公路网规划方法与实证研究
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摘要
本文在国内外相关资料的研究基础上,采用理论分析与实例分析相结合、定量分析与定性分析相结合的研究方法,在系统工程思想的指导下对公路网规划中的路网规模、路网布局、路网评价等进行了系统深入的分析和研究。
首先介绍了选题的依据和研究的重要意义,总结了路网规模、路网布局、路网评价的理论现状,提出了本文的研究目标和内容。
其次总结分析了现有公路网规模和等级结构优化模型存在的问题,在系统动力学和B-P神经网络两种预测方法的基础上建立了公路网规模的组合预测模型,依据预测结果采用新的目标建立了多目标等级结构优化模型,并将其应用在大连市公路网等级结构的优化上。
第三,分别用定量和定性两种方法分析了公路网节点的划分方法。在综合考虑各个节点的人口、国内生产总值、工业总产值、农业总产值、社会消费品零售总额、地方财政预算内收入、客运量、货运量以及区位优势等指标后,用模糊聚类分析方法将大连市所有节点分成重要节点、较重要节点和一般节点三类。
第四,在已有的交通网络设计研究结果的基础上,根据公路网优化的实际需要,建立了公路网优化的两阶段双层优化模型(近期优化模型和远期优化模型),研究了此类双层规划问题的遗传算法的解法,并以大连市公路网布局优化为研究对象进行了实例研究。
第五,分析了DEA模型在实际应用中的不足之处后,提出了基于公路网与社会经济协调发展的WPDEA评价模型,计算不同时期区域公路网与社会经济发展的协调程度,并通过实例对评价模型和实现过程进行了验证。
最后对全文进行了系统总结,并为进一步研究指出了方向。
In this paper, based on home and abroad research works, the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis was chosen and the network's scope, layout, evaluation of Road Network Planning (RNP) were analyzed and investigated by the guidance of systematic engineering idea.
Firstly, the foundation and the significance of this research in this paper were introduced and the current situations of the network's scope, layout and evaluation were summarized. Meanwhile, the purpose and the content of this study were brought forth.
Secondly, the problems appeared in the present road network's scope and grade structure optimization model were summarized and analyzed. A forecasting model was put forward in this paper on the basis of System Dynamics and B-P Neural Networks. The grade structure model with multi-objectives was founded by predictive results of the forecasting model, which was applied to Dalian's grade structure of the road's network.
Thirdly, the node hierarchy division method was analyzed by the qualitative and quantitative analysis. After the nodes' population, GDP, freight volume, passenger transport volume were considered, the nodes in Dalian city were divided into 3 parts by fuzzy clustering analysis method: important nodes, inferior important nodes and ordinary nodes.
Fourthly, the two-stage and bi-level planning model that is composed of long-term model and short-term model was established based on the present results. The Genetic Algorithm was employed to solve the model and the example study was applied to Dalian's road's network.
Fifthly, WPDEA model for evaluating the relationship between road construction and social economy was built in view of some disadvantages of DEA model. The harmony between road's network and the economy at different periods was calculated and the implement process of WPDEA model was evaluated.
Finally, the main conclusions were obtained and a prospect for further studies was shown clearly.
首先介绍了选题的依据和研究的重要意义,总结了路网规模、路网布局、路网评价的理论现状,提出了本文的研究目标和内容。
其次总结分析了现有公路网规模和等级结构优化模型存在的问题,在系统动力学和B-P神经网络两种预测方法的基础上建立了公路网规模的组合预测模型,依据预测结果采用新的目标建立了多目标等级结构优化模型,并将其应用在大连市公路网等级结构的优化上。
第三,分别用定量和定性两种方法分析了公路网节点的划分方法。在综合考虑各个节点的人口、国内生产总值、工业总产值、农业总产值、社会消费品零售总额、地方财政预算内收入、客运量、货运量以及区位优势等指标后,用模糊聚类分析方法将大连市所有节点分成重要节点、较重要节点和一般节点三类。
第四,在已有的交通网络设计研究结果的基础上,根据公路网优化的实际需要,建立了公路网优化的两阶段双层优化模型(近期优化模型和远期优化模型),研究了此类双层规划问题的遗传算法的解法,并以大连市公路网布局优化为研究对象进行了实例研究。
第五,分析了DEA模型在实际应用中的不足之处后,提出了基于公路网与社会经济协调发展的WPDEA评价模型,计算不同时期区域公路网与社会经济发展的协调程度,并通过实例对评价模型和实现过程进行了验证。
最后对全文进行了系统总结,并为进一步研究指出了方向。
In this paper, based on home and abroad research works, the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis was chosen and the network's scope, layout, evaluation of Road Network Planning (RNP) were analyzed and investigated by the guidance of systematic engineering idea.
Firstly, the foundation and the significance of this research in this paper were introduced and the current situations of the network's scope, layout and evaluation were summarized. Meanwhile, the purpose and the content of this study were brought forth.
Secondly, the problems appeared in the present road network's scope and grade structure optimization model were summarized and analyzed. A forecasting model was put forward in this paper on the basis of System Dynamics and B-P Neural Networks. The grade structure model with multi-objectives was founded by predictive results of the forecasting model, which was applied to Dalian's grade structure of the road's network.
Thirdly, the node hierarchy division method was analyzed by the qualitative and quantitative analysis. After the nodes' population, GDP, freight volume, passenger transport volume were considered, the nodes in Dalian city were divided into 3 parts by fuzzy clustering analysis method: important nodes, inferior important nodes and ordinary nodes.
Fourthly, the two-stage and bi-level planning model that is composed of long-term model and short-term model was established based on the present results. The Genetic Algorithm was employed to solve the model and the example study was applied to Dalian's road's network.
Fifthly, WPDEA model for evaluating the relationship between road construction and social economy was built in view of some disadvantages of DEA model. The harmony between road's network and the economy at different periods was calculated and the implement process of WPDEA model was evaluated.
Finally, the main conclusions were obtained and a prospect for further studies was shown clearly.
引文
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