基于Active XML工作流关键技术的研究
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摘要
随着Internet的发展和企业对计算机应用需求的不断增长,作为流程定义,管理,监控的核心技术,工作流技术近年来已广泛应用于各企业以处理其相关的业务流程。工作流管理系统(WFMS)最直接的用途就是和企业业务流程重组(BPR)技术相结合管理企业的各种流程,实现企业流程的自动化。
工作流引擎是工作流管理系统中最重要的部分,它根据建模工具建立的过程模型来推进过程的执行,并按照每个人的角色合适地分配任务,从而达到提高工作效率的目的。
本文在分析现有工作流技术自身问题(如没有统一的建模语言、没有独立的工作流模型等)和实际应用中的缺陷(如集成能力柔性差、互操作性不高、缺乏分布式技术、没有性能评价和仿真技术的支持)的基础上,并结合新技术AXML(Active XML)和Web Services,研究分布式工作流引擎的设计与实现技术。
首先,对现有工作流技术的发展状况进行综述,提出本课题的研究内容与研究目标。
其次,对分布式工作流技术基础进行介绍,分析现有主流的分布式技术(DCOM、CORBA、Java RMI)的局限性,决定研究能够适应当前技术环境,使企业计算机应用跨技术、跨企业边界的基于Web Services的工作流技术。同时,对工作流管理系统各组成部分进行详细的介绍。
再次,通过对现有工作流引擎的分析,本文引入Active XML这种分布式数据管理语言,提出一个基于AXML的分布式工作流引擎的框架结构,进行了引擎的设计,并就引擎中各核心模块给予详细的论述。
最后,在Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003环境下,用C#编程实现工作流引擎,该工作流引擎可以实现对动态整合和动态更新的Web服务进行适时调用。对工作流引擎的应用进行分析,并结合某市电力局开发的安全生产管理系统(SPMS)项目来进行性能测试。
With the development of Internet and the increasing of computer application requirement in enterprise, now Workflow has been widely deployed in many enterprises to manage their business processes as a key technology of process definition, management and monitoring. Workflow Management System (WFMS) are most used in every process to manage enterprise business combined with enterprise Business Process Reengineering(BPR) and carries out automation of enterprise process.
Workflow engine, the most important part of Workflow Management System, Come it to push forward the process implementation according to Workflow process models defined by modeling tools. And it also assigns tasks rightly according to everyone's role to enable high work efficiency.
On basic of analyzing the self problem (for example, no uniform modeling language, no independent wokflow model etc) of existed Workflow and the limitation of factual application (for example, unperfect ability of integration and mutual operation, lack of the support of distributed technique capability evaluation and simulation etc), In this article, we discuss the design of distributed Workflow engine and technology of implementation based on new technique of AXML( Active XML) and Web Services.
Firstly, a systematic survey of Workflow Management research is given and then the study contents and objectives of this thesis are presented.
Secondly, Introduce the basis of distributing Workflow technology, analyse the limitation of distributed technique (DCOM, CORBA, Java RMI), proposing Workflow based on Web services, which could be is adapted to present environment, and make the enterprise computer application not only to span technique, but also to span enterprise . At the same time, carry out the details introduction on each ingredient of the Workflow Management System.
Thirdly, According to the analysis of the current Workflow engine, this paper introduces Active XML which is defined as a distributed language for management of data, proposes a framework of distributed Workflow engine based on the Active XML , design the Workflow engine, and gives out the detailed elaboration every core module in the Workflow engine.
Finally, we implement Workflow engine, in Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003 with C #. The application of Workflow engine can realize calling Web Services which are development integrated and dynamic renewed timely. Analyses the Workflow engine application, and carry out the performance test with the safe producing management system (SPMS) that is developed by the electric power bureau in some city.
