基于构件的软件复用技术应用研究
摘要
随着软件需求的激增,软件规模和复杂度的不断增大,传统的软件开发模式面临着前所未有的挑战,人们开始探索新的软件开发技术来适应软件发展的要求。软件复用是解决这一软件危机行之有效的方法,软构件技术则在软件复用中扮演着重要的角色。
基于软构件的软件开发技术是一种在软件开发中避免重复劳动的解决方案,是软件复用思想在实践中的应用,其出发点是应用系统的开发不再采用一切“从零开始”的模式,而是以己有的工作为基础,充分利用过去应用系统开发中积累的知识和经验,以软件体系结构为组装蓝图,以构件为组装部件,支持组装式开发。通过此技术,在应用系统开发中充分利用己有的开发成果,将开发的重点集中于应用的特有构成成分,不仅可以实现最小编码,而且大大减轻了测试和维护的工作量,还是消除重复劳动、避免重新开发可能引入的错误、提高软件生产效率和质量、缩短软件产品交付时间的现实有效途径之一。
论文根据软件复用技术的发展状况,在解析软件危机实质、分析研究软件复用和软件构件技术及软件开发方法相关概念和规范的基础上,对基于构件的软件开发技术进行了深入研究。分析和研究了软件复用的概念、原理、关键技术、分类、意义、研究现状及存在问题,指出软件复用技术将为软件开发和工程建设带来革命性变化。系统研究了构件的概念、特点、分类、描述方法、构件实现的规范和标准(COM, DCOM, CORBA, Javabean/EJB ),分析了构件库以及构件的演化,从开发构件和基于构件应用软件系统构造两方面入手,研究了基于构件软件开发基本思路和生命周期模型,开发构件的设计原则,构件组装软件系统的方法等。
最后,就基于构件软件开发技术在图书馆MIS中的应用作了探讨,给出了相应的开发模型及具体事例,初步规划了图书馆MIS的相关构件,并构建了查询构件,从实践应用上证明了这种技术在系统设计和快速实现方面所具有的优势。
With the increasing needs for software and the ever expanding scale and increasing complexity of software, the traditional pattern for software development is facing a challenge it has never encountered before, so people are searching for new software development technology to meet the needs for software development. One of the effective ways to overcome this“software crisis”is software reuse, in which software component technology plays an important role.
The software development technology based on components is a solution which can avoid reusable work for software development. It is the usage of software reuse in practice. It supports the assemble software development pattern. It is based on reusable components, the best structure of software and the experiment of software development. It is the way to minimize code, to lighten the work of software maintenance and test, to avoid to errors to software development again, to increase efficiency of software development through the usage of reusable components.
In accord to development of software reuse technology, On the base of analyzing the core of“software crisis”and relevant concepts like software reuse, software component technology, software development methods, this thesis deeply research software development technology based on components. This thesis is detail about the definition, principium, key technology, classify, meaning and the problem of software reuse. This thesis is detail about the definition of component and include definition, classify, describing method, realization, standard(COM, DCOM, CORBA, Javabean/EJB) . It also analyses the management of component. It starts its work from the two aspects of developing components and application software system based on components. The article studies the fundamental idea and the lifecycle model of software development based on components. It develops the designing principle of components and components integration software system etc.
Finally, in giving corresponding developing model and examples, the thesis discusses the application of software development technology based on components in library MIS, and build the querying component, to make good use of this technology in practice, and test that this technology has great advantage for software design rapidly.
基于软构件的软件开发技术是一种在软件开发中避免重复劳动的解决方案,是软件复用思想在实践中的应用,其出发点是应用系统的开发不再采用一切“从零开始”的模式,而是以己有的工作为基础,充分利用过去应用系统开发中积累的知识和经验,以软件体系结构为组装蓝图,以构件为组装部件,支持组装式开发。通过此技术,在应用系统开发中充分利用己有的开发成果,将开发的重点集中于应用的特有构成成分,不仅可以实现最小编码,而且大大减轻了测试和维护的工作量,还是消除重复劳动、避免重新开发可能引入的错误、提高软件生产效率和质量、缩短软件产品交付时间的现实有效途径之一。
论文根据软件复用技术的发展状况,在解析软件危机实质、分析研究软件复用和软件构件技术及软件开发方法相关概念和规范的基础上,对基于构件的软件开发技术进行了深入研究。分析和研究了软件复用的概念、原理、关键技术、分类、意义、研究现状及存在问题,指出软件复用技术将为软件开发和工程建设带来革命性变化。系统研究了构件的概念、特点、分类、描述方法、构件实现的规范和标准(COM, DCOM, CORBA, Javabean/EJB ),分析了构件库以及构件的演化,从开发构件和基于构件应用软件系统构造两方面入手,研究了基于构件软件开发基本思路和生命周期模型,开发构件的设计原则,构件组装软件系统的方法等。
最后,就基于构件软件开发技术在图书馆MIS中的应用作了探讨,给出了相应的开发模型及具体事例,初步规划了图书馆MIS的相关构件,并构建了查询构件,从实践应用上证明了这种技术在系统设计和快速实现方面所具有的优势。
With the increasing needs for software and the ever expanding scale and increasing complexity of software, the traditional pattern for software development is facing a challenge it has never encountered before, so people are searching for new software development technology to meet the needs for software development. One of the effective ways to overcome this“software crisis”is software reuse, in which software component technology plays an important role.
