型钢（球扁钢）计算机辅助孔型设计及优化
摘要
本文综述了国内外计算机辅助孔型设计技术的发展现状，并根据孔型设计的特点和计算机的功能，比较系统的研究了计算机辅助孔型设计的建立方法。并且讨论了适用于计算机辅助孔型设计系统的高精度数学模型。在孔型设计优化方面，讨论了多种优化设计的目标函数。论文将软件工程的概念引入计算机辅助孔型设计系统中，严格按照结构化程序设计方法，使用VB程序设计语言开发了基于Windows操作系统的球扁钢计算机辅助孔型设计系统。此系统以轧制能耗最小为目标函数，采用动态规划法，在满足咬入条件、轧机强度校核、电机校核等边界条件下优化生成轧制能耗最小的孔型设计方案。优化生成的孔型设计方案自动绘制成孔型图并进行标注，最终可以向AutoCAD绘图软件输出。此外，本系统采用了数据库技术实现了设计方案的版本控制。采用人机对话方式可将设计人员的经验引入设计过程，随时修改设计结果。该系统具有较强的通用性，可以在Windows95以上版本上运行。并且具有设计迅速，计算精确度高，使用及维护方便的特点，为型钢孔型设计提供了科学的方法。
Recent progress at home and abroad about the computer aided roll pass design is summarized in this paper. According to the characters in roll pass design and the function of computer,a variety of mathematic models that can be sued in CARD system have been discussed,and the establishment of optimization methods of the CARD has been systematically investigated. The concept of the software engineering is introduced into CARD in this paper. According to structured design,a Windows platform CARD system for flat bulb has been developed by VB language. Viewing energy minimum as the object function,and adopting dynamic programming,this system can get the plan which costs the least rolling energy,under the condition satisfying the bite condition,rolling machine strength and electric machine check etc. Then the optimum plan can be drawn into graphs automatically with dimension,and the final plan can be output into AutoCAD2000 which is the most popular in engineering drawing software. Furthermore,using database technol
ogy,this system can easily achieve the plan's editions control. The designer's experience can be introduced into the designing course and the designing result can be modified at any time,because of the graphical user interface. This software has high general-purpose nature,and can be run in any Windows operating system. The design is reliable,highly precise,and convenient with obvious energy and material saving. It provides a scientific method in the pass design of steel section.
Recent progress at home and abroad about the computer aided roll pass design is summarized in this paper. According to the characters in roll pass design and the function of computer,a variety of mathematic models that can be sued in CARD system have been discussed,and the establishment of optimization methods of the CARD has been systematically investigated. The concept of the software engineering is introduced into CARD in this paper. According to structured design,a Windows platform CARD system for flat bulb has been developed by VB language. Viewing energy minimum as the object function,and adopting dynamic programming,this system can get the plan which costs the least rolling energy,under the condition satisfying the bite condition,rolling machine strength and electric machine check etc. Then the optimum plan can be drawn into graphs automatically with dimension,and the final plan can be output into AutoCAD2000 which is the most popular in engineering drawing software. Furthermore,using database technol
ogy,this system can easily achieve the plan's editions control. The designer's experience can be introduced into the designing course and the designing result can be modified at any time,because of the graphical user interface. This software has high general-purpose nature,and can be run in any Windows operating system. The design is reliable,highly precise,and convenient with obvious energy and material saving. It provides a scientific method in the pass design of steel section.
