大圆环直线感应电机的研究分析
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摘要
直线感应电机具有结构简单、成本低、耐用、便于维护等优点，是一种很重要的直线电机类型。本文对大圆环直线感应电机进行了深入细致研究，内容包括：(1)本文采用有限长行波面电流作用于有限长铁芯上的模型，引用了气隙磁场一维解，研究了单层绕组磁场，奇数极半填槽双层绕组在采用整距和短距时磁场的分析、比较，简单介绍了二维解；(2)用有限元软件Ansoft对大圆环直线感应电机空载气隙磁场进行了静态分析，并分析了结果；(3)用软件进行了额定电压下的瞬态分析，得到了转矩，位移，转速随时间变化曲线图，利用单极性霍尔元件测定转速并与软件计算结果进行了比较，采用等效电路法计算了堵转时的最大电磁力并做实验进行了验证，由实验测得了三相电流波形，并与计算结果进行了比较，对其不对称性进行了定性分析。
Linear induction motor is an important kind of machines which have some merits such as simple structure, low cost, durability, convenience for maintenance etc. The subject of this thesis is to study a big circular ring linear induction motor, and the major works in this thesis are summarized as follows:
(1) Considering the effects of the finite length of primary core, one-dimension analytical solution for the air gap field is cited in this paper. Based on it, the single layer winding magnetic field is studied. Considering whole-pitched and short-pitched winding configuration with odd poles and half-fulled slots in both ends, the double-layer winding magnetic field is analyzed, respectively. Besides, two-dimension analytical solution is also simply introduced.
(2) A software of the Finite Element Method is employed to analyze the stationary magnetic field distribution in the air-gap of the motor and the calculable results are discussed.
(3) The software of the Finite Element Method is also applied to calculate the transient behaviour of the motor under the rated voltage. The relations of torque, displacement, speed vs time are obtained, respectively. The speed is measured by a hall element and is compared with computation value. The maximum electromagnetic force during the rotor locked is obtained by the equivalent circuit method. The correctness of the presented method is verified by the experiments. Three-phase current waveforms are obtained by the experiments and are compared with computations, and its asymmetry about three-phase currents is analyzed.
Linear induction motor is an important kind of machines which have some merits such as simple structure, low cost, durability, convenience for maintenance etc. The subject of this thesis is to study a big circular ring linear induction motor, and the major works in this thesis are summarized as follows:
(1) Considering the effects of the finite length of primary core, one-dimension analytical solution for the air gap field is cited in this paper. Based on it, the single layer winding magnetic field is studied. Considering whole-pitched and short-pitched winding configuration with odd poles and half-fulled slots in both ends, the double-layer winding magnetic field is analyzed, respectively. Besides, two-dimension analytical solution is also simply introduced.
(2) A software of the Finite Element Method is employed to analyze the stationary magnetic field distribution in the air-gap of the motor and the calculable results are discussed.
(3) The software of the Finite Element Method is also applied to calculate the transient behaviour of the motor under the rated voltage. The relations of torque, displacement, speed vs time are obtained, respectively. The speed is measured by a hall element and is compared with computation value. The maximum electromagnetic force during the rotor locked is obtained by the equivalent circuit method. The correctness of the presented method is verified by the experiments. Three-phase current waveforms are obtained by the experiments and are compared with computations, and its asymmetry about three-phase currents is analyzed.