The software development technology based on components is a solution which can avoid reusable work for software development. It is the usage of software reuse in practice. It supports the assemble software development pattern. It is based on reusable components, the best structure of software and the experiment of software development. It is the way to minimize code, to lighten the work of software maintenance and test, to avoid to errors to software development again, to increase efficiency of software development through the usage of reusable components.
In accord to development of software reuse technology, On the base of analyzing the core of“software crisis”and relevant concepts like software reuse, software component technology, software development methods, this thesis deeply research software development technology based on components. This thesis is detail about the definition, principium, key technology, classify, meaning and the problem of software reuse. This thesis is detail about the definition of component and include definition, classify, describing method, realization, standard(COM, DCOM, CORBA, Javabean/EJB) . It also analyses the management of component. It starts its work from the two aspects of developing components and application software system based on components. The article studies the fundamental idea and the lifecycle model of software development based on components. It develops the designing principle of components and components integration software system etc.
Finally, in giving corresponding developing model and examples, the thesis discusses the application of software development technology based on components in library MIS, and build the querying component, to make good use of this technology in practice, and test that this technology has great advantage for software design rapidly.
引文
[1] 杨芙清.构件技术引临软件开发新潮流.电子出版.2005 年 02 期
[2] 杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报.1999 年 02 期
[3] 曹春萍,龚崇栋.基于可复用构件的软件开发过程..上海水产大学学报.2005 年 03 期
[4] 梅宏,张路,杨芙清.计算机科学技术学报(英文版).2002 年 04 期
[5] 贺新闻.基于可复用构件 MIS 开发模式探讨.中国管理信息化(综合版). 2006 年 10 期 A
[6] 徐如志.基于复用的软件过程改进方法与优化控制技术研究.复旦大学博士论文.2004年
[7] 杨芙清.软件复用及其相关技术.计算机世界《产品与技术》版.1999.3.15
[8] (美)Carma McClure 著, 廖泰安,宋志远,沈升源译.软件复用技术在系统开发过程中考虑复用.机械工业出版社,中信工业出版社
[9] 朱建江.基于软件构件的软件复用的研究.南京航空航天大学博士论文. 2002 年
[10] 张春枝, 王弘.基于 C/S 与 B/W/S 混合模式的 MIS 系统设计.计算机应用研究.2001. 10
[11] MAGEE J, KRAMER J.Concurrency State models and Java programs[M].London: John Wiley and Sons.1999
[12] Pearl Brereton and David Budgen.Component-Based Systems.A Classification of Issues,IEEE Computer.2000.10
[13] Meyer,B.“On to Components”. IEEE Computer. January 1999.
[14] Keith Short. Component Based Development and Object Modeling. Sterling Software.1997
[15] C. Szyperski. Component Software-Beyond Object-Oriented Programming. Addison Wesley Longman.inc..1998
[16] William D.Burg,etc.Exploring a Comprehensive CBD Method.Use of CBD/e in Practice.
[17] Thomas Schiepek . A Comparison Of Component Technologies . the seminar Component-Based Software Development organized by Rene Stolle. 2001
[18] Supernova Software Inc.Component- based Development and Integration of Legacy.Systems Reality Today.July 2000
[19] John Foreman et al..software Technology ReVleW.CMU/SEI. June.1997
[20] Will Tracz.Confessions of a Used Program Salesman-Institutionalizing Software Reuse. Addison 一 Wesley Publishing Co..New York. NY. April 1995
[21] Jacobson,Ivar.Object-Oriented Software Engineering.A Use Case Driven Approach.Addison Wesley Reading.MA.1992
[22] Michael R G,Steven P K. Software Agents〔J〕.Communications of the ACM,1994,37(7).