引文
[1]董德元．《轧制计算机辅助工程》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1992．3
[2]鹿守理．轧钢企业计算机集成制造系统(一)．《轧钢》．1998．4．第二期
[3]鹿守理．计算机辅助孔型设计．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1993．11
[4]尤敬成．轧辊孔型计算机辅助设计的发展．《轧钢》．1987第1期
[5]Berkovskii,,V.S.Computer-aided roll-pass design. Steel in Translation V.26,no.2. p.32-35
[6]吴迪．微型计算机辅助孔型设计．东北大学出版社．1993．5
[7]H.CAD/CAM system for roll pass design. 19.Int Machine Tool Design a. Res Conference Manchester. 1978
[8]Nillson,R. Computerized roll pass design of steel angle. Arch Eisenhiittenwesen. 1981
[9]K.F. Kenndy. T. Altan. Computer-Aided Analys is of metal flow stress and Rollpass Design in Rod Rolling. Iron and Steel Engineer. Vol.62 No.6. 1983
[10]斯米尔诺夫．《轧辊孔型设计》．冶金工业出版社．第一版．1991．11
[11]顾卓．我国CARD技术发展评述．《轧钢》．1991．4期
[12]曹雁．计算机辅助孔型技术的发展．钢铁．1995．Vol．30．No6．P74
[13]赵俊萍．计算机辅助孔型设计(CARD)技术的应用与发展．《轧钢》．1998年．No．1．P59
[14]唐文林．简单断面型钢计算机辅助优化孔型设计的研究．《西安冶金建筑学院学报》．Vol．22．No．3
[15]赵松筠．复二重式线材轧机计算优化孔型设计实践．《轧钢》．1993．2期
[16]张生．对话式计算机辅助型钢孔型设计CAD系统．《轧钢》．1990．1期
[17]张利，H型钢计算机辅助孔型设计系统的开发．《上海金属》．1999．5．Vol．21．P2
[18]李激光．重轨计算机辅助孔型设计．《鞍山钢铁学院学报》．1999．12，Vol．22．P349
[19]P. Hartley; I. Pillinger. Developments in computational modelling techniques for industrial metal forming processes. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers; Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture. 2001, vol.215, no.B7. P903-914
[20] M. Kiuchi. Computer aided design of rolls for reshaping processes from round pipes to "channel-type" pipesJournal of Materials Processing TechnologyV. 111, no.1-3, 2001. p.193-197
[21] Jung JY.. Fuzzy algorithm for calculating roll speed variation based on roll separating force in hot rolling. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. Vol.42,No.2,2000. p. 249-272
[22] R.Pichler; M.Pfaffermayr. Neural Networks for On-Line Optimisation of the Rolling ProcessR.PichlerIron & Steel ReviewV.40,no.3 p.45-46,48-50,54,56
[23] D. Y. Lee. A neural network model to determine the plate width set-up value in a hot plate mill. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.2000, vol. 11, no.6. p.547-557
[24] S. -H. Kim. A knowledge-based expert system for roll pass and profile design for shape rolling of round and square bars. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 1999, vol.89-90, p. 145-151
[25] Manabu KIUCHI. Innovation of Roll-Forming Technology. Journal of the Japan Society for Technology of PlasticityV.42, no.489, 2001
[26]吴迪．球扁钢和L型钢共用孔型系统中成品孔的研究．《钢铁》2001．6．Vol．36．No．6．P29
[27]上海市冶金工业局孔型学习班．《孔型设计 上、下》．第一版．上海市科学技术出版社．1979．5
[28]许云祥．《型钢孔型设计》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1993．10
[29]白光润．《型钢孔型设计》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1995．5
[30]赵松筠．《型钢孔型设计》．第二版．冶金工业出版社．2000．4
[31]熊及滋．《压力加工设备》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1995．5
[32]郑华林．《计算机辅助工艺规程设计》．第一版．石油工业出版社．1997．4
[33]Wayne Freeze．《Visual Basic数据库编程宝典》．电子工业出版社．第一版．2001．5
[34]闪四清．《数据库原理与应用教程》．清华大学出版社．第一版．2001．4
[35]史济民．《软件工程原理、方法与应用》．高等教育出版社．第一版．1990．5
[36] Microsoft Visual Studio~(TM) 6.0 Development System.《MSDN》