工作流引擎是工作流管理系统中最重要的部分,它根据建模工具建立的过程模型来推进过程的执行,并按照每个人的角色合适地分配任务,从而达到提高工作效率的目的。
本文在分析现有工作流技术自身问题(如没有统一的建模语言、没有独立的工作流模型等)和实际应用中的缺陷(如集成能力柔性差、互操作性不高、缺乏分布式技术、没有性能评价和仿真技术的支持)的基础上,并结合新技术AXML(Active XML)和Web Services,研究分布式工作流引擎的设计与实现技术。
首先,对现有工作流技术的发展状况进行综述,提出本课题的研究内容与研究目标。
其次,对分布式工作流技术基础进行介绍,分析现有主流的分布式技术(DCOM、CORBA、Java RMI)的局限性,决定研究能够适应当前技术环境,使企业计算机应用跨技术、跨企业边界的基于Web Services的工作流技术。同时,对工作流管理系统各组成部分进行详细的介绍。
再次,通过对现有工作流引擎的分析,本文引入Active XML这种分布式数据管理语言,提出一个基于AXML的分布式工作流引擎的框架结构,进行了引擎的设计,并就引擎中各核心模块给予详细的论述。
最后,在Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003环境下,用C#编程实现工作流引擎,该工作流引擎可以实现对动态整合和动态更新的Web服务进行适时调用。对工作流引擎的应用进行分析,并结合某市电力局开发的安全生产管理系统(SPMS)项目来进行性能测试。
With the development of Internet and the increasing of computer application requirement in enterprise, now Workflow has been widely deployed in many enterprises to manage their business processes as a key technology of process definition, management and monitoring. Workflow Management System (WFMS) are most used in every process to manage enterprise business combined with enterprise Business Process Reengineering(BPR) and carries out automation of enterprise process.
Workflow engine, the most important part of Workflow Management System, Come it to push forward the process implementation according to Workflow process models defined by modeling tools. And it also assigns tasks rightly according to everyone's role to enable high work efficiency.
On basic of analyzing the self problem (for example, no uniform modeling language, no independent wokflow model etc) of existed Workflow and the limitation of factual application (for example, unperfect ability of integration and mutual operation, lack of the support of distributed technique capability evaluation and simulation etc), In this article, we discuss the design of distributed Workflow engine and technology of implementation based on new technique of AXML( Active XML) and Web Services.
Firstly, a systematic survey of Workflow Management research is given and then the study contents and objectives of this thesis are presented.
Secondly, Introduce the basis of distributing Workflow technology, analyse the limitation of distributed technique (DCOM, CORBA, Java RMI), proposing Workflow based on Web services, which could be is adapted to present environment, and make the enterprise computer application not only to span technique, but also to span enterprise . At the same time, carry out the details introduction on each ingredient of the Workflow Management System.
Thirdly, According to the analysis of the current Workflow engine, this paper introduces Active XML which is defined as a distributed language for management of data, proposes a framework of distributed Workflow engine based on the Active XML , design the Workflow engine, and gives out the detailed elaboration every core module in the Workflow engine.
Finally, we implement Workflow engine, in Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003 with C #. The application of Workflow engine can realize calling Web Services which are development integrated and dynamic renewed timely. Analyses the Workflow engine application, and carry out the performance test with the safe producing management system (SPMS) that is developed by the electric power bureau in some city.
引文
[1] 罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述[J].软件学报,2000.1(7):899-907.
[2] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[3] 史美林,杨光信,向 勇等.WFMS:工作流管理系统[J].计算机学报,1999(3) : 326-328.
[4] Workflow Management Coalition.Workflow Management Coalition Terminology and Glos... .Brussels: Workflow Management Coalition,1996.
[5] Mohan C.Recent Trends in Workflow Management Products, Sta... .Proc. NATO AdvancedStudy Institute (ASI) on Workflow Management Systems and Interoperability,1998.8 : 396-409.
[6] WFMC.WorkFlow Management Coalition Reference Model[EB/OL].http://www.wfmc. org/standarders.htm.
[7] 刘洋, 葛声.一种基于 Web 服务的分布式工作流系统的研究与实现[[J ]. 计算机工程 与应用,2003,(1): 208-217.
[8] MENG Xiaofeng , WANG Xiaofeng ,XIE Min , ZHANG Xin , ZHOU Junfeng . Orient X :An Integrated , Schema Based Native XML Database System. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences, Vol.11 No.5 2006 :1192-1196.
[9] 吴迪,陈刚.新一代的 Web Services 技术[J].计算机应用研究,2003.3(3):4-9.
[10] 胡新荣,聂刚.基于 Web Services 的分布式应用研究[J].控制工程,2004.5(11): 243-249.
[11] 吕 曦,王化文.Web Sercics 架构与协议[J].计算机应用,2002.12(22):62-65.
[12] 柴晓路,梁宇路.WEB SERVICES 技术、架构和应用[M].北京:电子工业出版 社,2003.
