特高含水期抽油机井负载特性研究
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摘要
大庆油田为注水开发油田,油田开发后期,油井中井液的含水率逐年上升,目前,有些油井井液的含水率达到95%以上,随着油井含水率的上升,井液的性质发生了变化,其粘度、密度和润滑性的改变使抽油机井的负载特性产生较大变化;聚合物驱是提高油田原油采收率比较有效的驱替方法,油井见聚后,油井中的井液将含有不同浓度的聚合物,由于聚合物溶液具有粘弹性流体的性质,使油井中井液也具有粘弹性流体的性质,其粘度和润滑性的改变也将使抽油机井的负载特性发生变化。上述两种驱替方式,都使井液的性质发生了变化,给抽油机井的设计、使用和管理带来许多未知因素。为了弄清上述问题,我们开展了高含水后期水驱及聚驱抽油机井负载特性研究。
本文通过探索大庆油田高含水后期水驱和聚合物驱抽油机井负载特性变化规律,为油田抽油机井的设计、使用和管理提供理论依据,使抽油机井举升技术和管理水平上一个新台阶。
After water flooding oil field entering into the ultra-high water period, for achieving the sustainable development of oil fields and obtaining good economic benefits and high recovery, when taking adjustment measures, Subsystems should be considered as a whole part for optimaling, it is particularly important to coordinate the subsystem internally and mutually. Take Daqing Oilfield Xingliu area for instance, optimization methods of oil production systems have been studied.
In this paper, take Daqing Oilfield Xingliu area for instance, when studying on the optimization methods of oil production systems, we get in points from three aspects: coordination between water injection system and reservoir system, coordination between lift system and reservoir system and coordination between ground gathering system and lift system, as to achieve the overall optimization of field development. Before studing on optimization of oil production systems, some researches have been done on this block’s development, and given the rational development policy on the injection and production pressure, fluid productivity index, production decline rate, recovery and other development indicators, and analyzed the main problems in the block and contradictions. At last, based on comprehensive analysis of residual oil distribution, residual oil potential productivity, the corresponding adjustment programme has been given, at the same time, index of different programmes has been predicted, and through fuzzifying mathematics, the optimal formulation of the reservoir system and overall effect of optimal implementation of the program have been given.It is guideful for this block.
本文通过探索大庆油田高含水后期水驱和聚合物驱抽油机井负载特性变化规律,为油田抽油机井的设计、使用和管理提供理论依据,使抽油机井举升技术和管理水平上一个新台阶。
After water flooding oil field entering into the ultra-high water period, for achieving the sustainable development of oil fields and obtaining good economic benefits and high recovery, when taking adjustment measures, Subsystems should be considered as a whole part for optimaling, it is particularly important to coordinate the subsystem internally and mutually. Take Daqing Oilfield Xingliu area for instance, optimization methods of oil production systems have been studied.
In this paper, take Daqing Oilfield Xingliu area for instance, when studying on the optimization methods of oil production systems, we get in points from three aspects: coordination between water injection system and reservoir system, coordination between lift system and reservoir system and coordination between ground gathering system and lift system, as to achieve the overall optimization of field development. Before studing on optimization of oil production systems, some researches have been done on this block’s development, and given the rational development policy on the injection and production pressure, fluid productivity index, production decline rate, recovery and other development indicators, and analyzed the main problems in the block and contradictions. At last, based on comprehensive analysis of residual oil distribution, residual oil potential productivity, the corresponding adjustment programme has been given, at the same time, index of different programmes has been predicted, and through fuzzifying mathematics, the optimal formulation of the reservoir system and overall effect of optimal implementation of the program have been given.It is guideful for this block.
引文
[1]李世军.油田生产系统整体优化理论与方法[D].大庆石油学院2005:1-5.
[2]赵洪激,刘扬,孙旭新.油田地下地面工程大系统总体规划方案优化研究[J].天然气与石油,2003,21(3):10-14.
[3]高燕云,何光渝,张风奎,宋广寿,杨技.油田开发调整方案多指标综合评价方法[J].石油规划设计,2001,12(1):19-21.