[37]George Omura．《AutoCAD 从入门到精通 高级用户版》电子工业出版社．第一版．1999．4
[2]鹿守理．轧钢企业计算机集成制造系统(一)．《轧钢》．1998．4．第二期
[3]鹿守理．计算机辅助孔型设计．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1993．11
[4]尤敬成．轧辊孔型计算机辅助设计的发展．《轧钢》．1987第1期
[5]Berkovskii,,V.S.Computer-aided roll-pass design. Steel in Translation V.26,no.2. p.32-35
[6]吴迪．微型计算机辅助孔型设计．东北大学出版社．1993．5
[7]H.CAD/CAM system for roll pass design. 19.Int Machine Tool Design a. Res Conference Manchester. 1978
[8]Nillson,R. Computerized roll pass design of steel angle. Arch Eisenhiittenwesen. 1981
[9]K.F. Kenndy. T. Altan. Computer-Aided Analys is of metal flow stress and Rollpass Design in Rod Rolling. Iron and Steel Engineer. Vol.62 No.6. 1983
[10]斯米尔诺夫．《轧辊孔型设计》．冶金工业出版社．第一版．1991．11
[11]顾卓．我国CARD技术发展评述．《轧钢》．1991．4期
[12]曹雁．计算机辅助孔型技术的发展．钢铁．1995．Vol．30．No6．P74
[13]赵俊萍．计算机辅助孔型设计(CARD)技术的应用与发展．《轧钢》．1998年．No．1．P59
[14]唐文林．简单断面型钢计算机辅助优化孔型设计的研究．《西安冶金建筑学院学报》．Vol．22．No．3
[15]赵松筠．复二重式线材轧机计算优化孔型设计实践．《轧钢》．1993．2期
[16]张生．对话式计算机辅助型钢孔型设计CAD系统．《轧钢》．1990．1期
[17]张利，H型钢计算机辅助孔型设计系统的开发．《上海金属》．1999．5．Vol．21．P2
[18]李激光．重轨计算机辅助孔型设计．《鞍山钢铁学院学报》．1999．12，Vol．22．P349
[19]P. Hartley; I. Pillinger. Developments in computational modelling techniques for industrial metal forming processes. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers; Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture. 2001, vol.215, no.B7. P903-914
[20] M. Kiuchi. Computer aided design of rolls for reshaping processes from round pipes to "channel-type" pipesJournal of Materials Processing TechnologyV. 111, no.1-3, 2001. p.193-197
[21] Jung JY.. Fuzzy algorithm for calculating roll speed variation based on roll separating force in hot rolling. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. Vol.42,No.2,2000. p. 249-272
[22] R.Pichler; M.Pfaffermayr. Neural Networks for On-Line Optimisation of the Rolling ProcessR.PichlerIron & Steel ReviewV.40,no.3 p.45-46,48-50,54,56
[23] D. Y. Lee. A neural network model to determine the plate width set-up value in a hot plate mill. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing.2000, vol. 11, no.6. p.547-557
[24] S. -H. Kim. A knowledge-based expert system for roll pass and profile design for shape rolling of round and square bars. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 1999, vol.89-90, p. 145-151
[25] Manabu KIUCHI. Innovation of Roll-Forming Technology. Journal of the Japan Society for Technology of PlasticityV.42, no.489, 2001
[26]吴迪．球扁钢和L型钢共用孔型系统中成品孔的研究．《钢铁》2001．6．Vol．36．No．6．P29
[27]上海市冶金工业局孔型学习班．《孔型设计 上、下》．第一版．上海市科学技术出版社．1979．5
[28]许云祥．《型钢孔型设计》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1993．10
[29]白光润．《型钢孔型设计》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1995．5
[30]赵松筠．《型钢孔型设计》．第二版．冶金工业出版社．2000．4
[31]熊及滋．《压力加工设备》．第一版．冶金工业出版社．1995．5
[32]郑华林．《计算机辅助工艺规程设计》．第一版．石油工业出版社．1997．4
[33]Wayne Freeze．《Visual Basic数据库编程宝典》．电子工业出版社．第一版．2001．5
[34]闪四清．《数据库原理与应用教程》．清华大学出版社．第一版．2001．4
[35]史济民．《软件工程原理、方法与应用》．高等教育出版社．第一版．1990．5
[36] Microsoft Visual Studio~(TM) 6.0 Development System.《MSDN》
[37]George Omura．《AutoCAD 从入门到精通 高级用户版》电子工业出版社．第一版．1999．4