面向研发企业的通用软件度量系统的建立和实现
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摘要
目前一些信息化程度比较高的软件相关企业使用了众多的工具系统以支持其研发过程,导致研发过程的数据分布在不同的工具系统中,同时数据又往往存储于不同种的数据库,并且还可能分布在不同地点,因此很难集中获取这些数据信息,给项目的辅助决策与企业的决策支持带来不便。
本文从该问题出发,阐述了软件度量方法论,研究了软件度量过程的信息模型和度量构造方法。在此基础上提出了通用软件度量系统。该系统具有开放性,能支持自定义度量实体,通过动态创建度量指标显示度量信息。度量系统采用目前比较成熟的数据抽取软件把各业务系统数据自动抽取到度量系统数据库中,保证了度量系统的数据与业务系统数据的一致性。通用软件度量系统的功能划分为度量配置、项目配置、数据处理、度量展示四个模块,针对度量实体的属性,按照一定的度量方法和度量函数生成基本度量和派生度量,从而生成指示器。
其次,本文讲解了通用软件度量系统的若干技术难点,着重分析和解决了异种异地数据的增量同步,项目基础信息的建立和统一和如何在系统中实现按用户定义动态展示度量信息的技术难点问题。
最后,我们对通用软件度量系统进行具体的实践。分析了一家软件相关企业的研发过程现状,并按通用软件度量系统所要求的内容进行实施,取得卓有成效的成果,能实时对系统所产生的数据进行度量展示,保证企业作出正确的决策。
The modern company meets with the problem for getting effective information difficultly because many R&D process data not only exists in varied R&D system tools, which are developed by varied company, but also exists in different kind of database. So it is hard to make decision for project and enterprise manager.
This paper brings up one General Software Measurement System (GSMS) for R&D enterprise from this problem based on the research of software metrics method. The system is open, and supports owner defined measure item and also can create measure figure according to need. The model uses data ETL software to load the data from varied tools automatically. The GSMS has four modules, which are Measure Configure, Project Configure, Data Process and Measure Display. It is to show the measure information by Basic Measure, Derived Measure and Indicator according to some Measure Methods and Measure Functions. Then the critical problems for the system are studied, these are the problems including data synchronization for varied kind data in different area, establishing and unifying base project information, dynamic measurement by need.
Finally, the implementation example of the system in one company is given. It gets the effective result and can measure and show the data of the company by owner defined measure figure dynamically.
本文从该问题出发,阐述了软件度量方法论,研究了软件度量过程的信息模型和度量构造方法。在此基础上提出了通用软件度量系统。该系统具有开放性,能支持自定义度量实体,通过动态创建度量指标显示度量信息。度量系统采用目前比较成熟的数据抽取软件把各业务系统数据自动抽取到度量系统数据库中,保证了度量系统的数据与业务系统数据的一致性。通用软件度量系统的功能划分为度量配置、项目配置、数据处理、度量展示四个模块,针对度量实体的属性,按照一定的度量方法和度量函数生成基本度量和派生度量,从而生成指示器。
其次,本文讲解了通用软件度量系统的若干技术难点,着重分析和解决了异种异地数据的增量同步,项目基础信息的建立和统一和如何在系统中实现按用户定义动态展示度量信息的技术难点问题。
最后,我们对通用软件度量系统进行具体的实践。分析了一家软件相关企业的研发过程现状,并按通用软件度量系统所要求的内容进行实施,取得卓有成效的成果,能实时对系统所产生的数据进行度量展示,保证企业作出正确的决策。
The modern company meets with the problem for getting effective information difficultly because many R&D process data not only exists in varied R&D system tools, which are developed by varied company, but also exists in different kind of database. So it is hard to make decision for project and enterprise manager.
This paper brings up one General Software Measurement System (GSMS) for R&D enterprise from this problem based on the research of software metrics method. The system is open, and supports owner defined measure item and also can create measure figure according to need. The model uses data ETL software to load the data from varied tools automatically. The GSMS has four modules, which are Measure Configure, Project Configure, Data Process and Measure Display. It is to show the measure information by Basic Measure, Derived Measure and Indicator according to some Measure Methods and Measure Functions. Then the critical problems for the system are studied, these are the problems including data synchronization for varied kind data in different area, establishing and unifying base project information, dynamic measurement by need.
Finally, the implementation example of the system in one company is given. It gets the effective result and can measure and show the data of the company by owner defined measure figure dynamically.
