博牙高速公路岛状多年冻土地区路基沉降处治技术研究
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摘要
多年冻土地区公路工程的修建,破坏了冻土原有的生存条件,加之全球气温升高,造成路基下的多年冻土融化。而冻土本身就是一种对温度十分敏感且性质不稳定的土体。温度周期性变化导致冻土在寒季冻胀,暖季融化沉陷。受气候变化、路基高度、路线走向等因素的影响,在冻胀和融沉交替作用下,路基产生差异沉降,进而引起各种路面病害的发生。因此,路基沉降问题是多年冻土地区公路修建需要解决的重点问题。
针对该问题,本文主要对岛状多年冻土地区路基温度场、冻土上限重现期、路基融沉控制标准、换填碎石+XPS板复合路基结构、路基施工质量控制及沉降处治效果验证进行研究：(1)根据博牙高速公路沿线实际气象变化情况,建立考虑相变的路基温度场有限元模型,研究路基结构形式、路面类型、路基高度、边坡坡度、路线走向、含水量对路基温度场、多年冻土上限、多年冻土退化速度的影响规律。(2)以温度场计算结果为基础构件多年冻土上限与气温、路基高度的关系,建立基于Gumbel曲线分布的多年冻土上限重现期模型,确定了冻土上限重现期,得到了各个路段多年冻土上限重现期极值,并据此推荐各个时期的路基融沉控制措施和路面养护维修方法。(3)以路面材料抗拉性能、材料疲劳性能、横坡、纵坡、合成坡度和乘车舒适性为控制依据,提出了路基融沉控制标准。(4)根据20年一遇冻土上限设防值,以零温点深度作为冻土融化深度推荐XPS板的合理厚度,以零温点应位于换填碎石层中推荐换填碎石深度。(5)以XPS板的压缩强度和容许压应力为指标,根据自重和车辆荷载作用下及不同融沉等级作用下XPS板的受力分析,同时考虑应力分散原理计算结果和施工中压路机的影响,推荐XPS板的合理埋深。(6)针对博牙高速公路冻土分布特点,推荐采用换填碎石+XPS保温板复合式路基,参考路面结构层力学分析,推荐适合于冻土地区的针对不同融沉等级的路面结构,并根据自重和温度耦合作用下的沉降量验证所推荐结构的合理性。(7)参考路基相关规范,依据现场压实试验结果,提出以沉降差和沉降率为指标的碎石路基压实质量控制标准,并系统研究冻土开挖和碎石路基施工过程关键技术要点。(8)深入研究XPS保温板路基施工质量控制关键问题,得出XPS板的工程性能要求、施工季节、板的搭接方式、板上路基填料合理压实厚度等。(9)铺设了换填碎石+XPS保温板路基和纵向格栅处理冻土过渡段试验路,通过温度、含水量和沉降量观测,验证各方案的路基沉降处治效果。
The construction of highway in permafrost region undermined the original existence condition of permafrost. Combining with global warming, they caused the melt of permafrost under subgrade. The permafrost itself is an unstable soil that is very sensitive to temperature. Cyclical change of temperature leads to permafrost heaving in cold season and thawing settlement in warm season. In the influence of climate change, subgrade height, route and so on, under the alternate effect of frost heaving and thawing settlement, differential settlement of subgrade emerges, then it causes occurrence of road diseases. Therefore, the subgrade settlement problem is a critical problem for highway construction in permafrost regions to be resolved.
Aiming at this problem, subgrade temperature field in segregated permafrost region, permafrost table recurrence interval, control standard for subgrade settlement, replacement gravel+XPS insulation board combination type subgrade, quality control of subgrade construction and treatment effect in subgrade settlement are studied in this paper.(1) According to the actual weather changes along Boketu-Yakeshi expressway, the finite element models for subgrade temperature field taking into phase transition account are established. The influence law on subgrade temperature, permafrost table and permafrost degradation rate is studied by factors such as subgrade structure, pavement structure, subgrade height, grade of side slope, route toward and water content.(2) Based on temperature field calculation results, the relationship among permafrost table and temperature, subgrade height is established, and the permafrost table recurrence interval model base on Gumbel curves is settled up. The permafrost table recurrence interval is fixed. The extremum values of permafrost table recurrence interval have been obtained in various road sections, and accordingly subgrade settlement control measures and pavement maintenance-repair methods are recommended.(3) According to tensile properties of pavement material, material fatigue properties, cross slope, longitudinal slope, synthetic slope and ride comfort, control standards of subgrade differential settlement are proposed.(4) According to the maximum security value of permafrost in20years, taking zero temperature depth as permafrost melting depth, the reasonable thickness of XPS board is recommended. Based on zero temperature point locating in the replacement gravel layer, replacement gravel depth is recommended.(5) Taking compressive strength and allowable compressive stress of XPS board as indicators, according to stress analysis of XPS board under different levels of subgrade settlement and under weight and vehicle loads, taking into account the results stress dispersion principle compute results and the influence of rollers in construction, the reasonable placing depth of XPS board is recommended.(6) Aiming at permafrost distribution characteristics in BoYa expressway, replacement gravel+XPS insulation board combination type subgrade is recommended to use. With reference to pavement mechanical analysis, the pavement structures for different levels settlement suitable for permafrost region are recommended. According to the settlement under weight and temperature, the recommended subgrade structures are proved to be reasonable.(7) With reference to relevant subgrade standards, according to field compaction test results, the gravel subgrade compaction quality control standards are proposed as the index of settlement difference and settlement rate, and key technical points during permafrost excavation and gravel subgrade construction are systematically studied.(8) The key issues of XPS board subgrade construction quality control are in-depth studied. Engineering performance requirements of XPS board, construction season, jointing type of board, reasonable compaction thickness of subgrade fillers above XPS board are obtained.(9) Replacement gravel+XPS insulation board subgrade and vertical grogrid dealing with permafrost transition road section test road are paved. Through temperature, moisture content and settlement observations, the treatment effect for subgrade settlement of various schemes is verified.
