BOOST转换器系统建模及其稳定性的研究
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摘要
在许多便携式的电子设备中,都是采用锂电池对电路供电。单节锂电池的标准输入电压为3.6V,而往往很多便携式电子设备要求的电压值比这个高,比如手机的彩色LCD显示、PDA和数字照相机等的光源。为了不增加电池的数量,同时满足便携式电子产品的高输入电压的要求,BOOST转换器是一个很好的选择。
然而,国内对BOOST转换器系统及其稳定性的研究仅仅限于反向或者是SPEC级,很少从系统模型的角度去研究。本文的目的就是从模型的角度来研究来BOOST转换器系统及其稳定性,并对现有稳定技术进行改进,同时给出仿真验证。
本文主体部分,首先介绍了建模方法及评价系统稳定的频域性能指标,然后利用建模方法给BOOST转换器的主电路建立模型,包括稳态和交流小信号。接下来对控制模式进行介绍,并对电压模式PWM控制环路给予建模,同时给出每个部分传递函数的详细推导过程。在此基础上,对采用电压模式PWM控制环路的BOOST转换器系统在频域中进行稳定性分析,并对现有稳定方法提出改进。最后,在设定好BOOST转换器系统参数的前提下,用matlab对改进方法进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明该方法对系统有很好的稳定效果。
In many types of portable electronic equipment, lithium batteries are used for power supply circuits. Input voltage of single standard lithium battery is 3.6V, and portable electronic devices are often worth more than the high-voltage requirements, such as color LCD display of mobile phone, PDA, and the lights of digital cameras. In order not to increase the number of batteries, and to meet the demands of high input voltage of portable electronic products, BOOST converter is a good option.
However, the research of BOOST converter system and its’system stability in our country is confined to reverse or SPEC level, rarely from the research and design of system. The purpose of this paper is to research stability for BOOST converter from the point of view of model, improve the existing methods of stability and give simulation.
In this paper, firstly, the modeling method and design specifications of control loop are introduced. Secondly, the method is used to construct the model of BOOST converter, including steady-state and small signal. Next, different control mode is proposed, and the model of voltage mode PWM control loop is constructed, also makes a detailed analysis of every part’s transform function for this loop. On this basis, system stability of BOOST converter using voltage mode PWM loop is analyzed and improved method is also proposed in frequency zone. Finally, sets system parameters of BOOST converter, and simulates the proposed method. The simulation results with matlab show that this method has good stability for system loop.
然而,国内对BOOST转换器系统及其稳定性的研究仅仅限于反向或者是SPEC级,很少从系统模型的角度去研究。本文的目的就是从模型的角度来研究来BOOST转换器系统及其稳定性,并对现有稳定技术进行改进,同时给出仿真验证。
本文主体部分,首先介绍了建模方法及评价系统稳定的频域性能指标,然后利用建模方法给BOOST转换器的主电路建立模型,包括稳态和交流小信号。接下来对控制模式进行介绍,并对电压模式PWM控制环路给予建模,同时给出每个部分传递函数的详细推导过程。在此基础上,对采用电压模式PWM控制环路的BOOST转换器系统在频域中进行稳定性分析,并对现有稳定方法提出改进。最后,在设定好BOOST转换器系统参数的前提下,用matlab对改进方法进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明该方法对系统有很好的稳定效果。
In many types of portable electronic equipment, lithium batteries are used for power supply circuits. Input voltage of single standard lithium battery is 3.6V, and portable electronic devices are often worth more than the high-voltage requirements, such as color LCD display of mobile phone, PDA, and the lights of digital cameras. In order not to increase the number of batteries, and to meet the demands of high input voltage of portable electronic products, BOOST converter is a good option.
However, the research of BOOST converter system and its’system stability in our country is confined to reverse or SPEC level, rarely from the research and design of system. The purpose of this paper is to research stability for BOOST converter from the point of view of model, improve the existing methods of stability and give simulation.
In this paper, firstly, the modeling method and design specifications of control loop are introduced. Secondly, the method is used to construct the model of BOOST converter, including steady-state and small signal. Next, different control mode is proposed, and the model of voltage mode PWM control loop is constructed, also makes a detailed analysis of every part’s transform function for this loop. On this basis, system stability of BOOST converter using voltage mode PWM loop is analyzed and improved method is also proposed in frequency zone. Finally, sets system parameters of BOOST converter, and simulates the proposed method. The simulation results with matlab show that this method has good stability for system loop.
引文
[1]陈一清.中国通信电源市场的回顾与展望.中国电源学会通讯,2000,3:129-130
[2]蔡尚峰.自动控制理论(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,1980:120-121
[3]蔡尚峰.自动控制理论(下册).北京:机械工业出版社,1980:110-111
[4]蔡宣三.开关电源的频域分析与综合(I).电源世界,2002,10(5):25-27
[5]杨自厚.自动控制原理.北京:冶金工业出版社,1990:21-23
[6]刘祖润.自动控制原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1998:99-92
[7] B Y Kamath, R G. Meyer, P R Gray. Relationship between frequency response and settling time of operational amplifiers. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 1974:347-352
[8] National Semiconductor Corporation. Quasi-Feedforward PWM Modulator. USA, patent, 6930526, 2005.