[13] Brahim Medjahed, Athman Bouuettaya, Ahemed K Elmagarmid. Composing Web Services On the Semantic Web[J]. The VLDB Journal, November 2003;12(4);331-351.
[14] Serge Abiteboul, Jerome Baumgarten, Angela Bonifati, Grégory Cobena, Cosmin Cremarenco, Florin Dragan, Ioana Manolescu, Tova Milo, Nicoleta Preda.Managing Distributed Workspaces with Active XML , The VLDB Journal , July 2003 ;10(6);365-384.
[15] Bray T.,etal. Extensilb1e Markup Language(XML) I.0(Second Edition) EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006.
[16] Gulgin M.,et al.SOAP Version 1.2[ EB/OL].http://www.w3. org/TR/2001/WD- soapl2- 20010709,2001.
[17] Cbristensen E.,etal.Web Services Description Language(WSDL) 1.1. EB/OL].http://www.w3. org/TR/2001/NOTE-wsdl- 20010315, 2001.
[18] UDDI Project, UDDI Executive white September 2000. Available at.http//:www uddi.org.
[19] WfMC-TC00-1025, Workflow Management Coalition .Workflow Process Definition Interface XML Process Definition Language[S] .2001.
[20] 张洪山,殷人昆,张素琴 . 基于 Web 的的工作流引擎设计.计算机工程,2003.2 (20):83-85.
[21] 靳荣,赵军富,高永兵,史海军.基于 MSXML 接口的 Active XML 解析器的构 建.包头钢铁学院学报.2006.12 (4):185-189.
[22] Aversano L, Canfora G, De Lucia L, et al . Business process reennineerinn and workflow automation:a tech-nolony transfer experience. The Journal of Systems and Software, 2002, 63(1):29-44.
[23] 王振华. 基于.Net 平台架构的动态工作流引擎. 武汉职业技术学院学报.2006.3(5): 44-47.
[24] 王 刚,焦成柱, 章 俊,刘国庆.基于.Net 图形化柔性工作流引擎的实现机制的 研究.微计算机信息.2006,3 (22) 11-14 .
[25] Sadiq W,Orlowska M.E.Analyzing Process Models Using Graph Reduction Techniques.Information Systems.2000,25(2), P117~134.
[26] Fabio, Silvana, Mariagrazia Fugini.Isabelle Patterns to Design Rule in Workflow. Workflows Engineering.2000,Vo1.26,No.8.
[27] 范玉顺.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[28] 王 茜,何文奇.虚拟企业供应链工作流模型的研究与实现[J].计算机集成制造系 统一 CIMS,2002.1(8):41-46.
[29] 鲍震宁.企业组织模型结构和建模方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2001, 37(23):67-69.
[30] 董章震,潘 捷,邓家提.工作流模型的研究与实现[J].计算机辅助工程,2002, 2(2):64-69.
[31] 夏长宏,陈文博.工作流系统建模与应用环境的研究[J].计算机工程, 2003.4(29):59-61.
[32] 张中林,殷新春,陈峻.基于 XML 的工作流定义语言的研究[J].扬州大学学报 (自然科学版),2002.8(5):48-52.
[33] 徐庆,袁兆山,潘秋菱.基于 XML 的工作流过程定义语言模型 XMWPDL[J].小 型微型计算机系统,2003.5(24):848-852.
[34] 谈贤芳,刘鲁源.一种基于 XML 的工作流过程模型的实现[J].控制工程, 2003.5(24):198-200.
[35] The Active XML Site.http://www.purl.org/net/axml.
[36] Serge Abiteboul:Active XML.http://activexml.net/axml-10-2004.pdf.
[37] Serge Abiteboul, Omar Benjelloun, Bogdan Cautis, Ioana Manolescu, Tova Milo, Nicoleta Preda:Lazy Query Evaluation for Active XML, SIGMOD 2004.
[38] Angela Bonifati: Dynamic XML Documents with Distribution and Replication, SIGMOD 2003.
[39] S.Abiteboul,O.Benjelloun, T.Milo, I.Manolescu, and R.Weber. Active XML:Peer to Peer Data and WebServices Integration(demo), In Proc. of VLDB,2002.
[40] 杨 东,王茧林,张申生.基于 XML 和 ECA 规则的工作流建模及执行[J],计算机 工程与应用,2003(32):62-67.