针对该问题,本文主要对岛状多年冻土地区路基温度场、冻土上限重现期、路基融沉控制标准、换填碎石+XPS板复合路基结构、路基施工质量控制及沉降处治效果验证进行研究：(1)根据博牙高速公路沿线实际气象变化情况,建立考虑相变的路基温度场有限元模型,研究路基结构形式、路面类型、路基高度、边坡坡度、路线走向、含水量对路基温度场、多年冻土上限、多年冻土退化速度的影响规律。(2)以温度场计算结果为基础构件多年冻土上限与气温、路基高度的关系,建立基于Gumbel曲线分布的多年冻土上限重现期模型,确定了冻土上限重现期,得到了各个路段多年冻土上限重现期极值,并据此推荐各个时期的路基融沉控制措施和路面养护维修方法。(3)以路面材料抗拉性能、材料疲劳性能、横坡、纵坡、合成坡度和乘车舒适性为控制依据,提出了路基融沉控制标准。(4)根据20年一遇冻土上限设防值,以零温点深度作为冻土融化深度推荐XPS板的合理厚度,以零温点应位于换填碎石层中推荐换填碎石深度。(5)以XPS板的压缩强度和容许压应力为指标,根据自重和车辆荷载作用下及不同融沉等级作用下XPS板的受力分析,同时考虑应力分散原理计算结果和施工中压路机的影响,推荐XPS板的合理埋深。(6)针对博牙高速公路冻土分布特点,推荐采用换填碎石+XPS保温板复合式路基,参考路面结构层力学分析,推荐适合于冻土地区的针对不同融沉等级的路面结构,并根据自重和温度耦合作用下的沉降量验证所推荐结构的合理性。(7)参考路基相关规范,依据现场压实试验结果,提出以沉降差和沉降率为指标的碎石路基压实质量控制标准,并系统研究冻土开挖和碎石路基施工过程关键技术要点。(8)深入研究XPS保温板路基施工质量控制关键问题,得出XPS板的工程性能要求、施工季节、板的搭接方式、板上路基填料合理压实厚度等。(9)铺设了换填碎石+XPS保温板路基和纵向格栅处理冻土过渡段试验路,通过温度、含水量和沉降量观测,验证各方案的路基沉降处治效果。
The construction of highway in permafrost region undermined the original existence condition of permafrost. Combining with global warming, they caused the melt of permafrost under subgrade. The permafrost itself is an unstable soil that is very sensitive to temperature. Cyclical change of temperature leads to permafrost heaving in cold season and thawing settlement in warm season. In the influence of climate change, subgrade height, route and so on, under the alternate effect of frost heaving and thawing settlement, differential settlement of subgrade emerges, then it causes occurrence of road diseases. Therefore, the subgrade settlement problem is a critical problem for highway construction in permafrost regions to be resolved.
Aiming at this problem, subgrade temperature field in segregated permafrost region, permafrost table recurrence interval, control standard for subgrade settlement, replacement gravel+XPS insulation board combination type subgrade, quality control of subgrade construction and treatment effect in subgrade settlement are studied in this paper.(1) According to the actual weather changes along Boketu-Yakeshi expressway, the finite element models for subgrade temperature field taking into phase transition account are established. The influence law on subgrade temperature, permafrost table and permafrost degradation rate is studied by factors such as subgrade structure, pavement structure, subgrade height, grade of side slope, route toward and water content.(2) Based on temperature field calculation results, the relationship among permafrost table and temperature, subgrade height is established, and the permafrost table recurrence interval model base on Gumbel curves is settled up. The permafrost table recurrence interval is fixed. The extremum values of permafrost table recurrence interval have been obtained in various road sections, and accordingly subgrade settlement control measures and pavement maintenance-repair methods are recommended.(3) According to tensile properties of pavement material, material fatigue properties, cross slope, longitudinal slope, synthetic slope and ride comfort, control standards of subgrade differential settlement are proposed.(4) According to the maximum security value of permafrost in20years, taking zero temperature depth as permafrost melting depth, the reasonable thickness of XPS board is recommended. Based on zero temperature point locating in the replacement gravel layer, replacement gravel depth is recommended.(5) Taking compressive strength and allowable compressive stress of XPS board as indicators, according to stress analysis of XPS board under different levels of subgrade settlement and under weight and vehicle loads, taking into account the results stress dispersion principle compute results and the influence of rollers in construction, the reasonable placing depth of XPS board is recommended.(6) Aiming at permafrost distribution characteristics in BoYa expressway, replacement gravel+XPS insulation board combination type subgrade is recommended to use. With reference to pavement mechanical analysis, the pavement structures for different levels settlement suitable for permafrost region are recommended. According to the settlement under weight and temperature, the recommended subgrade structures are proved to be reasonable.(7) With reference to relevant subgrade standards, according to field compaction test results, the gravel subgrade compaction quality control standards are proposed as the index of settlement difference and settlement rate, and key technical points during permafrost excavation and gravel subgrade construction are systematically studied.(8) The key issues of XPS board subgrade construction quality control are in-depth studied. Engineering performance requirements of XPS board, construction season, jointing type of board, reasonable compaction thickness of subgrade fillers above XPS board are obtained.(9) Replacement gravel+XPS insulation board subgrade and vertical grogrid dealing with permafrost transition road section test road are paved. Through temperature, moisture content and settlement observations, the treatment effect for subgrade settlement of various schemes is verified.
引文
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