地下互通立交隧道设计参数优化及施工技术研究
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摘要
随着经济的发展和城市的不断扩容,城市交通日益恶化,城市交通建设用地日趋紧缺。当前一种可有效缓解城市交通拥堵、不占城市用地且兼具国防作用的交通基础设施—城市地下高速公路正在世界范围内兴起；然而多条地下高速公路的修建,首先面临的就是交叉与互通的问题。基于此,论文结合国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”计划)课题—地下互通立交隧道建造技术研究,以北京市“四纵二横”地下高速公路为研究对象,对地下立交主线隧道施工方案、立交区域主线隧道合理间距、地下互通立交的总体布局形式及尺度规模、匝道隧道及分岔部位设计参数优化、匝道隧道进出口合理位置及分岔部位施工方法进行了分析研究,并提出了地下立交隧道上下层重叠处零间距施工方法。论文完成的主要工作如下：
1.提出了多种地下立交隧道主线隧道施工方案,并进行了数值模拟研究。经过多重指标的综合对比分析,得出了先施工上部隧道再施工下部隧道为立交区域主线隧道最优施工顺序。
2.建立了地下立交区域内不同间距(水平及垂直)条件下的隧道模型,对不同间距主线隧道施工时的土体沉降、洞周位移及支护内力等进行了研究,分析总结了它们各自的规律,经过综合对比分析给出了适合北京一般地质条件的合理间距。
3.以“十”字形交叉为例,在重点考虑地下立交结构与周围土体的稳定性及建造可行性的基础上,提出了仅设右转匝道和左右转匝道隧道皆设两种情况下地下互通立交隧道的最佳布局形式和尺度规模。
4.对匝道隧道轮廓及线形进行了研究,提出了匝道隧道进出口合理位置的确定方法；提出了分岔部位变速段隧道结构平面的三种布置方式并对比了它们的优缺点；提出了两种分岔部位总体施工技术方案,综合对比分析它们的优缺点,得出了从小间距到连拱再到台阶变断面为最优施工方案,并在此基础上提出了分岔部位小间距段、连拱段、台阶变断面段的施工方法。
5.采用C#语言编写了地下互通立交结构分析系统,该系统用于地下结构设计的优化分析计算；采用Java语言编写了施工监测数据分析反馈系统,该系统用于施工期间及时掌握围岩与结构变形动态。两个系统合在一起实现了“动态设计、动态施工”理念。
6.提出了“地下立交隧道上下层交叉重叠处零间距施工方法”(国家发明专利申请号：2010101050866),并给出了该工法的四大工序及详细施工方法。经过与“普通工法”对比分析,得出“零间距工法”控制地表沉降效果明显、支护结构变形小、弯矩也小,优势明显,很适宜于北京及类似地质条件的城市推广使用。
With the development of economic and the continuous urban expansion, the urban traffic is deteriorated gradually, and the urban transport construction lands became more and more scarce. Urban underground highway is rising worldwide which can effectively alleviate the current traffic congestion and not occupy urban constraction lands, and also has the important role for national defense. However, the cross and interoperability is the first problem to be come across during a number of underground highways construction period. This thesis depends on "Analysis on Underground Interchange Tunnel Construction Technique" program, which belongs to the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) issue.This thesis analysised the main tunnel construction programs, appropriate distance between the main tunnels in the interchange area, size of overall layout of the form and scale in underground interchange tunnel, the structure parameters optimization of main tunnels and branch tunnels, import and export reasonable position of the branch tunnels, the construction sequence and methods of the bifurcation, and so on. A new tunnel construction method, upper and lower interchange tunnel with zero distance, was put forward. The main works completed in this thesis are as followed:
1. A variety of the main tunnel construction programs were proposed, after a comprehensive comparative analysis of multiple indicators by using the numerical simulation, obtained that the upper tunnels excavated separately first and then the lower tunnels excavated separately last was the optimal program.
2. Tunnel models, adapting to underground interchange regions with different spacings (Horizontal & vertical), were built. The hole week and supporting internal force of those different main tunnels were studied, analyzed and summarized, and their respective regulations were obtained. By comprehensive comparative analysis, the optimal spacing adapting to Beijing geological conditions was given in this thesis.
3.Taking the cross interchange for example, based on the stability of underground interchange structure and surrounding soil and the construction of the feasibility, the size of overall layout of the form and scale of underground interchange tunnels were put forward.
4. Studyed on the profile and linear ramp of branch tunnel, the reasonable import and export position was determined based on the satisfaction of the stability of whole rock and structure of underground interchange tunnel; Three layout ways were proposed such as abrupt, tapered and stepped to the tunnel structure of speed change section, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were analyzed; Two programs were put forward to the construction sequence of the bifurcation tunnel, and the second program that construction from small space segment, arch segment to construction technology method of the step tapered section was the better. Construction methods of bifurcation sites spaced paragraph, the arch section and step tapered section were proposed.
5. The Underground Interchange Structure Analysis System, used in the optimization calculation of the design of underground structures, was written by C# language. The Construction Monitoring Data Analysis Feedback System, used in grasping the dynamic deformation of rock and structure during the construction, was written by Java language. In this thesis, "dynamic design, dynamic construction" concept was realized by combing the two systems. 6. A new tunnel construction method, upper and lower interchange tunnels with zero distance, was put forward with the detailed construction method. One national invention patent was successfully applied based on this research, and the Application Number is 2010101050866.