引文
[1]上海工业大学，上海电机厂．直线异步电动机．北京：机械工业出版社，1979．
[2]I. Boldea, S.A. Nasar. Quasi-dimensional theory of linear induction motors with half-filled primary endslots, Proc. IEE, 1975, vol. 122, No. 1, 61～66
[3]Peter-Klause Buding.Drehtromlinearmotoren,交流直线电动机，(林文元，刘星达译)，1987
[4]M．波罗亚多夫．直线感应电机理论．科学出版社，1985
[5]Duncan J. Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit model. ProcIEE, 1983, 130(1): 51～57
[6]Gieras J F, Eastham A R, Dawson G E. Performance calculation for singer-sided linear induction motors with a solid steel reaction plate under constant current excitation. ProcIEE, 1985, 132(4): 185～194
[7]高月春，熊光煜．直线异步电机空载气隙磁场的计算分析．太原理工大学学报 1999(5)
[8]高月春．直线感应电机空载气隙磁场分析．太原理工大学硕士学位，1998
[9]纳塞尔 SA，波尔达I著．直线电机．龙遐令等译．北京：科学出版社，1982．
[10]叶云岳．直线电机原理与应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2000．
[11]Hesmondhalgh D E, Tipping D. Equivalent rotor impedance of
sheet-rotor induction motors. Proc IEE, 1983,130(5): 331～340
[12] Duncan J. Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit modle.Proc IEE, 1983,130(1): 51～57
[13] Gieras J F, Eastham A R, Dawson G E. Performance calculation for single-sided linear induction motors with a solid steel reaction plate under constant current excitation. Proc IEE, 1985, 132(4): 185～194
[14] Nonaka S, Higuehi T. Approximate equations for calculation of characteristics of single-sided linear induction motors. Elec Eng Japan, 1982, 102(5);18～25
[15] Resin M G, Pirumian N M, et al. Some aspects of the linear motor' s design and application. Linear Electric Machines. London, IEE, 1974,21～24
[16] Schieber D. Principles of operation of linear induction devices. Proc IEE, 1973, 61(5): 647～656
[17] 龙遐令．直线异步电动机．电工技术杂志，1998(3)：47～50
[18] 张广溢．直线电机静态纵向边端效应研究．电工技术学报，1999(5)：18～21
[19] 张广溢．直线电机静态横向边端效应研究．微特电机．2000(1)：13～15
[20] 乔景富．直线电机在车床上的应用．机电一体化．1998，(3)：31～34
[21] 陈世坤，电机设计．机械工业出版社，2000，(6)(第二版)．
[22] 张继桓．电工常用手册．湖南科学技术出版社 1981，(8)(第一版)．
[23] 宋飞，朱有贵．复合次级直线电机的研制．陕西煤炭技术 2002(4)：33～36
[24] 徐建俊．直线感应电动机数学模型的计算．淮阴工学院学报．2002
(2)11卷1期
[25] 赵思红，范慧林．电机转矩转速测量方法的分析．光学 精密工程．2002(6)10卷3期
[26] 沈瑞珠，崔广渊．直线电机电磁机构中磁场与电磁力的有限元分析 洛阳工学院学报．1995(12)16卷4期
[27] 杨大为．直线电机应用概况及发展动态．电子机械工程综述与动态．1998(5) 1～3
[28] 郭晓红，郭宏凯．直线感应电机次级受力及速度分析．华北电力大学学报．1999(7)26卷3期
[29] 汤晓燕．Y／△起动时感应电动机的瞬态电流和电磁转矩．电机与控制学报．2001，(12)5卷4期220～223
[30] 李彦新．电磁力的作用和电磁转矩的产生．河北工业科技．2001(67)18卷3期10～13．
[31] 钟麟康．异步电动机转矩转速特性测试研究．电机技术．1997(1)32～34
[32] 丁志刚．微特直线电动机开发应用的前景．微电机．1995(4)：16～18
[33] 胡支光．电机电磁场的分析与计算．北京：机械工业出版社．1982．
[34] 冯慈璋．电磁场．北京：高等教育出版社．1979．
[35] Coulomb J L.A Methodology for the determination of global electromechanical quantities from a finite element analysis and its application to the evaluation of magnetic force, torque and stiffness. IEEE Transactions on Magnetic. 1983,19(6):2512～2519.
