基于Agile的统一软件过程的研究与设计
摘要
当前的众多信息系统开发都存在着业务流程复杂、需求不明、充满不确定因素和风险性高等特点,传统软件开发过程于此没有很好的解决措施,由此导致大量企业信息化项目的失败,阻碍了企业信息化进程。针对该问题,本论文在总结敏捷方法与统一过程的基础上,提出了敏捷统一过程模型,通过良好的实践过程与过程模式来缓解信息系统开发的危机,提高软件产业的生产效率。
本论文在深入研究软件过程的基础之上,决定采用统一过程结合敏捷过程的方式,建立敏捷化的统一过程来指导现代企业信息系统的开发。论文先分析软件过程的概念以及改进方法,对统一过程进行相应裁减,然后对裁减的过程加以敏捷化,建立敏捷统一过程框架。
在该过程指导下,先对系统用例进行分层,再以面向对象方法和UML建模语言对系统用例进行迭代式建模与开发,并建立起系统框架;在框架基础上,构造出稳定的系统,完成系统的部署与移交。敏捷化的统一过程通过不断迭代、不断深化完善的方式来处理复杂问题,避免了以往高度复杂的调研、分析与设计,且能适应变化的需求;以框架为中心的实践能够有效缓解风险:敏捷方法很好的调动了开发者积极性。事实证明,该过程方法比传统过程方法能更好的解决一般中小企业信息系统开发中存在的问题。
How to deal with the changing needs of software projects is dependent on the software sector has been constantly on a core issue. Today as the economy continues to develop, software vendors and increasingly fierce competition, software developers facing business processes more complex. Demand unknown, full of uncertainties and risks high, the traditional software development process is not a good solution, leading to large enterprise information projects fail, hindered the process of enterprise information. Against the question, the software industry has a lot of theory and practice and exploration, but there is no system of the most comprehensive process model, the paper concluded Agile methods and reunification process on the basis of a quick reunification process by (ARUP) model, the planning Agile Unified Process (ARUP) the role of products, stage and work flow, through good practice and process model to ease the crisis in information system development, improve the production efficiency of the software industry.
The topics in-depth study on the basis of software process, decided to adopt the process of reunification with the agile process, the establishment of quick reunification process (ARUP) to guide a modern enterprise information system development. ARUP to follow the architecture as the center, test first, small incremental iteration, demand-driven principles. In the process, under the guidance of the first use of a tiered system, and then to object-oriented approach and UML modeling language of the system used for iterative modeling and development, and establish a system framework on the basis of the framework, constructed Stability of the system, the completion of the deployment and transfer system. Agile's reunification process through continuous iterative, and constantly deepening the perfect way to deal with complex issues, to avoid the past highly complex research, analysis and design, and can adapt to the changing needs of the framework for the Centre to the practice of effective risk mitigation: Agile good mobilize the enthusiasm of the developers.
本论文在深入研究软件过程的基础之上,决定采用统一过程结合敏捷过程的方式,建立敏捷化的统一过程来指导现代企业信息系统的开发。论文先分析软件过程的概念以及改进方法,对统一过程进行相应裁减,然后对裁减的过程加以敏捷化,建立敏捷统一过程框架。
在该过程指导下,先对系统用例进行分层,再以面向对象方法和UML建模语言对系统用例进行迭代式建模与开发,并建立起系统框架;在框架基础上,构造出稳定的系统,完成系统的部署与移交。敏捷化的统一过程通过不断迭代、不断深化完善的方式来处理复杂问题,避免了以往高度复杂的调研、分析与设计,且能适应变化的需求;以框架为中心的实践能够有效缓解风险:敏捷方法很好的调动了开发者积极性。事实证明,该过程方法比传统过程方法能更好的解决一般中小企业信息系统开发中存在的问题。
How to deal with the changing needs of software projects is dependent on the software sector has been constantly on a core issue. Today as the economy continues to develop, software vendors and increasingly fierce competition, software developers facing business processes more complex. Demand unknown, full of uncertainties and risks high, the traditional software development process is not a good solution, leading to large enterprise information projects fail, hindered the process of enterprise information. Against the question, the software industry has a lot of theory and practice and exploration, but there is no system of the most comprehensive process model, the paper concluded Agile methods and reunification process on the basis of a quick reunification process by (ARUP) model, the planning Agile Unified Process (ARUP) the role of products, stage and work flow, through good practice and process model to ease the crisis in information system development, improve the production efficiency of the software industry.
The topics in-depth study on the basis of software process, decided to adopt the process of reunification with the agile process, the establishment of quick reunification process (ARUP) to guide a modern enterprise information system development. ARUP to follow the architecture as the center, test first, small incremental iteration, demand-driven principles. In the process, under the guidance of the first use of a tiered system, and then to object-oriented approach and UML modeling language of the system used for iterative modeling and development, and establish a system framework on the basis of the framework, constructed Stability of the system, the completion of the deployment and transfer system. Agile's reunification process through continuous iterative, and constantly deepening the perfect way to deal with complex issues, to avoid the past highly complex research, analysis and design, and can adapt to the changing needs of the framework for the Centre to the practice of effective risk mitigation: Agile good mobilize the enthusiasm of the developers.