[4]刘东升,张宏奇,杨剑天,于曼.大庆杏北油田地面工程系统优化简化工艺[J].石油规划设计,2007,(03):23.
[5]李雪松,赵林.应用经济评价方法优化油田开发方式[J].江汉石油学院学报(社科版),2001,9(3):11-13.
[6]唐述山,王金龙,邹继明.控制地面工程能耗,保障油田可持续发展[J].油气田地面工程,2005,(09):28-29.
[7]张锦良.基于遗传算法的油田开发规划多目标优化研究[D].西南石油学院,2004.
[8]丁辉.油田开发规划方案优化与评价[D].西南石油学院,2003.
[9]苏.克磊洛夫.油田开发科学原理[D].北京:石油工业出版社,1956:5-6.
[10] Mcfarlanc JW, Lasdon WL, etal. Development Planning and Management of Petroleum ReservoirUsing Tank model and Nonlinear Programming.Operations Research[J],1984,32:270-289.
[11] AmitR.Petroleum Reservoir Exploration:Switching from Primary to Secondary Recovery.Operations Research[J],1986,34(4).
[12]王兴峰,葛家理.一种资源优化配置方法及其在石油生产规划中的应用[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2000,15(6):53-56.
[13] Elmtalab,Jabbar.An Expert System for Selection of an Appropriate Enhanced Oil Recovery Method.North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science[J],1993:6-7.
[14] Susan Schrader.A New Method of Recoverable Reserves Estimation Using an Expert System.SPE International Student Paper Contest[J],2004.
[15] Phil Rae and Gino Di Lullo.Achieving 100 Percent Success In Acid Stimulation Of Sandstone Reservoirs.SPE 77808,2002.
[16] Ge.JL,Xu Hua.KBSTWL:An Expert System for Well Location.1990 Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Petroleum Exploration&Production[J],Texas,1990.
[17]徐少华,刘扬,何新贵.基于过程神经网络的水淹层自动识别系统[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):54-57.
[18] Y.Zhang,H.Koelemij,et al.Probabilities and Limitations of Neural Network Applications in Estimates of Porosity and Permeability from Wireline Logs.SPE 77880.
[19]潘志坚,葛家理.自适应神经网络示功图识别[J].石油学报,1996,17(1),104-109.
[20]吴新根,葛家理.应用人工神经网络预测油田产量[J].石油勘探与开发,1994, 21(3):75-78.
[21]赵国忠,孟曙光,姜祥成.聚合物驱含水率的神经网络预测方法[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):70～73.
[22] E.A.Osman and R.E.Abdel-Aal.Abductive Networks:A New Modeling Tool for the Oil and Gas Industry.SPE 77882.
[23]王兴峰,葛家理等.工业化聚驱地下地面一体化优化规划的网络流模型[J].油气田地面工程,2001,20(6):78-81.
[24] Paul A.Jensen,J.Wesley Barnes.Network Flow Programming[J].New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc.1980.
[25] James.W Mcfarland,Leon Lasdonetal.Development Planning and Management of Petroleum Reservoirs Using Tank Model and Non-linear Programming[J].Operations Research,1984,32:270～289.
[26] Wackowski R.K.et al.Applying Rigorous Decision Analysis Methodology to Optimization of a Ter-tiary Recovery Project[J]:Rangely Weber Sand Unit ,Colorado.SPE24234,1992.
[27] Babayev DA.Mathematical Models for Optimal Timing of Drilling Multilayer Oil and Gas Fields[J].Mgmt.Sci.,1975,21:1361-1369.
[28]李泽农,陈德泉等.油田开发规划优选模型研究[D].油气田开发系统工程方法专辑(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[29]齐与峰,朱国金.注水开发油田稳产规划自适应模型[D].油气田开发系统工程方法专辑(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[30]王宽敬.石油生产近期优化配产规划系统[D].石油大学石油工程系[博士论文],石油大学石油工程系,1992.
[31]刘志斌,丁辉,高珉,杨延辉.油田开发规划产量构成优化模型及其应用[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):62-65.