[36] 唐任远．特种电机．北京：机械工业出版社．1998
[2]I. Boldea, S.A. Nasar. Quasi-dimensional theory of linear induction motors with half-filled primary endslots, Proc. IEE, 1975, vol. 122, No. 1, 61～66
[3]Peter-Klause Buding.Drehtromlinearmotoren,交流直线电动机，(林文元，刘星达译)，1987
[4]M．波罗亚多夫．直线感应电机理论．科学出版社，1985
[5]Duncan J. Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit model. ProcIEE, 1983, 130(1): 51～57
[6]Gieras J F, Eastham A R, Dawson G E. Performance calculation for singer-sided linear induction motors with a solid steel reaction plate under constant current excitation. ProcIEE, 1985, 132(4): 185～194
[7]高月春，熊光煜．直线异步电机空载气隙磁场的计算分析．太原理工大学学报 1999(5)
[8]高月春．直线感应电机空载气隙磁场分析．太原理工大学硕士学位，1998
[9]纳塞尔 SA，波尔达I著．直线电机．龙遐令等译．北京：科学出版社，1982．
[10]叶云岳．直线电机原理与应用．北京：机械工业出版社，2000．
[11]Hesmondhalgh D E, Tipping D. Equivalent rotor impedance of
sheet-rotor induction motors. Proc IEE, 1983,130(5): 331～340
[12] Duncan J. Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit modle.Proc IEE, 1983,130(1): 51～57
[13] Gieras J F, Eastham A R, Dawson G E. Performance calculation for single-sided linear induction motors with a solid steel reaction plate under constant current excitation. Proc IEE, 1985, 132(4): 185～194
[14] Nonaka S, Higuehi T. Approximate equations for calculation of characteristics of single-sided linear induction motors. Elec Eng Japan, 1982, 102(5);18～25
[15] Resin M G, Pirumian N M, et al. Some aspects of the linear motor' s design and application. Linear Electric Machines. London, IEE, 1974,21～24
[16] Schieber D. Principles of operation of linear induction devices. Proc IEE, 1973, 61(5): 647～656
[17] 龙遐令．直线异步电动机．电工技术杂志，1998(3)：47～50
[18] 张广溢．直线电机静态纵向边端效应研究．电工技术学报，1999(5)：18～21
[19] 张广溢．直线电机静态横向边端效应研究．微特电机．2000(1)：13～15
[20] 乔景富．直线电机在车床上的应用．机电一体化．1998，(3)：31～34
[21] 陈世坤，电机设计．机械工业出版社，2000，(6)(第二版)．
[22] 张继桓．电工常用手册．湖南科学技术出版社 1981，(8)(第一版)．
[23] 宋飞，朱有贵．复合次级直线电机的研制．陕西煤炭技术 2002(4)：33～36
[24] 徐建俊．直线感应电动机数学模型的计算．淮阴工学院学报．2002
(2)11卷1期
[25] 赵思红，范慧林．电机转矩转速测量方法的分析．光学 精密工程．2002(6)10卷3期
[26] 沈瑞珠，崔广渊．直线电机电磁机构中磁场与电磁力的有限元分析 洛阳工学院学报．1995(12)16卷4期
[27] 杨大为．直线电机应用概况及发展动态．电子机械工程综述与动态．1998(5) 1～3
[28] 郭晓红，郭宏凯．直线感应电机次级受力及速度分析．华北电力大学学报．1999(7)26卷3期
[29] 汤晓燕．Y／△起动时感应电动机的瞬态电流和电磁转矩．电机与控制学报．2001，(12)5卷4期220～223
[30] 李彦新．电磁力的作用和电磁转矩的产生．河北工业科技．2001(67)18卷3期10～13．
[31] 钟麟康．异步电动机转矩转速特性测试研究．电机技术．1997(1)32～34
[32] 丁志刚．微特直线电动机开发应用的前景．微电机．1995(4)：16～18
[33] 胡支光．电机电磁场的分析与计算．北京：机械工业出版社．1982．
[34] 冯慈璋．电磁场．北京：高等教育出版社．1979．
[35] Coulomb J L.A Methodology for the determination of global electromechanical quantities from a finite element analysis and its application to the evaluation of magnetic force, torque and stiffness. IEEE Transactions on Magnetic. 1983,19(6):2512～2519.
[36] 唐任远．特种电机．北京：机械工业出版社．1998
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