轴流压气机叶顶间隙流动研究
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摘要
本文通过对NND格式的分析和对比，选择了空间高分辨率的三阶NND(无波动、无自由参数、无耗散)格式，建立了孤立转子内三维N-S方程的高分辨率和高效率的数值分析程序。用该程序分别计算了NASA-37跨音速转子和NWPU-1亚音速转子，计算结果表明本文建立的孤立转子程序能够较好的模拟轴流压气机叶片排内流动情况，能够有效的捕捉通道激波和间隙泄漏涡轨迹以及叶片附面层的分离。数值分析结果与实验吻合较好，从而证明了该程序的有效性。
This paper adopts third-order NND (non-osclillatory containing no free parameters and dissipative scheme) scheme compared with other NND schemes. This scheme is high resolving power in space. High resolving power and efficiency numerical analysis program is developed. NASA-37 transonic and NWPU-1 subsonic rotors are calculated by using this program. Results of calculation indicates that this program can admirably simulate rotor rows flow in axial compressors and distinguish passage shock, leakage vortex path and separation of boundary layer. Numerical analysis agrees well with experimental results. Consequently numerical analysis program is effective.
This paper adopts third-order NND (non-osclillatory containing no free parameters and dissipative scheme) scheme compared with other NND schemes. This scheme is high resolving power in space. High resolving power and efficiency numerical analysis program is developed. NASA-37 transonic and NWPU-1 subsonic rotors are calculated by using this program. Results of calculation indicates that this program can admirably simulate rotor rows flow in axial compressors and distinguish passage shock, leakage vortex path and separation of boundary layer. Numerical analysis agrees well with experimental results. Consequently numerical analysis program is effective.
引文
[1] J．W．H．Chivers，“燃气涡轮发动机叶尖间隙测量技术”，航空发动机PP．71-82，1995，从宝亨 译自《AIAA-89-2916》
[2] 杨策等，“透平机械叶尖间隙流场研究的进展”，力学进展Vol．31，2001
[3] D. A. Rains, "Tip Clearance Flow in Axial Compressors and Pumps", Califomia Institute of Technology, Hydrodynamics and Mechanical Engineering Laboratories, Report No. 5, 1954
[4] B. Lakshminarayana, J. H. Horlock, "Leakage and Secondary flows m compressor cascades", ARC R&M No. 3483, 1970
[5] C. C. Koch, L. H. Smith, "Loss Sources and Magnitude in Axial-Flow Compressors", ASME Journal of Engineering for Power, Vol. 98, PP. 411-424
[6] R. C. Dean, "The Influence of Tip Clerance on Boundary-Layer Flow in a Rectilinear Cascade", MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory Report No. 273, 1954
[7] B. Lakshmmarayana, "Laser-Doppler Velocimeter Measurement of Annulus Wall Boundary layer Development in a Compressor Rotor", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 110, pp. 377-385, 1988
[8] J. A. Storer, N. A. Cumpsty, "Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Compressors", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 113, pp. 252-259, 1991
[9] J. A. Storer, et al, "An Approximate Analysis and Prediction Method for Tip Clearance Loss in Axial Compressors", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 116, 1994
[10] S. Kang, C. Hirsch, "Tip Leakage Flow in Linear Compressor Cascade", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 113(2): 252-259
[11] M. Inoue,, "Structure of Tip Clearance Flow in an Isolated Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 111, pp. 250-256.
[12] M. Inoue, M. Kuroumaru, "Behavior of Tip leakage Flow Behind an Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, 118(3): pp. 492-505, 1996
[13] B. Lakshminarayana, et al, "The Structure of Tip Clearance Flow in Axial Flow Compressors", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 117(3): pp. 377-385, 1995
[14] J. J. Adamczyk, et al, "The Role of Tip Clearance in High-Speed Fan Stall", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 115(1): pp. 28-39, 1993
[15] K. L. Suder, et al, "Experimental and Computatioal Investigation of the Tip
Clearance Flow in a Transonic Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME Vol. 118, April 1996
[16] R. V. Chima, "Calculation of Tip Clearance Effects in a Transonic Compressor Rotor", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 120, pp: 131-140.