[32]刘秀婷,王胜义,杨军.稠油开发规划方案优选方法新探[J].断块油气田,2003,10(1):47-50.
[33]魏立新,刘扬,付云霞,赵洪激.油气集输系统规划方案优化计算[J].油气储运,2002,21(4):28-30.
[34]殷爱贞,张在旭,李嘉庆.油田产量优化的目标规划模型[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(5):119-121.
[35]尚明忠,盖英杰,李树荣,熊福力.油田开发规划非线性多目标优化模型研究[J].石油钻采技术,2003,31(4):59-61.
[36]凡哲元,邴绍献,苏映宏,范智慧,丁辉,刘志斌.油田开发规划优化决策系统研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(6):34-36.
[37]李从信,陈淼鑫等.注水系统的计算方法[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):120-124.
[38]李从信,刘贤梅,陈淼鑫.大型注水系统的优化运行[J].石油学报,2001,22(6):69-72.
[39]常玉连,高胜,郭俊忠.油田注水系统最优控制数学模型及系统设计[J].石油机械,2001,29(12):24-26.
[40]肖伟,刘志斌,郭大立.基于神经网络的油田注水动态预测[J].交通与计算,1997, 15(2):57-60.
[41]李允,刘志斌.现代优化技术在油田开发中的应用[D].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[42]齐与峰,张辉军,赵成民.油田中后期稳产规划方法[J].石油学报,1992,13(1):52-60.
[43]张在旭.油田开发系统规划的策略[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1998,22(2):75-80.
[44] Xiao Wei,Liu Zhibin.Multiobjective liner programming model on injection oil field recovery system[J].Computers Math Applic,1998,36(5):127-135.
[45]刘扬,赵洪激,周士华.低渗透油田地面工程总体规划方案优化研究[J].石油学报,2000,21(2):88-95.
[2]赵洪激,刘扬,孙旭新.油田地下地面工程大系统总体规划方案优化研究[J].天然气与石油,2003,21(3):10-14.
[3]高燕云,何光渝,张风奎,宋广寿,杨技.油田开发调整方案多指标综合评价方法[J].石油规划设计,2001,12(1):19-21.
[4]刘东升,张宏奇,杨剑天,于曼.大庆杏北油田地面工程系统优化简化工艺[J].石油规划设计,2007,(03):23.
[5]李雪松,赵林.应用经济评价方法优化油田开发方式[J].江汉石油学院学报(社科版),2001,9(3):11-13.
[6]唐述山,王金龙,邹继明.控制地面工程能耗,保障油田可持续发展[J].油气田地面工程,2005,(09):28-29.
[7]张锦良.基于遗传算法的油田开发规划多目标优化研究[D].西南石油学院,2004.
[8]丁辉.油田开发规划方案优化与评价[D].西南石油学院,2003.
[9]苏.克磊洛夫.油田开发科学原理[D].北京:石油工业出版社,1956:5-6.
[10] Mcfarlanc JW, Lasdon WL, etal. Development Planning and Management of Petroleum ReservoirUsing Tank model and Nonlinear Programming.Operations Research[J],1984,32:270-289.
[11] AmitR.Petroleum Reservoir Exploration:Switching from Primary to Secondary Recovery.Operations Research[J],1986,34(4).
[12]王兴峰,葛家理.一种资源优化配置方法及其在石油生产规划中的应用[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),2000,15(6):53-56.
[13] Elmtalab,Jabbar.An Expert System for Selection of an Appropriate Enhanced Oil Recovery Method.North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science[J],1993:6-7.
[14] Susan Schrader.A New Method of Recoverable Reserves Estimation Using an Expert System.SPE International Student Paper Contest[J],2004.
[15] Phil Rae and Gino Di Lullo.Achieving 100 Percent Success In Acid Stimulation Of Sandstone Reservoirs.SPE 77808,2002.
[16] Ge.JL,Xu Hua.KBSTWL:An Expert System for Well Location.1990 Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Petroleum Exploration&Production[J],Texas,1990.
