电子商务物流配送研究
摘要
在经济全球化的浪潮中，电子商务扮演着越来越重要的角色，影响着企业的生存和发展，给企业带来了新的挑战和发展机遇。在电子商务环境下，如何提高企业的物流配送服务水平，既能满足客户需求，又要减少成本，提高企业的竞争力，已成为理论界和实务界的共识。
本文分析了物流配送的产生和发展、物流配送的业务流程和功能及物流配送是实现电子商务的重要环节和保证，并结合我国电子商务物流配送现状，指出了我国电子商务物流配送存在的问题，为进一步研究奠定了基础；分析了电子商务对物流配送的要求、电子商务物流配送的特征和降低物流配送成本的途径，并结合我国电子商务物流配送模式实际，提出了我国电子商务物流配送模式构想；通过对电子商务物流配送理论方法选择研究，在站点群的划分原则和方法的基础上，建立了多站点可以重复访问的物流配送模型，运用该模型，可以求解合理的配送次序，使可以重复访问时配送费用最少，并列举了实例；通过研究紧急情况下物流配送的必要性，建立了紧急情况下的物流配送模型，运用该模型，可以解决配送中心在缺货的情况下，选择合理的供货点及运输方式的问题，使供货时间最短、供货费用最少，并列举了实例、编制了相应的软件。本文建立的模型操作性强，具有较强的实用价值。
On the way of economy globalization, E-Commerce acts as a more and more important role. It influences exist and development of enterprises, and bring about new challenge and development opportunity. In E-Commerce environment, it has been become a common sense in the field of theory and practice how to raise the level Logistics distribution service so that the demands of customers can be satisfied, cost can be reduced, and competing ability.
In the paper, the engendering and development, business flow and function of Logistics distribution are analyzed, that Logistics distribution is important link and assurance of realizing E-Commerce are analyzed, the problems existed in E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China is put forward by the actuality of E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China, and the above study establish the basement of later study. Logistics distribution's demand to E-Commerce, the feature of E-commerce Logistics distribution, the way of reducing cost of E-commerce Logistics distribution, actuality of the mode of E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China are analyzed, and the mode of E-commerce Logistics distribution in China is put forward; By selectively studying the theory and method of Logistics distribution and studying the principle and method of dividing the group of places, The model Logistics distribution allowing visiting repeated of multiple places is established, the model is used to solve rational distribution sequence to reach lest cost to allowing visiting repeatedly, and an actual example is taken. The model Logistics distribution in emergency has been established on the base of studying the necessity of Logistics distribution in emergency in Logistics distribution center. The model is used to solve the problem of choosing proper providing place and transportation fashion out of stock, to shortest distribution time, lowest distribution cost, and actual example is used, the relevant software has been writtea The models can be operated effectively and have powerful applied value.
本文分析了物流配送的产生和发展、物流配送的业务流程和功能及物流配送是实现电子商务的重要环节和保证，并结合我国电子商务物流配送现状，指出了我国电子商务物流配送存在的问题，为进一步研究奠定了基础；分析了电子商务对物流配送的要求、电子商务物流配送的特征和降低物流配送成本的途径，并结合我国电子商务物流配送模式实际，提出了我国电子商务物流配送模式构想；通过对电子商务物流配送理论方法选择研究，在站点群的划分原则和方法的基础上，建立了多站点可以重复访问的物流配送模型，运用该模型，可以求解合理的配送次序，使可以重复访问时配送费用最少，并列举了实例；通过研究紧急情况下物流配送的必要性，建立了紧急情况下的物流配送模型，运用该模型，可以解决配送中心在缺货的情况下，选择合理的供货点及运输方式的问题，使供货时间最短、供货费用最少，并列举了实例、编制了相应的软件。本文建立的模型操作性强，具有较强的实用价值。
On the way of economy globalization, E-Commerce acts as a more and more important role. It influences exist and development of enterprises, and bring about new challenge and development opportunity. In E-Commerce environment, it has been become a common sense in the field of theory and practice how to raise the level Logistics distribution service so that the demands of customers can be satisfied, cost can be reduced, and competing ability.
In the paper, the engendering and development, business flow and function of Logistics distribution are analyzed, that Logistics distribution is important link and assurance of realizing E-Commerce are analyzed, the problems existed in E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China is put forward by the actuality of E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China, and the above study establish the basement of later study. Logistics distribution's demand to E-Commerce, the feature of E-commerce Logistics distribution, the way of reducing cost of E-commerce Logistics distribution, actuality of the mode of E-Commerce Logistics distribution in China are analyzed, and the mode of E-commerce Logistics distribution in China is put forward; By selectively studying the theory and method of Logistics distribution and studying the principle and method of dividing the group of places, The model Logistics distribution allowing visiting repeated of multiple places is established, the model is used to solve rational distribution sequence to reach lest cost to allowing visiting repeatedly, and an actual example is taken. The model Logistics distribution in emergency has been established on the base of studying the necessity of Logistics distribution in emergency in Logistics distribution center. The model is used to solve the problem of choosing proper providing place and transportation fashion out of stock, to shortest distribution time, lowest distribution cost, and actual example is used, the relevant software has been writtea The models can be operated effectively and have powerful applied value.