[17] 张涵信，沈孟育，《计算流体力学—差分方法的原理及应用》，国防工业出版社，2003
[18] L. T. Tam, "LU-SGS Scheme for Entry Vehicle Flow Computation and Comparison with Aerodynamic Data", AIAA-92-2671-CP
[19] D. L. Whitfield and J. M. Janus, "Three-Dimensional Unsteady Euler Equations Solution Using Flux Vector Splitting", AIAA 17th Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference, AIAA-84-1552
[20] 姚吉先，“跨音速压气机流场数值模拟与激波组织研究”，西北工业大学博士论文，1995。
[21] 王保国，黄虹宾，《叶轮机械跨声速及亚声速流场的计算方法》，国防工业出版社，2000。
[22] 蒋浩兴，“国外三维粘性流场计算程序的鉴别和校准”，航空发动机PP．48-59，1995
[23] Files of The Test of Program of the 39th international Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress, Hague, 1996.
[24] 陈乃兴，黄伟光，“跨音速单转子压气机三维湍流流场的数值计算”，航空动力学报，Vol．10．No．2，1995
[25] J. J Adamczyk, , et al, "Simulation of Three-Dimensional Viscous Flow Within a Multi-stage Turbine", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 111, pp. 370-376
[26] K. R Kirtly, , et al, ."Numerical Analysis of Secondary Flow in a Two-Stage Turbine", paper No. AIAA-90-2356, 1990.
[27] A. Basson, et al, "Numerical Simulation of Tip Clearance Effects in Turbonmachinery", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 117, 1995
[28] G. T. Chen, et al, "Similarity Analysis of Compressor Tip Clearance Flow Structure", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 113, 1991
[29] M. Koiro, et al, "Simulation and Validation of Mach Number Effects on Secondary Flow in a Transonic Turbine Cascade Using a Multigrid, k-ε Solver", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 120, 1998
[30] R. J. Dunker, et al, "Experimental Study of the Flow Field Within a Transonic Axial Compressor Rotor by Laser Velocimetry and Comparision With Through-Flow Calculations", ASME paper 77-GT-28, 1977
[31] S. L. Puterbaugh, et al, "Tip clearance Flow-Shoke interaction in a Transonic Compressor Rotor", AIAA 95-2459
[32] W. N. Dawes, "a Numerical Study of the 3D Flowfield in a Transonic Compressor Rotor with a Modelling of the Tip Clearance Flow", AGARD-CP-401, 1987
[33] Ronald. J. Steinke, "Design of 9. 271-Pressure-Ratio Five-Stage Core Compressor and Overall Performance for First Three Stages", NASA TP-2597
[34] 贾希诚，王正明，蔡睿贤，“叶轮机械中叶顶间隙形态对气动性能影响的数值研究”，工程热物理学报，Vol．22，No．4．2001
[2] 杨策等，“透平机械叶尖间隙流场研究的进展”，力学进展Vol．31，2001
[3] D. A. Rains, "Tip Clearance Flow in Axial Compressors and Pumps", Califomia Institute of Technology, Hydrodynamics and Mechanical Engineering Laboratories, Report No. 5, 1954
[4] B. Lakshminarayana, J. H. Horlock, "Leakage and Secondary flows m compressor cascades", ARC R&M No. 3483, 1970
[5] C. C. Koch, L. H. Smith, "Loss Sources and Magnitude in Axial-Flow Compressors", ASME Journal of Engineering for Power, Vol. 98, PP. 411-424
[6] R. C. Dean, "The Influence of Tip Clerance on Boundary-Layer Flow in a Rectilinear Cascade", MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory Report No. 273, 1954
[7] B. Lakshmmarayana, "Laser-Doppler Velocimeter Measurement of Annulus Wall Boundary layer Development in a Compressor Rotor", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 110, pp. 377-385, 1988
[8] J. A. Storer, N. A. Cumpsty, "Tip Leakage Flow in Axial Compressors", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 113, pp. 252-259, 1991
[9] J. A. Storer, et al, "An Approximate Analysis and Prediction Method for Tip Clearance Loss in Axial Compressors", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 116, 1994
[10] S. Kang, C. Hirsch, "Tip Leakage Flow in Linear Compressor Cascade", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 113(2): 252-259
[11] M. Inoue,, "Structure of Tip Clearance Flow in an Isolated Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 111, pp. 250-256.
