复用问题等。
论文第四章建立散货装卸控制系统仿真的数学模型。各模型变量的运算关系式和关联逻辑的解算，为编写设备仿真应用程序、PLC控制程序、监控工作站仿真程序提供了理论支持。
论文第五章对仿真系统具体实现作了深入讨论。先提出仿真架构，后对I／O接口通信程序；设备仿真程序；PLC仿真控制程序以及触摸屏程序；还有监控工作站仿真程序的设计作出详细描述。
论文第六章是对项目研究的总结，并提出了前瞻性设想。
This paper introduces the simulation, which starts when the ship reaches the port. It establishes the function and structure of a computer-simulation model, which is important to simulate loading and unloading control system for a specialized bulk cargo. This system first simulates various kinds of loading and unloading equipment via computer, which is integrated into ICN (industrial control network) , at the same time it simulates central control operation and management via configurable software on the workstation, and controls equipment with PLC (programmable logic controller), all the work course in the bulk cargo quay is simulated dynamically.
The ICN-based simulation system of loading and unloading control equipment has been established via advanced, reliable and strong real-time character hardware. The visual development software has remarkable performance, and can carry on lifelike equipment simulation. The CIC (configurable industrial control) -software provide various kinds of powerful functions, such as real-time online monitor, real-time data acquisition, storing, inquiry, statistics, typing report form, alarm logging and recording , and so on. Thus the simulation of loading and unload automatic control system of bulk cargo comes close to reality.
Chapter one summarize the technological background of the simulation, which bases on the automatic loading and unloading system of bulk cargo.
Chapter two of paper first introduces the craft flow of the bulk cargo, the composing of a loading and unloading control system. Then it introduces the network structure of the automatic control systems, soft and hardware disposition of the automatic simulation laboratory of port.
In chapter three, the paper deeply analyses the key problem which is solved in setting up the simulation system. It includes control models of the simulation system. Real-time character and I/O port which is dual-used have also been discussed here.
The paper first sets up the simulation mathematics model of a bulk cargo control system in chapter four. The relation equation and logic of every model variable is calculated, which offers theory support for the simulation application program of the equipment, PLC control program, and simulation program of the monitor work-station.
Chapter five of paper deeply discusses the simulation system. It first introduces the frame of the simulation, then describe in detail about communication program of I/O interface, PLC control program, touch-sensitive screen program, and program of the monitor work-station.
Chapter six of paper summarizes the study of the project, propose the perspective imagination.
这种仿真系统建立在先进可靠的、实时性很强的工控网络硬件平台之上；性能卓越、可视化的程序开发软件能进行逼真的设备仿真；组态化工控软件提供了包括实时在线监控，实时数据采集、存储、查询、统计、报表打印，故障报警及记录等在内的各种强大功能。从而使散货港口装卸自动化控制系统的仿真更加接近实际。
论文第一章主要概述了散货港口装卸自动化系统仿真的技术背景。
论文第二章在分析典型散货码头的装卸工艺流程及其控制系统构成的基础上，介绍了港口自动化仿真实验室的自动化控制系统的网络结构及软硬件配置。
论文第三章深入分析了建立仿真系统需要解决的关键问题。包括系统控制模型；仿真实时性问题；I／O端口复用问题等。
论文第四章建立散货装卸控制系统仿真的数学模型。各模型变量的运算关系式和关联逻辑的解算，为编写设备仿真应用程序、PLC控制程序、监控工作站仿真程序提供了理论支持。
论文第五章对仿真系统具体实现作了深入讨论。先提出仿真架构，后对I／O接口通信程序；设备仿真程序；PLC仿真控制程序以及触摸屏程序；还有监控工作站仿真程序的设计作出详细描述。
论文第六章是对项目研究的总结，并提出了前瞻性设想。
This paper introduces the simulation, which starts when the ship reaches the port. It establishes the function and structure of a computer-simulation model, which is important to simulate loading and unloading control system for a specialized bulk cargo. This system first simulates various kinds of loading and unloading equipment via computer, which is integrated into ICN (industrial control network) , at the same time it simulates central control operation and management via configurable software on the workstation, and controls equipment with PLC (programmable logic controller), all the work course in the bulk cargo quay is simulated dynamically.