[41] 唐邦志,魏生民,景韶字,周 欣.工作流网 XML 映射[J].计算机工程与应用, 2003(36):41-44.
[42] 杨浩,杨铁男等译.C#高级编程(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[43] 毛晓飞,崔伟译.C# XML 入门经典.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[44] 孙永强,杨丽坤编著.Visual C#.NET 中文版 Web 服务开发基础.北京:清华大学 出版社,2002.
[45] GEORGAKOPOULOS D,HORNICK M,SHETH A.An overview of workflow management: from process modeling to workflow automation infrastructure[J].Distributed and parallel Databases ,1995,3(3):119-152.
[46] Hai Zhuge.A process matching approach for flexible workflow process reuse.Information and Software Technoloey, 2002.44 (8): 445-450.
[47] 陶冶,范玉顺,罗海滨.提高分布式工作流管理系统的可扩展性.计算机科学, 2001 28(6):30-33.
[48] Duk-Ho Chang,Jin Hyun Son and Myoung Ho Kim.Critical path identification in the context of a workflow.Information and Software Technology.2002,44 (7) : 405-417 .
[49] 窦万春,李东波,张世琪.基于对象和实例互操作行为模型的工作流研究.计算机 学报,2001,24(2): 197-201.
[50] 施明辉,孙荣胜.用基于 XML 的 SOAP 机制构建应用系统.计算机应用,2002, 22(4): 80～83.
[51] Dider Martin.XML 高级编程.李喆，严春莹，马琳译．北京：机械工业出版社 2001.56～133.
[52] Robert Tabor..Net XML Web 服务.徐继伟,英宇译.北京:机械工业出版社 2002.22～132.
[53] PowellR.C#和.Net 架构.袁鹏飞译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.83～296.
[54] Lerina Aversan,Gerardo Canfora,Andrea De Lucia and Pierpaolo Gallucci.Busines process reengineering and workflow automation: a technology transfer experience. Journal of Systems and Software.2002.63 (1): 29-44.
[2] 范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[3] 史美林,杨光信,向 勇等.WFMS:工作流管理系统[J].计算机学报,1999(3) : 326-328.
[4] Workflow Management Coalition.Workflow Management Coalition Terminology and Glos... .Brussels: Workflow Management Coalition,1996.
[5] Mohan C.Recent Trends in Workflow Management Products, Sta... .Proc. NATO AdvancedStudy Institute (ASI) on Workflow Management Systems and Interoperability,1998.8 : 396-409.
[6] WFMC.WorkFlow Management Coalition Reference Model[EB/OL].http://www.wfmc. org/standarders.htm.
[7] 刘洋, 葛声.一种基于 Web 服务的分布式工作流系统的研究与实现[[J ]. 计算机工程 与应用,2003,(1): 208-217.
[8] MENG Xiaofeng , WANG Xiaofeng ,XIE Min , ZHANG Xin , ZHOU Junfeng . Orient X :An Integrated , Schema Based Native XML Database System. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences, Vol.11 No.5 2006 :1192-1196.
[9] 吴迪,陈刚.新一代的 Web Services 技术[J].计算机应用研究,2003.3(3):4-9.
[10] 胡新荣,聂刚.基于 Web Services 的分布式应用研究[J].控制工程,2004.5(11): 243-249.
[11] 吕 曦,王化文.Web Sercics 架构与协议[J].计算机应用,2002.12(22):62-65.
[12] 柴晓路,梁宇路.WEB SERVICES 技术、架构和应用[M].北京:电子工业出版 社,2003.
[13] Brahim Medjahed, Athman Bouuettaya, Ahemed K Elmagarmid. Composing Web Services On the Semantic Web[J]. The VLDB Journal, November 2003;12(4);331-351.
[14] Serge Abiteboul, Jerome Baumgarten, Angela Bonifati, Grégory Cobena, Cosmin Cremarenco, Florin Dragan, Ioana Manolescu, Tova Milo, Nicoleta Preda.Managing Distributed Workspaces with Active XML , The VLDB Journal , July 2003 ;10(6);365-384.
[15] Bray T.,etal. Extensilb1e Markup Language(XML) I.0(Second Edition) EB/OL].http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006.
[16] Gulgin M.,et al.SOAP Version 1.2[ EB/OL].http://www.w3. org/TR/2001/WD- soapl2- 20010709,2001.