引文
[1] 宋华、胡左浩．现代物流与供应链管理[M]．北京：经济管理出版社．2000，4
[2] 王之泰．现代物流管理[M]．北京：中国工人出版社．2001，7
[3] 兰宜生 等．电子商务物流管理[M]．北京：中国财政经济出版社．2001，8
[4] (日)汤浅和夫 著，张鸿译．物流管理[M]．上海：文汇出版社．2002，7
[5] (日)汤浅和夫 著，孙玉生 译．供应链下的物流管理[M]．深圳：海天出版社．2002，6
[6] 罗来仪，王智强．现代物流知识问答[M]．北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社．2002，1
[7] 赵燕平．电子商务基础与应[M]．北京：北京大学出版社．2001，5
[8] (美)Peter Finger，Harsha Kumar,tarun．Sharma 著，懂春莲，吴宇昕译．企业电子商务[M]．深圳：海天出版社．2001，4
[9] 宋华．现代物流与供应链管理案例[M]．北京：经济管理出版社．2001，7
[10] 沈文，邓爱民．国内外物流经典案例——企业家之桥[M]．北京：人民交通出版社．2001，9
[11] 秦明森，王方强．适用物流技术[M]．北京：中国物质出版社．2001，10
[12] (美)Ronald H．Ballon 著．王晓东，胡瑞娟等译．企业物流管理——供应链的规划、组织和控制[M]．北京：机械工业出版社．2002，2
[13] 张吉军．现代决策分析及其应用[M]．成都：四川大学出版社．2001，9
[14] 运筹学编写组．运筹学[M]．北京：清华大学出版社．1990，1
[15] (美)Nirwan Ansari，Edwin Hou 著．李军等 译．用于最优化的计
算机智能[M]．北京：清华大学出版社．1999，12
[16] 丁俊发．中国物流[M]．北京：中国物资出版社．2002，3
[17] 郝渊晓．现代物流配送管理[M]．广州：中山大学出版社．2001，11
[18] 徐天亮．运输与配送[M]．北京：中国物资出版社．2002，10
[19] 向盛斌．物流系统中的运输决策[J]．物流技术．2001，3：25-26
[20] 郭成．GPS技术在物流配送中的应用分析[J]．物流技术．2002，3：26-27
[21] 程德通．电子商务与物流配送[J]．三明高等专科学校学报．2001，3：108-120
[22] 何世明，孙建军．我国电子商务物流配送模式初探[J]．科技管理研究．2001，3：44-47
[23] Haul.Lee, Seungin Whang.Winning the last mile of E-Commence [J]. Mit Solan Management Review, Summer, 2001: 54-62
[24] 白军伟．我国物流发展现状与对策[J]．工作研究．2002，3：20-22
[2] 王之泰．现代物流管理[M]．北京：中国工人出版社．2001，7
[3] 兰宜生 等．电子商务物流管理[M]．北京：中国财政经济出版社．2001，8
[4] (日)汤浅和夫 著，张鸿译．物流管理[M]．上海：文汇出版社．2002，7
[5] (日)汤浅和夫 著，孙玉生 译．供应链下的物流管理[M]．深圳：海天出版社．2002，6
[6] 罗来仪，王智强．现代物流知识问答[M]．北京：对外经济贸易大学出版社．2002，1
[7] 赵燕平．电子商务基础与应[M]．北京：北京大学出版社．2001，5
[8] (美)Peter Finger，Harsha Kumar,tarun．Sharma 著，懂春莲，吴宇昕译．企业电子商务[M]．深圳：海天出版社．2001，4
[9] 宋华．现代物流与供应链管理案例[M]．北京：经济管理出版社．2001，7
[10] 沈文，邓爱民．国内外物流经典案例——企业家之桥[M]．北京：人民交通出版社．2001，9
[11] 秦明森，王方强．适用物流技术[M]．北京：中国物质出版社．2001，10
[12] (美)Ronald H．Ballon 著．王晓东，胡瑞娟等译．企业物流管理——供应链的规划、组织和控制[M]．北京：机械工业出版社．2002，2
[13] 张吉军．现代决策分析及其应用[M]．成都：四川大学出版社．2001，9
[14] 运筹学编写组．运筹学[M]．北京：清华大学出版社．1990，1
[15] (美)Nirwan Ansari，Edwin Hou 著．李军等 译．用于最优化的计
算机智能[M]．北京：清华大学出版社．1999，12
[16] 丁俊发．中国物流[M]．北京：中国物资出版社．2002，3
[17] 郝渊晓．现代物流配送管理[M]．广州：中山大学出版社．2001，11
[18] 徐天亮．运输与配送[M]．北京：中国物资出版社．2002，10
[19] 向盛斌．物流系统中的运输决策[J]．物流技术．2001，3：25-26
[20] 郭成．GPS技术在物流配送中的应用分析[J]．物流技术．2002，3：26-27
[21] 程德通．电子商务与物流配送[J]．三明高等专科学校学报．2001，3：108-120
[22] 何世明，孙建军．我国电子商务物流配送模式初探[J]．科技管理研究．2001，3：44-47
[23] Haul.Lee, Seungin Whang.Winning the last mile of E-Commence [J]. Mit Solan Management Review, Summer, 2001: 54-62
[24] 白军伟．我国物流发展现状与对策[J]．工作研究．2002，3：20-22