The ICN-based simulation system of loading and unloading control equipment has been established via advanced, reliable and strong real-time character hardware. The visual development software has remarkable performance, and can carry on lifelike equipment simulation. The CIC (configurable industrial control) -software provide various kinds of powerful functions, such as real-time online monitor, real-time data acquisition, storing, inquiry, statistics, typing report form, alarm logging and recording , and so on. Thus the simulation of loading and unload automatic control system of bulk cargo comes close to reality.
Chapter one summarize the technological background of the simulation, which bases on the automatic loading and unloading system of bulk cargo.
Chapter two of paper first introduces the craft flow of the bulk cargo, the composing of a loading and unloading control system. Then it introduces the network structure of the automatic control systems, soft and hardware disposition of the automatic simulation laboratory of port.
In chapter three, the paper deeply analyses the key problem which is solved in setting up the simulation system. It includes control models of the simulation system. Real-time character and I/O port which is dual-used have also been discussed here.
The paper first sets up the simulation mathematics model of a bulk cargo control system in chapter four. The relation equation and logic of every model variable is calculated, which offers theory support for the simulation application program of the equipment, PLC control program, and simulation program of the monitor work-station.
Chapter five of paper deeply discusses the simulation system. It first introduces the frame of the simulation, then describe in detail about communication program of I/O interface, PLC control program, touch-sensitive screen program, and program of the monitor work-station.
Chapter six of paper summarizes the study of the project, propose the perspective imagination.
引文
1．贾大山．我国沿海运输需求结构变化与预测分析．中国水运，2000，第3期
2．肖田元等．系统仿真导论．清华大学出版社．2000
3．彭传圣．散货码头计算机动画模拟研究．港口装卸，2001，第1期
4. Michael R. Nevins, Charles M. Macal, Richard J. Love, Mark J. Bragen. Simulation, Animation and Visualization of Seaport Operation. Simulation. 1998, Vol. 71, No. 2.
5. M. Weiss, M. Thomet, F. Mostoufi. Interactive Simulation Model for Bulk Shipping Terminal. Bulk Solids Handing. 1999, Vol.19, No. 1.
6．杨立．自动控制与仿真技术．北京：水利水电出版社 2003
7．余洲生 编．港口装卸机械(第二版)．北京：人民交通出版社 1993
8．David J．Kruglinski．Visum C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)北京希望电子出版社 1999
9．厉泽逸，李梅珍等．三峡工程库区散货码头装卸工艺设计．人民长江 2003 (1)
10．彭传圣．港口计算机模拟技术应用与模拟语言的发展．港工技术．1999(1)
11．苏弘，周波，李小刚等．一种低噪声快电荷灵敏前置放大器的研制．核电子学与探测技术，2003，3
12．王芝英．核电子技术原理．北京：原子能出版社．1989，35