[17] Cbristensen E.,etal.Web Services Description Language(WSDL) 1.1. EB/OL].http://www.w3. org/TR/2001/NOTE-wsdl- 20010315, 2001.
[18] UDDI Project, UDDI Executive white September 2000. Available at.http//:www uddi.org.
[19] WfMC-TC00-1025, Workflow Management Coalition .Workflow Process Definition Interface XML Process Definition Language[S] .2001.
[20] 张洪山,殷人昆,张素琴 . 基于 Web 的的工作流引擎设计.计算机工程,2003.2 (20):83-85.
[21] 靳荣,赵军富,高永兵,史海军.基于 MSXML 接口的 Active XML 解析器的构 建.包头钢铁学院学报.2006.12 (4):185-189.
[22] Aversano L, Canfora G, De Lucia L, et al . Business process reennineerinn and workflow automation:a tech-nolony transfer experience. The Journal of Systems and Software, 2002, 63(1):29-44.
[23] 王振华. 基于.Net 平台架构的动态工作流引擎. 武汉职业技术学院学报.2006.3(5): 44-47.
[24] 王 刚,焦成柱, 章 俊,刘国庆.基于.Net 图形化柔性工作流引擎的实现机制的 研究.微计算机信息.2006,3 (22) 11-14 .
[25] Sadiq W,Orlowska M.E.Analyzing Process Models Using Graph Reduction Techniques.Information Systems.2000,25(2), P117~134.
[26] Fabio, Silvana, Mariagrazia Fugini.Isabelle Patterns to Design Rule in Workflow. Workflows Engineering.2000,Vo1.26,No.8.
[27] 范玉顺.企业建模理论与方法学导论[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[28] 王 茜,何文奇.虚拟企业供应链工作流模型的研究与实现[J].计算机集成制造系 统一 CIMS,2002.1(8):41-46.
[29] 鲍震宁.企业组织模型结构和建模方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2001, 37(23):67-69.
[30] 董章震,潘 捷,邓家提.工作流模型的研究与实现[J].计算机辅助工程,2002, 2(2):64-69.
[31] 夏长宏,陈文博.工作流系统建模与应用环境的研究[J].计算机工程, 2003.4(29):59-61.
[32] 张中林,殷新春,陈峻.基于 XML 的工作流定义语言的研究[J].扬州大学学报 (自然科学版),2002.8(5):48-52.
[33] 徐庆,袁兆山,潘秋菱.基于 XML 的工作流过程定义语言模型 XMWPDL[J].小 型微型计算机系统,2003.5(24):848-852.
[34] 谈贤芳,刘鲁源.一种基于 XML 的工作流过程模型的实现[J].控制工程, 2003.5(24):198-200.
[35] The Active XML Site.http://www.purl.org/net/axml.
[36] Serge Abiteboul:Active XML.http://activexml.net/axml-10-2004.pdf.
[37] Serge Abiteboul, Omar Benjelloun, Bogdan Cautis, Ioana Manolescu, Tova Milo, Nicoleta Preda:Lazy Query Evaluation for Active XML, SIGMOD 2004.
[38] Angela Bonifati: Dynamic XML Documents with Distribution and Replication, SIGMOD 2003.
[39] S.Abiteboul,O.Benjelloun, T.Milo, I.Manolescu, and R.Weber. Active XML:Peer to Peer Data and WebServices Integration(demo), In Proc. of VLDB,2002.
[40] 杨 东,王茧林,张申生.基于 XML 和 ECA 规则的工作流建模及执行[J],计算机 工程与应用,2003(32):62-67.
[41] 唐邦志,魏生民,景韶字,周 欣.工作流网 XML 映射[J].计算机工程与应用, 2003(36):41-44.
[42] 杨浩,杨铁男等译.C#高级编程(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[43] 毛晓飞,崔伟译.C# XML 入门经典.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.
[44] 孙永强,杨丽坤编著.Visual C#.NET 中文版 Web 服务开发基础.北京:清华大学 出版社,2002.
[45] GEORGAKOPOULOS D,HORNICK M,SHETH A.An overview of workflow management: from process modeling to workflow automation infrastructure[J].Distributed and parallel Databases ,1995,3(3):119-152.
[46] Hai Zhuge.A process matching approach for flexible workflow process reuse.Information and Software Technoloey, 2002.44 (8): 445-450.
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