深部巷道围岩破坏机理及支护对策研究
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摘要
由于深部巷道应力构成复杂、环境影响加剧、围岩类型多变,深部巷道的破坏变形依然严重,对深部复杂高应力条件下巷道围岩的变形破坏机理、支护对策等仍需深入研究。本文采用实验室研究、模型实验、理论分析、数值模拟及现场观测等方法,对深部开采围岩的微观组成、力学特性、变形破坏机理、支护技术等进行了研究。从围岩对巷道工程支护对策选择及方案设计思路的影响出发,把深部围岩分为高应力完整围岩、高应力较完整层状围岩、高应力破碎围岩、高应力软弱围岩四种类型,并将深部复杂条件下的四类围岩归为离层断裂型和压力释放型工程软岩进行变形破坏特性、机理研究,进而提出支护对策及“刚柔互补、长短结合、及时主动、协调在控”支护原则。针对离层断裂型工程软岩巷道提出“及时抗压、一次到位”高强支护技术,并在现场应用,取得良好效果。
The breakage and deformation of deep roadway still serious since stress forming complex, the conditions influencing on surrounding rock aggravating and the vary surrounding rock. So it is still necessary to research on deformation, damaging mechanism and supporting countermeasure for all kinds of surrounding rock in deep high complex stress conditions. In this dissertation, combined the ways such as laboratory research, model test, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and situ observations etc., to research the micro-components, mechanical parameters, deformation and damaging mechanism, the using main construct model, supporting technology and optimizing scheme for the vary deep rock mass. Based on the influence of wall rock to supporting form and effect, it classified the deep wall rock to four kinds of high stress integral surrounding rock, more integral bedded surrounding rock, loosened surrounding rock, and soft surrounding rock. Based on the classified scheme, compartmentalized the four kinds wall rock to apart bedding rupture and pressure releasing engineering soft rock, and research their deformation characteristic and destroy mechanism, and bring foreword the supporting countermeasure and the theory of "firm and flexible coupling, long and short supporting material integrating, active and in-time supporting, corresponding and deformation controlling". The "once in-time support resisting suppress" high strength supporting technology was advanced to deal with the apart bedding rupture engineering soft rock. These technologies applied in represented mines and gained well effect.
The breakage and deformation of deep roadway still serious since stress forming complex, the conditions influencing on surrounding rock aggravating and the vary surrounding rock. So it is still necessary to research on deformation, damaging mechanism and supporting countermeasure for all kinds of surrounding rock in deep high complex stress conditions. In this dissertation, combined the ways such as laboratory research, model test, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and situ observations etc., to research the micro-components, mechanical parameters, deformation and damaging mechanism, the using main construct model, supporting technology and optimizing scheme for the vary deep rock mass. Based on the influence of wall rock to supporting form and effect, it classified the deep wall rock to four kinds of high stress integral surrounding rock, more integral bedded surrounding rock, loosened surrounding rock, and soft surrounding rock. Based on the classified scheme, compartmentalized the four kinds wall rock to apart bedding rupture and pressure releasing engineering soft rock, and research their deformation characteristic and destroy mechanism, and bring foreword the supporting countermeasure and the theory of "firm and flexible coupling, long and short supporting material integrating, active and in-time supporting, corresponding and deformation controlling". The "once in-time support resisting suppress" high strength supporting technology was advanced to deal with the apart bedding rupture engineering soft rock. These technologies applied in represented mines and gained well effect.
引文
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