13．钟传杰等．核子秤非实物标定方法的研究．计量技术，1994．8
14．杨兴曼．散粮码头系统计算机仿真研究．港口装卸，1991(4)
15．罗德隅．集装箱码头装卸系统的模拟研究．港口科技动态，1992(12)
16．王鹏．杏红武．港口系统的仿真研究．港工技术，1995(4)
17．王精勇．港口建设规模的确定．港工技术，1993(1—3)
18. D. H. NR5, B. ARadomske, G. S. Manocha. Recent Advances in Simulation Models for Bulk Terminal Design, bulk solids handling, 1993, Vol. 13 NO. 1
19．阳宪惠．现场总线控制系统及应用．北京：清华大学出版杜，1999．
20. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus &As-Interface Siemens AG. 2000. 5—32
21. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus And Training Siemens AG. 2001. U43
22. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus Technical Description Version Siemens
AG．2001．23—55
23．蒋蔚孙，叶银忠．多变量控制系统分析与设计．北京：中国石化出版社，1997
24．顾伟，褚建新．基于故障统计模型的可修系统维修周期预测法．机械强度，Vol．22 No．1 March 2000
25．王常力．集散型控制系统的设计与应用．清华大学出版社．1993年6月
26．吴志远，邵惠鹤，张莹．基于集散网络结构的PLC控制系统及其应用．自动化仪表，1998．10
27．郑叶飞．基于模型的集散系统智能化容错控制——华能姚港输煤控制系统的研究与开发．硕士学位论文．2000．6
28. SIMTIC NET introduction to PROFIBUS on industrial PC SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft
29．蔡海鹰．散货码头集散控制系统的容错控制——径向基函数神经网络的应用研究．硕士学位论文．2001．12
30. Logic Developer - PLC PLC编程 Version 4.00 GE FANUC Dec. 2003
31. GP-PRO/PBⅢ for Windows V3.0 Digital Electronics Corporation
32．Wonderware FactorySuite InTouch用户指南(修订版) Wonderware Corporation 2001．6
33．陈伯时．电力拖动自动控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社．2000．6
34．胡寿松．自动控制原理(第四版)．北京：科学出版社．2001
35．彭传圣．国外港口计算机模拟技术的发展．港口装卸，1998(1)
36．吴重光．仿真技术．北京：化学工业出版社．2000．5
37．余洲生．港口装卸机械．北京：人民交通出版社
38．周鹗，电机学．北京：中国电力出版社，1995．5
39．王宁．PLC程控系统的程序调试．电子与自动化，1999(6)：50-52
40．孙国正．21世纪的港口，技术与装备．港口博览，2000(2)：52-53
41．雷霖．PLC通信技术极其应用研究．自动化与仪器仪表，1999(5)：25-27
42．陈坚．交流电机数学模型及调速系统[M]．北京：国防工业出版社．1991
43. Cordon Zonail: Bulk Materials Handling Terminals Innovation and Evolution Continue, Sth International Bulk Congress Singapore, 1996
44．颜明重．使用灵活的散货装卸船．海运情报，2002(4)：24
45．顾战松．可编程控制器原理与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1995
46．马国华．监控组态软件及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2001
47．刘广，邢建春．计算机与PLC通信中的数据处理．工业控制计算机，2003．2
48. Wonderware FactorySuite System Adiministrator's Guide. Revised D. July 1999
49. Wonderware FactorySuite Internet Connectivity Guide. Revised A. July 1999
50. Wonderware FactorySuite NetDDE for the Microsoft Windows Operating System. Revised B. July 1999
51. Wonderware GE Fanuc Host Communications(HCS)I/O Server. Revised E Dec 2001
52. GE Fanuc Host Communications(HCS) Help.
2．肖田元等．系统仿真导论．清华大学出版社．2000
3．彭传圣．散货码头计算机动画模拟研究．港口装卸，2001，第1期
4. Michael R. Nevins, Charles M. Macal, Richard J. Love, Mark J. Bragen. Simulation, Animation and Visualization of Seaport Operation. Simulation. 1998, Vol. 71, No. 2.
5. M. Weiss, M. Thomet, F. Mostoufi. Interactive Simulation Model for Bulk Shipping Terminal. Bulk Solids Handing. 1999, Vol.19, No. 1.