Compared with the general method, this new method has obvious advantage in the control of surface subsidence and support structure deformation, with little damage to the surrounding soil. The new method is suitable for Beijing and other cities which have the similar geological conditions.
1.提出了多种地下立交隧道主线隧道施工方案,并进行了数值模拟研究。经过多重指标的综合对比分析,得出了先施工上部隧道再施工下部隧道为立交区域主线隧道最优施工顺序。
2.建立了地下立交区域内不同间距(水平及垂直)条件下的隧道模型,对不同间距主线隧道施工时的土体沉降、洞周位移及支护内力等进行了研究,分析总结了它们各自的规律,经过综合对比分析给出了适合北京一般地质条件的合理间距。
3.以“十”字形交叉为例,在重点考虑地下立交结构与周围土体的稳定性及建造可行性的基础上,提出了仅设右转匝道和左右转匝道隧道皆设两种情况下地下互通立交隧道的最佳布局形式和尺度规模。
4.对匝道隧道轮廓及线形进行了研究,提出了匝道隧道进出口合理位置的确定方法；提出了分岔部位变速段隧道结构平面的三种布置方式并对比了它们的优缺点；提出了两种分岔部位总体施工技术方案,综合对比分析它们的优缺点,得出了从小间距到连拱再到台阶变断面为最优施工方案,并在此基础上提出了分岔部位小间距段、连拱段、台阶变断面段的施工方法。
5.采用C#语言编写了地下互通立交结构分析系统,该系统用于地下结构设计的优化分析计算；采用Java语言编写了施工监测数据分析反馈系统,该系统用于施工期间及时掌握围岩与结构变形动态。两个系统合在一起实现了“动态设计、动态施工”理念。
6.提出了“地下立交隧道上下层交叉重叠处零间距施工方法”(国家发明专利申请号：2010101050866),并给出了该工法的四大工序及详细施工方法。经过与“普通工法”对比分析,得出“零间距工法”控制地表沉降效果明显、支护结构变形小、弯矩也小,优势明显,很适宜于北京及类似地质条件的城市推广使用。
With the development of economic and the continuous urban expansion, the urban traffic is deteriorated gradually, and the urban transport construction lands became more and more scarce. Urban underground highway is rising worldwide which can effectively alleviate the current traffic congestion and not occupy urban constraction lands, and also has the important role for national defense. However, the cross and interoperability is the first problem to be come across during a number of underground highways construction period. This thesis depends on "Analysis on Underground Interchange Tunnel Construction Technique" program, which belongs to the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) issue.This thesis analysised the main tunnel construction programs, appropriate distance between the main tunnels in the interchange area, size of overall layout of the form and scale in underground interchange tunnel, the structure parameters optimization of main tunnels and branch tunnels, import and export reasonable position of the branch tunnels, the construction sequence and methods of the bifurcation, and so on. A new tunnel construction method, upper and lower interchange tunnel with zero distance, was put forward. The main works completed in this thesis are as followed:
1. A variety of the main tunnel construction programs were proposed, after a comprehensive comparative analysis of multiple indicators by using the numerical simulation, obtained that the upper tunnels excavated separately first and then the lower tunnels excavated separately last was the optimal program.
2. Tunnel models, adapting to underground interchange regions with different spacings (Horizontal & vertical), were built. The hole week and supporting internal force of those different main tunnels were studied, analyzed and summarized, and their respective regulations were obtained. By comprehensive comparative analysis, the optimal spacing adapting to Beijing geological conditions was given in this thesis.
3.Taking the cross interchange for example, based on the stability of underground interchange structure and surrounding soil and the construction of the feasibility, the size of overall layout of the form and scale of underground interchange tunnels were put forward.
4. Studyed on the profile and linear ramp of branch tunnel, the reasonable import and export position was determined based on the satisfaction of the stability of whole rock and structure of underground interchange tunnel; Three layout ways were proposed such as abrupt, tapered and stepped to the tunnel structure of speed change section, and their respective advantages and disadvantages were analyzed; Two programs were put forward to the construction sequence of the bifurcation tunnel, and the second program that construction from small space segment, arch segment to construction technology method of the step tapered section was the better. Construction methods of bifurcation sites spaced paragraph, the arch section and step tapered section were proposed.
5. The Underground Interchange Structure Analysis System, used in the optimization calculation of the design of underground structures, was written by C# language. The Construction Monitoring Data Analysis Feedback System, used in grasping the dynamic deformation of rock and structure during the construction, was written by Java language. In this thesis, "dynamic design, dynamic construction" concept was realized by combing the two systems. 6. A new tunnel construction method, upper and lower interchange tunnels with zero distance, was put forward with the detailed construction method. One national invention patent was successfully applied based on this research, and the Application Number is 2010101050866.
Compared with the general method, this new method has obvious advantage in the control of surface subsidence and support structure deformation, with little damage to the surrounding soil. The new method is suitable for Beijing and other cities which have the similar geological conditions.
引文
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