[23] Tom Digre and Business. object Component Architecture.componentTorget’99. 1999.3
[24] Michael S.Mahoney.The History of Computing in the History of Technology.Annals of the History of Computing.Volume 10,Number 2.1988
[25] Benneth Christiansson and Lars Jakobsson.Component-Based Software Development Life Cycles.2000
[26] Prieto-Diaz, Ruben and Arango.G..Eds..Domain Analysis and Software System Modeling
[27] Martin, James ,Information Engineering.Book I. Prentice Hall.Englewood Cliffs. NJ.1989
[28] Kang,et al.Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis Feasibility Study
[29] Steve Vinoski.New Features for CORBA 3.0.Communications of the ACM.Vol.41.No.10 October 1998
[30] Ivar Jacobson.The Unified Software Development Process[M].Addison Wesley Longman. Inc..1999
[31] Wills and D’Souza. gorous Component-Based Development . Building Systems With Components.97,10
[32] Thomas Schiepek. A Comparison Of Component Technologies. the seminar Component-Based Software Development organized by Rene Stolle.2001
[33] Basili, V, Rombach, H.. “Support for comprehensive reuse”.Sofeware Engineering Journal. September 1991
[34] Domain Analysis and Design Process.DIS/CIM Software Program.Arlington
[35] Gaffney,J.E. and Durek,T.A..“Software Reuse-Key to Enhanced Productivity . Some Quantative Models,” Information and Software Technology.Vol.31. May1989
[36] Frakes, William and Fox.Christopher “Software Reuse Survey Report,” Software Engineering Guild. Steering.VA. 1994
[2] 杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术.电子学报.1999 年 02 期
[3] 曹春萍,龚崇栋.基于可复用构件的软件开发过程..上海水产大学学报.2005 年 03 期
[4] 梅宏,张路,杨芙清.计算机科学技术学报(英文版).2002 年 04 期
[5] 贺新闻.基于可复用构件 MIS 开发模式探讨.中国管理信息化(综合版). 2006 年 10 期 A
[6] 徐如志.基于复用的软件过程改进方法与优化控制技术研究.复旦大学博士论文.2004年
[7] 杨芙清.软件复用及其相关技术.计算机世界《产品与技术》版.1999.3.15
[8] (美)Carma McClure 著, 廖泰安,宋志远,沈升源译.软件复用技术在系统开发过程中考虑复用.机械工业出版社,中信工业出版社
[9] 朱建江.基于软件构件的软件复用的研究.南京航空航天大学博士论文. 2002 年
[10] 张春枝, 王弘.基于 C/S 与 B/W/S 混合模式的 MIS 系统设计.计算机应用研究.2001. 10
[11] MAGEE J, KRAMER J.Concurrency State models and Java programs[M].London: John Wiley and Sons.1999
[12] Pearl Brereton and David Budgen.Component-Based Systems.A Classification of Issues,IEEE Computer.2000.10
[13] Meyer,B.“On to Components”. IEEE Computer. January 1999.
[14] Keith Short. Component Based Development and Object Modeling. Sterling Software.1997
[15] C. Szyperski. Component Software-Beyond Object-Oriented Programming. Addison Wesley Longman.inc..1998
[16] William D.Burg,etc.Exploring a Comprehensive CBD Method.Use of CBD/e in Practice.
[17] Thomas Schiepek . A Comparison Of Component Technologies . the seminar Component-Based Software Development organized by Rene Stolle. 2001
[18] Supernova Software Inc.Component- based Development and Integration of Legacy.Systems Reality Today.July 2000
[19] John Foreman et al..software Technology ReVleW.CMU/SEI. June.1997
[20] Will Tracz.Confessions of a Used Program Salesman-Institutionalizing Software Reuse. Addison 一 Wesley Publishing Co..New York. NY. April 1995
[21] Jacobson,Ivar.Object-Oriented Software Engineering.A Use Case Driven Approach.Addison Wesley Reading.MA.1992
[22] Michael R G,Steven P K. Software Agents〔J〕.Communications of the ACM,1994,37(7).
[23] Tom Digre and Business. object Component Architecture.componentTorget’99. 1999.3
[24] Michael S.Mahoney.The History of Computing in the History of Technology.Annals of the History of Computing.Volume 10,Number 2.1988
[25] Benneth Christiansson and Lars Jakobsson.Component-Based Software Development Life Cycles.2000
[26] Prieto-Diaz, Ruben and Arango.G..Eds..Domain Analysis and Software System Modeling
[27] Martin, James ,Information Engineering.Book I. Prentice Hall.Englewood Cliffs. NJ.1989
[28] Kang,et al.Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis Feasibility Study
[29] Steve Vinoski.New Features for CORBA 3.0.Communications of the ACM.Vol.41.No.10 October 1998
[30] Ivar Jacobson.The Unified Software Development Process[M].Addison Wesley Longman. Inc..1999
[31] Wills and D’Souza. gorous Component-Based Development . Building Systems With Components.97,10
[32] Thomas Schiepek. A Comparison Of Component Technologies. the seminar Component-Based Software Development organized by Rene Stolle.2001
[33] Basili, V, Rombach, H.. “Support for comprehensive reuse”.Sofeware Engineering Journal. September 1991
[34] Domain Analysis and Design Process.DIS/CIM Software Program.Arlington
[35] Gaffney,J.E. and Durek,T.A..“Software Reuse-Key to Enhanced Productivity . Some Quantative Models,” Information and Software Technology.Vol.31. May1989
[36] Frakes, William and Fox.Christopher “Software Reuse Survey Report,” Software Engineering Guild. Steering.VA. 1994