6．杨立．自动控制与仿真技术．北京：水利水电出版社 2003
7．余洲生 编．港口装卸机械(第二版)．北京：人民交通出版社 1993
8．David J．Kruglinski．Visum C++6.0技术内幕(第五版)北京希望电子出版社 1999
9．厉泽逸，李梅珍等．三峡工程库区散货码头装卸工艺设计．人民长江 2003 (1)
10．彭传圣．港口计算机模拟技术应用与模拟语言的发展．港工技术．1999(1)
11．苏弘，周波，李小刚等．一种低噪声快电荷灵敏前置放大器的研制．核电子学与探测技术，2003，3
12．王芝英．核电子技术原理．北京：原子能出版社．1989，35
13．钟传杰等．核子秤非实物标定方法的研究．计量技术，1994．8
14．杨兴曼．散粮码头系统计算机仿真研究．港口装卸，1991(4)
15．罗德隅．集装箱码头装卸系统的模拟研究．港口科技动态，1992(12)
16．王鹏．杏红武．港口系统的仿真研究．港工技术，1995(4)
17．王精勇．港口建设规模的确定．港工技术，1993(1—3)
18. D. H. NR5, B. ARadomske, G. S. Manocha. Recent Advances in Simulation Models for Bulk Terminal Design, bulk solids handling, 1993, Vol. 13 NO. 1
19．阳宪惠．现场总线控制系统及应用．北京：清华大学出版杜，1999．
20. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus &As-Interface Siemens AG. 2000. 5—32
21. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus And Training Siemens AG. 2001. U43
22. [德]Siemens AG. Profibus Technical Description Version Siemens
AG．2001．23—55
23．蒋蔚孙，叶银忠．多变量控制系统分析与设计．北京：中国石化出版社，1997
24．顾伟，褚建新．基于故障统计模型的可修系统维修周期预测法．机械强度，Vol．22 No．1 March 2000
25．王常力．集散型控制系统的设计与应用．清华大学出版社．1993年6月
26．吴志远，邵惠鹤，张莹．基于集散网络结构的PLC控制系统及其应用．自动化仪表，1998．10
27．郑叶飞．基于模型的集散系统智能化容错控制——华能姚港输煤控制系统的研究与开发．硕士学位论文．2000．6
28. SIMTIC NET introduction to PROFIBUS on industrial PC SIEMENS Aktiengesellschaft
29．蔡海鹰．散货码头集散控制系统的容错控制——径向基函数神经网络的应用研究．硕士学位论文．2001．12
30. Logic Developer - PLC PLC编程 Version 4.00 GE FANUC Dec. 2003
31. GP-PRO/PBⅢ for Windows V3.0 Digital Electronics Corporation
32．Wonderware FactorySuite InTouch用户指南(修订版) Wonderware Corporation 2001．6
33．陈伯时．电力拖动自动控制系统．北京：机械工业出版社．2000．6
34．胡寿松．自动控制原理(第四版)．北京：科学出版社．2001
35．彭传圣．国外港口计算机模拟技术的发展．港口装卸，1998(1)
36．吴重光．仿真技术．北京：化学工业出版社．2000．5
37．余洲生．港口装卸机械．北京：人民交通出版社
38．周鹗，电机学．北京：中国电力出版社，1995．5
39．王宁．PLC程控系统的程序调试．电子与自动化，1999(6)：50-52
40．孙国正．21世纪的港口，技术与装备．港口博览，2000(2)：52-53
41．雷霖．PLC通信技术极其应用研究．自动化与仪器仪表，1999(5)：25-27
42．陈坚．交流电机数学模型及调速系统[M]．北京：国防工业出版社．1991
43. Cordon Zonail: Bulk Materials Handling Terminals Innovation and Evolution Continue, Sth International Bulk Congress Singapore, 1996
44．颜明重．使用灵活的散货装卸船．海运情报，2002(4)：24
45．顾战松．可编程控制器原理与应用．北京：电子工业出版社，1995
46．马国华．监控组态软件及其应用．北京：清华大学出版社，2001
47．刘广，邢建春．计算机与PLC通信中的数据处理．工业控制计算机，2003．2
48. Wonderware FactorySuite System Adiministrator's Guide. Revised D. July 1999
49. Wonderware FactorySuite Internet Connectivity Guide. Revised A. July 1999
50. Wonderware FactorySuite NetDDE for the Microsoft Windows Operating System. Revised B. July 1999
51. Wonderware GE Fanuc Host Communications(HCS)I/O Server. Revised E Dec 2001
52. GE Fanuc Host Communications(HCS) Help.