引文
[1] (美) Mary Beth Chrissis,Mike Konrad,Sandy Shrum ,CMMI-过程集成与产品改进指南,影印版,北京,清华大学出版社,2004,247
[2] (美) John McGarry, David Card, Cheryl Jones 等,实用软件度量,北京,机械工业出版社,2003,7、18-25
[3] IBM Rational ClearCase 软件 概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/clearcase/
[4] IBM Rational ClearQuest 软件 概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/clearquest/
[5] IBM Rational RequisitePro 软件概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/requisitepro/
[6] 郑翔,中文 Lotus Domino/Notes R5 系统管理高级技术,北京,机械工业出版社, 2001
[7] Microsoft Office Project Professional 随机帮助,Microsoft Office Project Professional 软件随机资料
[8] (美) Kim Caputo,CMM 实施与软件过程改进 CMM Implementation Guide,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[9]杨一平,软件能力成熟度模型 CMM 方法及其应用,人民邮电出版社,北京,2001 年,262
[10]任雪萍,吴鹏,CMM 在我国的现状和发展,杭州电子工业学院学报,2004 年 12 月 第24 卷第 6 期
[11] (美) Design M.Ahern,Aaron Clouse,Richard Turner,CMMI 精粹 - 集成化过程改进实用导论,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[12]麦格纳森,克劳斯里德,伯格曼,六西格马:通向卓越质量的务实之路,中国标准出版社,北京,2001 年,42
[13] TeraQuest Metrics, Inc.,Measure and Analysis Workshop v. 2.4
[14] 王瑄,李燕,应用 Web Services 构建多层架构的高效 .net 应用,北京科学出版社,2005
[15]Milena Litoiu,使用 IBM Software Development Platform 开发端到端的解决方案,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/ondemand/i-modev1/,IBM developerWorks
[16] (美) Capers Jones,软件评估、基准测试与最佳实践,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[17] 林锐,王慧文,董军,CMMI 3 级软件过程改进方法与规范,北京,电子工业出版社,2002
[18] (美)William A.Florac,Anita D.Careton,度量软件过程 - 用于软件过程改进的统计过程控制,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[19] 王丽珍,周丽华,陈红梅等, 数据仓库与数据挖掘原理及应用,北京,科学出版社,2005,6-12
[20] (印)杰罗特,软件项目管理实践,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,18,91-101
[21] (美) Alan Shalloway,James R. Troll,Design Patterns Explained,北京,中国电力出版社,2004
[22] (英)Norman E.Fenton,(美)Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,软件度量:严格而实用的方法,影印版,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,14-21
[23] (美)凯文·福斯伯格,哈尔·穆兹,霍华德·科特曼,可视化项目管理,获取商务与技术成功德实用模型,第 2 版,北京,电子工业出版社,2002,31
[24] (美)Stephen Chelack,Oracle8i 与 SQL Server 2000 集成,北京,电子工业出版社,2001,34-47
[25] Informatica PowerCenter 产品介绍, http://www.informatica.com/products/powercenter/default.htm
[26] Informatica PowerCenter 6.2.1 用户手册,Informatica PowerCenter 6.2.1 软件随机资料
[27] Ascential DataStage 用户手册,Ascential DataStage 软件随机资料
[28]Project Management Institute , A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide) Third Edition,2004,173-175
[29] Mercury Quality Center 产品介绍,http://www.mercury.com/us/products/quality-center/
[2] (美) John McGarry, David Card, Cheryl Jones 等,实用软件度量,北京,机械工业出版社,2003,7、18-25
[3] IBM Rational ClearCase 软件 概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/clearcase/
[4] IBM Rational ClearQuest 软件 概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/clearquest/
[5] IBM Rational RequisitePro 软件概述, http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/software/rational/products/requisitepro/
[6] 郑翔,中文 Lotus Domino/Notes R5 系统管理高级技术,北京,机械工业出版社, 2001
[7] Microsoft Office Project Professional 随机帮助,Microsoft Office Project Professional 软件随机资料
[8] (美) Kim Caputo,CMM 实施与软件过程改进 CMM Implementation Guide,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[9]杨一平,软件能力成熟度模型 CMM 方法及其应用,人民邮电出版社,北京,2001 年,262
[10]任雪萍,吴鹏,CMM 在我国的现状和发展,杭州电子工业学院学报,2004 年 12 月 第24 卷第 6 期
[11] (美) Design M.Ahern,Aaron Clouse,Richard Turner,CMMI 精粹 - 集成化过程改进实用导论,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[12]麦格纳森,克劳斯里德,伯格曼,六西格马:通向卓越质量的务实之路,中国标准出版社,北京,2001 年,42
[13] TeraQuest Metrics, Inc.,Measure and Analysis Workshop v. 2.4
[14] 王瑄,李燕,应用 Web Services 构建多层架构的高效 .net 应用,北京科学出版社,2005
[15]Milena Litoiu,使用 IBM Software Development Platform 开发端到端的解决方案,http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/ondemand/i-modev1/,IBM developerWorks
[16] (美) Capers Jones,软件评估、基准测试与最佳实践,北京,机械工业出版社,2003
[17] 林锐,王慧文,董军,CMMI 3 级软件过程改进方法与规范,北京,电子工业出版社,2002
[18] (美)William A.Florac,Anita D.Careton,度量软件过程 - 用于软件过程改进的统计过程控制,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[19] 王丽珍,周丽华,陈红梅等, 数据仓库与数据挖掘原理及应用,北京,科学出版社,2005,6-12
[20] (印)杰罗特,软件项目管理实践,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,18,91-101
[21] (美) Alan Shalloway,James R. Troll,Design Patterns Explained,北京,中国电力出版社,2004
[22] (英)Norman E.Fenton,(美)Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,软件度量:严格而实用的方法,影印版,北京,清华大学出版社,2003,14-21
[23] (美)凯文·福斯伯格,哈尔·穆兹,霍华德·科特曼,可视化项目管理,获取商务与技术成功德实用模型,第 2 版,北京,电子工业出版社,2002,31
[24] (美)Stephen Chelack,Oracle8i 与 SQL Server 2000 集成,北京,电子工业出版社,2001,34-47
[25] Informatica PowerCenter 产品介绍, http://www.informatica.com/products/powercenter/default.htm
[26] Informatica PowerCenter 6.2.1 用户手册,Informatica PowerCenter 6.2.1 软件随机资料
[27] Ascential DataStage 用户手册,Ascential DataStage 软件随机资料
[28]Project Management Institute , A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK Guide) Third Edition,2004,173-175
[29] Mercury Quality Center 产品介绍,http://www.mercury.com/us/products/quality-center/