引文
[1]Suzanne Robertson,James Robertson(英),王海翻译.掌握需求过程(Mastering the Requirements Process).人民邮电出版社.2003-02.
[2]Robert C.Martin(美)著,邓辉译.敏捷软件开发:原则,模式与实践.北京:清华大学出版设.2001:32-56.
[3]黄振宇.硕士论文.建立敏捷统一软件开发过程.2004-04:17-29.
[4]Scott W.Ambler著,兰雨晴,高静译.敏捷建模:极限编程和统一过程的有效实践.北京:机械工业出版社.2005-03:25-27.
[5]徐元杰.硕士论文.基于UML的敏捷建模研究与实践.2005-06.
[6]丙雄健,王忠民.基于敏捷软件开发方法的基金管理信息系统开发.计算机应用.2004-11.
[7]钱乐秋,张敬周,朱三元.Agile方法研究综述.2006-11.
[8]姚运,魏臻.用敏捷型开发方法延长软件的生命周期.计算机时代.2004年第3期.
[9]沈备军,陈诚,居德华.敏捷软件过程的研究.计算机研究与发展.2002-11.
[10]周莹莹.硕士论文.敏捷软件开发技术研究.2006-09.
[11]韩小丽.硕士论文.机遇UML和RUP的办公自动化系统的设计与实现.2007-06.
[12]姚开鹏.硕士论文.敏捷开发过程在企业应用中的研究与实践.2005-07.
[13]胡君.硕士论文.基于敏捷的软件过程进化.2006-08.
[14]王凤斌.硕士论文.基于敏捷化Rational统一过程的需求建模的研究与应用.2005-06.
[15]李航.敏捷型软件开发方法与极限编程概述.计算机工程与设计.2005-08.
[16]姚旺生,杨鹏(译).敏捷软件开发生态系统.北京:机械工业出版社.2004-03.
[17]邓辉(译).敏捷软件开发原则、模式与实践.北京:清华大学出版社.2003-09.
[18]王钧(译).极限编程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002-05.
[19]李艳红.博士论文.信息系统的敏捷性及相关技术的研究.2002-07.
[20]Wendy Boggs等著,邱仲潘等译.UML with Rational Rose从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.
[21]殷兆麟.UML及其建模工具的使用.北京:北京交通大学出版社/清华大学出版社.2004.
[22]孙惠民.UML设计实作宝典.北京:中国铁道出版社.2004.
[23]冀振燕.UML系统分析设计与应用案例.北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[24]李慧.硕士论文.RUP、XP开发流程的研究与应用.2005-05.
[25]Mike Cohn.User Stories Applied:For Agile Software Development:An Agile Wesley,2004.
[2]Robert C.Martin(美)著,邓辉译.敏捷软件开发:原则,模式与实践.北京:清华大学出版设.2001:32-56.
[3]黄振宇.硕士论文.建立敏捷统一软件开发过程.2004-04:17-29.
[4]Scott W.Ambler著,兰雨晴,高静译.敏捷建模:极限编程和统一过程的有效实践.北京:机械工业出版社.2005-03:25-27.
[5]徐元杰.硕士论文.基于UML的敏捷建模研究与实践.2005-06.
[6]丙雄健,王忠民.基于敏捷软件开发方法的基金管理信息系统开发.计算机应用.2004-11.
[7]钱乐秋,张敬周,朱三元.Agile方法研究综述.2006-11.
[8]姚运,魏臻.用敏捷型开发方法延长软件的生命周期.计算机时代.2004年第3期.
[9]沈备军,陈诚,居德华.敏捷软件过程的研究.计算机研究与发展.2002-11.
[10]周莹莹.硕士论文.敏捷软件开发技术研究.2006-09.
[11]韩小丽.硕士论文.机遇UML和RUP的办公自动化系统的设计与实现.2007-06.
[12]姚开鹏.硕士论文.敏捷开发过程在企业应用中的研究与实践.2005-07.
[13]胡君.硕士论文.基于敏捷的软件过程进化.2006-08.
[14]王凤斌.硕士论文.基于敏捷化Rational统一过程的需求建模的研究与应用.2005-06.
[15]李航.敏捷型软件开发方法与极限编程概述.计算机工程与设计.2005-08.
[16]姚旺生,杨鹏(译).敏捷软件开发生态系统.北京:机械工业出版社.2004-03.
[17]邓辉(译).敏捷软件开发原则、模式与实践.北京:清华大学出版社.2003-09.
[18]王钧(译).极限编程实践.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002-05.
[19]李艳红.博士论文.信息系统的敏捷性及相关技术的研究.2002-07.
[20]Wendy Boggs等著,邱仲潘等译.UML with Rational Rose从入门到精通.北京:电子工业出版社.2004.
[21]殷兆麟.UML及其建模工具的使用.北京:北京交通大学出版社/清华大学出版社.2004.
[22]孙惠民.UML设计实作宝典.北京:中国铁道出版社.2004.
[23]冀振燕.UML系统分析设计与应用案例.北京:人民邮电出版社.2004.
[24]李慧.硕士论文.RUP、XP开发流程的研究与应用.2005-05.
[25]Mike Cohn.User Stories Applied:For Agile Software Development:An Agile Wesley,2004.
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