[9] Robert W Erickson, Dragan Maksimovic. Fundamentals of Power Electronics (Second Edition). Kluwer Academic Publishers,2001: 90-100
[10] Unitrode Application Note(U-97). Modeling Analysis and Compensation of the current-model converter. Unitrode : Handbook, 1993:55-59
[11] (英) Marty Brown著.徐德鸿、沈旭译.开关电源设计指南(第二版).北京:机械工业出版社,2004:150-160
[12] Cuks, Middlebrook. A general unified approach to modeling switching DC-DC converter in discontinuous condition mode [J]. IEEE PESC Rec, 1977:36-57
[13] WU T F, CHEN Y K. Modeling PWM DC/DC converters out of basic converter units [J]. IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, 1998, 10(6):870-881
[14]陈光明.升压式DC-DC电源管理集成电路设计:[硕士论文].上海大学,2004
[15] D Hilbiber. A New Semiconductor Voltage Standard. ISSCC Dig of Tech. Papers, 1964, 10(7):32-33
[16]张卫平编著.开关变换器的建模与控制.北京:中国电力出版社,2006:140-160
[17] So W C , Tse C K, Lee Y S. A fuzzy controller for DC/DC converters. 25th Annual IEEE PESC‘94 Record [C]119941 31523201
[18]蔡宣三.双环控制的开关电源系统瞬态建模—功率守恒法.电源世界,2002年第12期: 120-125
[19]吴兆磷编著.电子电力电路中的计算机仿真技术.浙江:浙江大学出版社,1998:47-65
[20]陈建业编著.电子电力电路中的计算机仿真技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:150-165
[21] V Vorperian, S Cuk. Small-signal analysis of resonant converters. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists,Conf. Rec. 1983:269-282
[22]欧阳长莲. DC-DC开关变换器的建模分析与研究:[博士论文].南京航空航天大学, 2004
[23]华伟.通信开关电源的五种PWM反馈控制模式研究.通信电源技术,2001,6(2):8-12
[24] S S Kellar, F C Lee. A Novel Input Filter Compensation Scheme for Switching Regulators. IEEE PESC 82, 2003:36-57
[25] G. C Verghese, M E Elbuluk, J C Kassakian. A General Approach to Sampled-data Modeling for Power Electronic Circuits. IEEE PESC 84, 2001:45-48
[26] P Maranesl, L PinolaV, Varoll. The Incremental Voltage Control Mode for PWM Regulators. IEEE PESC 88, 2002:99-103
[27] M Clique , A J Fossard. A General Model for Switching Converters. IEEE Trans,on Aerospace and Electronic System,1977, 2004:80-85
[28]昌建军.单相Boost功率因素校正技术研究:[硕士论文].南京航空航天大学,2004
[29]朱成花,严仰光. BOOST转换器恒功率负载时动态性能分析.南京航空航天大学学报,2005,37(1):20-24
[30]陈斌,张波. BOOST变换器中一种新型控制策略.开关电源技术,2000,8:1-4
[31]王竸雄,王斌. BOOST升压变换器平均电流控制模式的仿真.三峡大学学报,2005,27(6): 514-518
[32]蔡丽娟,胡德成.基于微分动力学的BOOST变换器稳定性分析.华南理工大学学报,2006,34(10):77-82
[33]石季英,杨亮.软开关BOOST变换器的精确数学模型与混沌仿真.计算机仿真,2003,20(10):35-38
[34]温伟刚,魏学业.电流型反馈BOOST变换器的稳定性及分岔研究.北方交通大学学报,2003,27(6):17-21
[35]张波,瞿颖.电压反馈型BOOST变换器DCM的精确离散映象及其分岔和混沌现象.电工技术学报,2002,17(3):43-47
[36]穆新华,王俊.两级结构宽输出电压范围的功率因素校正器的稳定性分析和设计.南京航空航天大学学报,2004,36(5):615-618
[37] Barry Arbetter,Dragan Maksimovic. Feedforward Pulse Width Modulators for Switching Power Converters. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.12,NO.2,March 1997: 45-60
[38]黄明明.峰值电流控制法降低DC/DC Boost型变换器EMI水平研究:[硕士论文].郑州大学,2004
[39]郑朝霞,邹雪城,邵柯.电流型PWM DC-DC升压转换器的稳定性分析与实现.微电子学与计算机,2006,23(6):229-232
[40]陈雨霞.开关电源最优设计技术研究:[硕士论文].浙江大学,2004
[2]蔡尚峰.自动控制理论(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,1980:120-121
[3]蔡尚峰.自动控制理论(下册).北京:机械工业出版社,1980:110-111
[4]蔡宣三.开关电源的频域分析与综合(I).电源世界,2002,10(5):25-27
[5]杨自厚.自动控制原理.北京:冶金工业出版社,1990:21-23
[6]刘祖润.自动控制原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1998:99-92
[7] B Y Kamath, R G. Meyer, P R Gray. Relationship between frequency response and settling time of operational amplifiers. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 1974:347-352
[8] National Semiconductor Corporation. Quasi-Feedforward PWM Modulator. USA, patent, 6930526, 2005.