[12] M. Inoue, M. Kuroumaru, "Behavior of Tip leakage Flow Behind an Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, 118(3): pp. 492-505, 1996
[13] B. Lakshminarayana, et al, "The Structure of Tip Clearance Flow in Axial Flow Compressors", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 117(3): pp. 377-385, 1995
[14] J. J. Adamczyk, et al, "The Role of Tip Clearance in High-Speed Fan Stall", ASME Journal of Turbomachinery, 115(1): pp. 28-39, 1993
[15] K. L. Suder, et al, "Experimental and Computatioal Investigation of the Tip
Clearance Flow in a Transonic Axial Compressor Rotor", ASME Vol. 118, April 1996
[16] R. V. Chima, "Calculation of Tip Clearance Effects in a Transonic Compressor Rotor", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 120, pp: 131-140.
[17] 张涵信，沈孟育，《计算流体力学—差分方法的原理及应用》，国防工业出版社，2003
[18] L. T. Tam, "LU-SGS Scheme for Entry Vehicle Flow Computation and Comparison with Aerodynamic Data", AIAA-92-2671-CP
[19] D. L. Whitfield and J. M. Janus, "Three-Dimensional Unsteady Euler Equations Solution Using Flux Vector Splitting", AIAA 17th Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference, AIAA-84-1552
[20] 姚吉先，“跨音速压气机流场数值模拟与激波组织研究”，西北工业大学博士论文，1995。
[21] 王保国，黄虹宾，《叶轮机械跨声速及亚声速流场的计算方法》，国防工业出版社，2000。
[22] 蒋浩兴，“国外三维粘性流场计算程序的鉴别和校准”，航空发动机PP．48-59，1995
[23] Files of The Test of Program of the 39th international Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress, Hague, 1996.
[24] 陈乃兴，黄伟光，“跨音速单转子压气机三维湍流流场的数值计算”，航空动力学报，Vol．10．No．2，1995
[25] J. J Adamczyk, , et al, "Simulation of Three-Dimensional Viscous Flow Within a Multi-stage Turbine", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 111, pp. 370-376
[26] K. R Kirtly, , et al, ."Numerical Analysis of Secondary Flow in a Two-Stage Turbine", paper No. AIAA-90-2356, 1990.
[27] A. Basson, et al, "Numerical Simulation of Tip Clearance Effects in Turbonmachinery", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 117, 1995
[28] G. T. Chen, et al, "Similarity Analysis of Compressor Tip Clearance Flow Structure", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 113, 1991
[29] M. Koiro, et al, "Simulation and Validation of Mach Number Effects on Secondary Flow in a Transonic Turbine Cascade Using a Multigrid, k-ε Solver", ASME JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY, Vol. 120, 1998
[30] R. J. Dunker, et al, "Experimental Study of the Flow Field Within a Transonic Axial Compressor Rotor by Laser Velocimetry and Comparision With Through-Flow Calculations", ASME paper 77-GT-28, 1977
[31] S. L. Puterbaugh, et al, "Tip clearance Flow-Shoke interaction in a Transonic Compressor Rotor", AIAA 95-2459
[32] W. N. Dawes, "a Numerical Study of the 3D Flowfield in a Transonic Compressor Rotor with a Modelling of the Tip Clearance Flow", AGARD-CP-401, 1987
[33] Ronald. J. Steinke, "Design of 9. 271-Pressure-Ratio Five-Stage Core Compressor and Overall Performance for First Three Stages", NASA TP-2597
[34] 贾希诚，王正明，蔡睿贤，“叶轮机械中叶顶间隙形态对气动性能影响的数值研究”，工程热物理学报，Vol．22，No．4．2001