矿井回风热能回收热湿传递研究
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摘要
矿井回风中含有大量的余热资源，矿井回风热能回收系统与水源热泵系统联合应用为有效回收回风中的余热资源创造了条件。针对热能回收系统中的关键环节——热湿交换单元在评价、设计和应用中存在的主要问题，本文以热湿交换单元内气-水热湿传递为主要研究对象，提出了单元的性能评价方法、最优传热途径及结构的设计方法，为热湿传递理论及工程应用提供了理论参考。
首先在已有的扩散塔及喷水室性能评价指标的基础上，分析了传统的“双效率”法的不适用性，提出了适用于评价饱和线附近以水为处理对象的热湿交换单元的性能指标，并推导了相应的无量纲理论表达式，为理论及实验研究提供了理论依据。
在已有的水滴运动规律及受力分析的基础上，详细推导了下喷式和上喷式热湿交换单元内水滴的运动规律；提出了避免漂水损失和悬浮现象的条件式；分析了初参数对水滴运动规律的影响；得到在一定条件下，增大气流速度有利于延长水滴停留时间的结论；提出了挡水板与上喷式喷嘴距离的计算方法。
综合一维下喷式水滴运动方程、传热传质模型、湿空气-水的分析模型及分析模型，通过对模型的数值求解，研究了夏季工况和冬季工况热湿交换单元内热湿传递过程推动力的变化情况及影响因素，提出了降低热湿传递过程“不可逆”损失的最优热湿传递途径，为湿空气-水热学分析理论以及优化方案的设计提供理论参考。
以上述理论研究成果为依据，利用流场模拟软件对工程设计中常用热湿交换单元物理模型进行完善，提出了一种流场较优的结构设计方案。
最后综合本文的研究成果，提出了一种适用于回风热能回收系统的下喷式热湿交换单元的设计方法，为工程应用提供了设计依据。
Mine exhaust air contains abundantly residual heat that can utilize the coupledsystems, which consist of Mine Exhaust Air Heat Recovery System (MEAHRS) andWater Source Heat Pump system, to extract the useful energy source. Considering themajor problems of the Heat and Mass Transfer Unit (HMTU) and analyzingsimultaneous heat and mass transfer of the air-water two phase flow, this paper hasproposed an approach to evaluate its performance, a method to maximize heat transferoutput and a way to design its structure. This research can provide theoretical andexperimental foundations for heat and mass transfer.
The traditional double-efficiency method to evaluate the performance of theHMTU in terms of the informed assessment index for diffusion tower and spray airwashers is inadequate, therefore an evaluation index which is applicable to heat andmass transfer inside HMTU between the moist air which the relative humidity is near90%and water is present and another expression of heat exchange efficiencycorrelation is developed for specific HMTU design.
On the basis of the force balance on water droplet, the motion theory of waterdroplet inside counterflow and upstream-spray HMTU is explicitly derived, Therequirement about how to avoid water loss by drift and water droplets suspension isproposed and the water’s initial conditions which influenced the droplets’ trajectory isanalyzed, and the calculation approach of the distance between the drift eliminatorsand the nozzle of the upstream spray is represent. At specified conditions, increasedthe air inlet velocity can prolong the water droplets’ heat exchange time.
Combining the equation of water droplet motion, heat and mass transfer and theexergy and entransy analysis models of moist air and water, after solving the equationby numerical method and researching the influence factor and driven power of heatand mass transfer inside HMTU, the optimum process of heat and mass transfer whichcan reduce the irreversibility is developed.
Utilize CFD software to reform the physical model of the UMTU in terms of theabove theoretical foundations and to design a UMTU which its interior flow field is more suitable.
Summarizing the research outcomes, a design approach which is reliable forcounterflow HMTU on MEAHRS is recommended, and this also can support todesign engineering application.
首先在已有的扩散塔及喷水室性能评价指标的基础上，分析了传统的“双效率”法的不适用性，提出了适用于评价饱和线附近以水为处理对象的热湿交换单元的性能指标，并推导了相应的无量纲理论表达式，为理论及实验研究提供了理论依据。
在已有的水滴运动规律及受力分析的基础上，详细推导了下喷式和上喷式热湿交换单元内水滴的运动规律；提出了避免漂水损失和悬浮现象的条件式；分析了初参数对水滴运动规律的影响；得到在一定条件下，增大气流速度有利于延长水滴停留时间的结论；提出了挡水板与上喷式喷嘴距离的计算方法。
综合一维下喷式水滴运动方程、传热传质模型、湿空气-水的分析模型及分析模型，通过对模型的数值求解，研究了夏季工况和冬季工况热湿交换单元内热湿传递过程推动力的变化情况及影响因素，提出了降低热湿传递过程“不可逆”损失的最优热湿传递途径，为湿空气-水热学分析理论以及优化方案的设计提供理论参考。
以上述理论研究成果为依据，利用流场模拟软件对工程设计中常用热湿交换单元物理模型进行完善，提出了一种流场较优的结构设计方案。
最后综合本文的研究成果，提出了一种适用于回风热能回收系统的下喷式热湿交换单元的设计方法，为工程应用提供了设计依据。
Mine exhaust air contains abundantly residual heat that can utilize the coupledsystems, which consist of Mine Exhaust Air Heat Recovery System (MEAHRS) andWater Source Heat Pump system, to extract the useful energy source. Considering themajor problems of the Heat and Mass Transfer Unit (HMTU) and analyzingsimultaneous heat and mass transfer of the air-water two phase flow, this paper hasproposed an approach to evaluate its performance, a method to maximize heat transferoutput and a way to design its structure. This research can provide theoretical andexperimental foundations for heat and mass transfer.
The traditional double-efficiency method to evaluate the performance of theHMTU in terms of the informed assessment index for diffusion tower and spray airwashers is inadequate, therefore an evaluation index which is applicable to heat andmass transfer inside HMTU between the moist air which the relative humidity is near90%and water is present and another expression of heat exchange efficiencycorrelation is developed for specific HMTU design.
On the basis of the force balance on water droplet, the motion theory of waterdroplet inside counterflow and upstream-spray HMTU is explicitly derived, Therequirement about how to avoid water loss by drift and water droplets suspension isproposed and the water’s initial conditions which influenced the droplets’ trajectory isanalyzed, and the calculation approach of the distance between the drift eliminatorsand the nozzle of the upstream spray is represent. At specified conditions, increasedthe air inlet velocity can prolong the water droplets’ heat exchange time.
Combining the equation of water droplet motion, heat and mass transfer and theexergy and entransy analysis models of moist air and water, after solving the equationby numerical method and researching the influence factor and driven power of heatand mass transfer inside HMTU, the optimum process of heat and mass transfer whichcan reduce the irreversibility is developed.
Utilize CFD software to reform the physical model of the UMTU in terms of theabove theoretical foundations and to design a UMTU which its interior flow field is more suitable.
Summarizing the research outcomes, a design approach which is reliable forcounterflow HMTU on MEAHRS is recommended, and this also can support todesign engineering application.
引文
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