[9] Robert W Erickson, Dragan Maksimovic. Fundamentals of Power Electronics (Second Edition). Kluwer Academic Publishers,2001: 90-100
[10] Unitrode Application Note(U-97). Modeling Analysis and Compensation of the current-model converter. Unitrode : Handbook, 1993:55-59
[11] (英) Marty Brown著.徐德鸿、沈旭译.开关电源设计指南(第二版).北京:机械工业出版社,2004:150-160
[12] Cuks, Middlebrook. A general unified approach to modeling switching DC-DC converter in discontinuous condition mode [J]. IEEE PESC Rec, 1977:36-57
[13] WU T F, CHEN Y K. Modeling PWM DC/DC converters out of basic converter units [J]. IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, 1998, 10(6):870-881
[14]陈光明.升压式DC-DC电源管理集成电路设计:[硕士论文].上海大学,2004
[15] D Hilbiber. A New Semiconductor Voltage Standard. ISSCC Dig of Tech. Papers, 1964, 10(7):32-33
[16]张卫平编著.开关变换器的建模与控制.北京:中国电力出版社,2006:140-160
[17] So W C , Tse C K, Lee Y S. A fuzzy controller for DC/DC converters. 25th Annual IEEE PESC‘94 Record [C]119941 31523201
[18]蔡宣三.双环控制的开关电源系统瞬态建模—功率守恒法.电源世界,2002年第12期: 120-125
[19]吴兆磷编著.电子电力电路中的计算机仿真技术.浙江:浙江大学出版社,1998:47-65
[20]陈建业编著.电子电力电路中的计算机仿真技术.北京:清华大学出版社,2003:150-165
[21] V Vorperian, S Cuk. Small-signal analysis of resonant converters. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists,Conf. Rec. 1983:269-282
[22]欧阳长莲. DC-DC开关变换器的建模分析与研究:[博士论文].南京航空航天大学, 2004
[23]华伟.通信开关电源的五种PWM反馈控制模式研究.通信电源技术,2001,6(2):8-12
[24] S S Kellar, F C Lee. A Novel Input Filter Compensation Scheme for Switching Regulators. IEEE PESC 82, 2003:36-57
[25] G. C Verghese, M E Elbuluk, J C Kassakian. A General Approach to Sampled-data Modeling for Power Electronic Circuits. IEEE PESC 84, 2001:45-48
[26] P Maranesl, L PinolaV, Varoll. The Incremental Voltage Control Mode for PWM Regulators. IEEE PESC 88, 2002:99-103
[27] M Clique , A J Fossard. A General Model for Switching Converters. IEEE Trans,on Aerospace and Electronic System,1977, 2004:80-85
[28]昌建军.单相Boost功率因素校正技术研究:[硕士论文].南京航空航天大学,2004
[29]朱成花,严仰光. BOOST转换器恒功率负载时动态性能分析.南京航空航天大学学报,2005,37(1):20-24
[30]陈斌,张波. BOOST变换器中一种新型控制策略.开关电源技术,2000,8:1-4
[31]王竸雄,王斌. BOOST升压变换器平均电流控制模式的仿真.三峡大学学报,2005,27(6): 514-518
[32]蔡丽娟,胡德成.基于微分动力学的BOOST变换器稳定性分析.华南理工大学学报,2006,34(10):77-82
[33]石季英,杨亮.软开关BOOST变换器的精确数学模型与混沌仿真.计算机仿真,2003,20(10):35-38
[34]温伟刚,魏学业.电流型反馈BOOST变换器的稳定性及分岔研究.北方交通大学学报,2003,27(6):17-21
[35]张波,瞿颖.电压反馈型BOOST变换器DCM的精确离散映象及其分岔和混沌现象.电工技术学报,2002,17(3):43-47
[36]穆新华,王俊.两级结构宽输出电压范围的功率因素校正器的稳定性分析和设计.南京航空航天大学学报,2004,36(5):615-618
[37] Barry Arbetter,Dragan Maksimovic. Feedforward Pulse Width Modulators for Switching Power Converters. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.12,NO.2,March 1997: 45-60
[38]黄明明.峰值电流控制法降低DC/DC Boost型变换器EMI水平研究:[硕士论文].郑州大学,2004
[39]郑朝霞,邹雪城,邵柯.电流型PWM DC-DC升压转换器的稳定性分析与实现.微电子学与计算机,2006,23(6):229-232
[40]陈雨霞.开关电源最优设计技术研究:[硕士论文].浙江大学,2004
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