[17]徐少华,刘扬,何新贵.基于过程神经网络的水淹层自动识别系统[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):54-57.
[18] Y.Zhang,H.Koelemij,et al.Probabilities and Limitations of Neural Network Applications in Estimates of Porosity and Permeability from Wireline Logs.SPE 77880.
[19]潘志坚,葛家理.自适应神经网络示功图识别[J].石油学报,1996,17(1),104-109.
[20]吴新根,葛家理.应用人工神经网络预测油田产量[J].石油勘探与开发,1994, 21(3):75-78.
[21]赵国忠,孟曙光,姜祥成.聚合物驱含水率的神经网络预测方法[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):70～73.
[22] E.A.Osman and R.E.Abdel-Aal.Abductive Networks:A New Modeling Tool for the Oil and Gas Industry.SPE 77882.
[23]王兴峰,葛家理等.工业化聚驱地下地面一体化优化规划的网络流模型[J].油气田地面工程,2001,20(6):78-81.
[24] Paul A.Jensen,J.Wesley Barnes.Network Flow Programming[J].New York:John Wiley&Sons Inc.1980.
[25] James.W Mcfarland,Leon Lasdonetal.Development Planning and Management of Petroleum Reservoirs Using Tank Model and Non-linear Programming[J].Operations Research,1984,32:270～289.
[26] Wackowski R.K.et al.Applying Rigorous Decision Analysis Methodology to Optimization of a Ter-tiary Recovery Project[J]:Rangely Weber Sand Unit ,Colorado.SPE24234,1992.
[27] Babayev DA.Mathematical Models for Optimal Timing of Drilling Multilayer Oil and Gas Fields[J].Mgmt.Sci.,1975,21:1361-1369.
[28]李泽农,陈德泉等.油田开发规划优选模型研究[D].油气田开发系统工程方法专辑(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[29]齐与峰,朱国金.注水开发油田稳产规划自适应模型[D].油气田开发系统工程方法专辑(二).北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[30]王宽敬.石油生产近期优化配产规划系统[D].石油大学石油工程系[博士论文],石油大学石油工程系,1992.
[31]刘志斌,丁辉,高珉,杨延辉.油田开发规划产量构成优化模型及其应用[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):62-65.
[32]刘秀婷,王胜义,杨军.稠油开发规划方案优选方法新探[J].断块油气田,2003,10(1):47-50.
[33]魏立新,刘扬,付云霞,赵洪激.油气集输系统规划方案优化计算[J].油气储运,2002,21(4):28-30.
[34]殷爱贞,张在旭,李嘉庆.油田产量优化的目标规划模型[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003,27(5):119-121.
[35]尚明忠,盖英杰,李树荣,熊福力.油田开发规划非线性多目标优化模型研究[J].石油钻采技术,2003,31(4):59-61.
[36]凡哲元,邴绍献,苏映宏,范智慧,丁辉,刘志斌.油田开发规划优化决策系统研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(6):34-36.
[37]李从信,陈淼鑫等.注水系统的计算方法[J].石油学报,1998,19(3):120-124.
[38]李从信,刘贤梅,陈淼鑫.大型注水系统的优化运行[J].石油学报,2001,22(6):69-72.
[39]常玉连,高胜,郭俊忠.油田注水系统最优控制数学模型及系统设计[J].石油机械,2001,29(12):24-26.
[40]肖伟,刘志斌,郭大立.基于神经网络的油田注水动态预测[J].交通与计算,1997, 15(2):57-60.
[41]李允,刘志斌.现代优化技术在油田开发中的应用[D].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[42]齐与峰,张辉军,赵成民.油田中后期稳产规划方法[J].石油学报,1992,13(1):52-60.
[43]张在旭.油田开发系统规划的策略[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1998,22(2):75-80.
[44] Xiao Wei,Liu Zhibin.Multiobjective liner programming model on injection oil field recovery system[J].Computers Math Applic,1998,36(5):127-135.
[45]刘扬,赵洪激,周士华.低渗透油田地面工程总体规划方案优化研究[J].石油学报,2000,21(2):88-95.