绵羊子宫内输精技术的研究
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摘要
绵羊人工授精特别是使用冻精，受胎率低，而子宫内输精方法(即腹腔镜子宫深部输精法，下同)则可以提高受胎水平。本研究目的是为了确定子宫内输精的输精方法、输精时间、输精部位、输精有效精子数以及如何改进并完善这种输精技术，使之便于在生产中得到推广和应用。在试验中还比较了非繁殖季节诱导发情、繁殖季节同期发情及对供体超数排卵的输精效果，从而验证了子宫内输精优点和输精的可操作性。试验结果表明：
1、在现有的试验条件下，子宫内输精法采用子宫钳将子宫角部分引导于腹腔外，将精液注入子宫角内输精，输精操作器具较简单，方法便捷，受胎率高，易于推广应用。
2、自然发情的母羊应该在发情后24小时，诱导发情的母羊应该在撤栓后54小时，同期发情母羊应该在撤栓后60小时进行子宫内输精。发情母羊子宫内输精的输精范围应该在发情结束前2～3小时，也就是排卵前2～3小时，输精效果好。
3、子宫内输精采用双侧子宫角比单侧子宫角输精效果好。
4、输入有效精子数为40×10~6时的输精效果好，有效精子数20×10~6～40×10~6之间，输精有效精子数和输精受胎率呈直线线性增加。
5、本试验自然发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为57.14％(4/7)，诱导发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为62.50％(20/32)，同期发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为55.56％(5/9)。而子宫颈口常规输精法鲜精受胎率为47.22％(17/36)，冻精受胎率为32.34％(54/167)，都比子宫内冻精输精受胎率低，差异显著(P＜0.05)。并且输精应用试验证实，子宫内输精可以提高输精母羊的受胎率和母羊双羔率，可以提高超数排卵供体母羊的胚胎受精率。
Pregnancy rate of artificial insemination of sheep is low, especially for frozen semen. The method of intrauterine insemination(i.e. laparoscopic intrauterine insemination )can improve artificial insemination efficiency. In this study, the mode, time, site, effective spermatozoa of intrauterine insemination were ascertained, and insemination technique has been ameliorated so as to be generalized during the production. In addition, Estrus induction of anoestrus season and estrus synchronization of breeding season also have been compared, and their insemination effect to superovulation of donor. The results validate the merits and maneuverability of laparoscopic intrauterine insemination. The results show that:
1.Under the existing experiment condition, the method of intrauterine insemination means that uterine cornu was fetched out with uterine forceps to eject semen outside peritoneal cavity, infuse semen into uterine cornu, Insemination operation's apparatus is simple , means is easy, pregnancy rate is the highest, tends to popularize and application.
2. Intrauterine insemination time are different. Ewe of naturally cycling is inseminated after 24 hours of oestrus; Ewe of Estrus Induction is after 54 hours of device removal; Ewe of estrus synchronization is after 60 hours of device removal. Pregnancy rate of oestrus ewe is the best if it insemination effect at 2-3 hours before finishing oestrus, viz. ovulating.
3.Applying middle section insemination of the bilateral uterine cornus, insemination effect is better than unilateral uterine cornus
4.If insemination effective spermatozoa are 40 millions, insemination effect is the best. Besides, and insemination effective spermatozoa is tween 20 millions to 40 millions, insemination effective spermatozoa and pregnancy rate are linear relation.
5. The upmost insemination pregnancy rate of frozen semen for the ewe of naturally oestrus is 57.14%(4/7), the ewe of estrus induction is 62.50%(20/32), the ewe of estrus synchronization is 55.56% (5/9) . The application experiment of insemination confirmed that intrauterine insemination can improve pregnancy rate , twinning rate of insemination ewe and impregnation rate of embryo for superovulation donative ewe.
Postgraduate: Liu Yufeng Major: Animal genetic breeding and reproduction
Supervisor: Prof. Li Wu
1、在现有的试验条件下，子宫内输精法采用子宫钳将子宫角部分引导于腹腔外，将精液注入子宫角内输精，输精操作器具较简单，方法便捷，受胎率高，易于推广应用。
2、自然发情的母羊应该在发情后24小时，诱导发情的母羊应该在撤栓后54小时，同期发情母羊应该在撤栓后60小时进行子宫内输精。发情母羊子宫内输精的输精范围应该在发情结束前2～3小时，也就是排卵前2～3小时，输精效果好。
3、子宫内输精采用双侧子宫角比单侧子宫角输精效果好。
4、输入有效精子数为40×10~6时的输精效果好，有效精子数20×10~6～40×10~6之间，输精有效精子数和输精受胎率呈直线线性增加。
5、本试验自然发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为57.14％(4/7)，诱导发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为62.50％(20/32)，同期发情母羊子宫内冻精输精受胎率为55.56％(5/9)。而子宫颈口常规输精法鲜精受胎率为47.22％(17/36)，冻精受胎率为32.34％(54/167)，都比子宫内冻精输精受胎率低，差异显著(P＜0.05)。并且输精应用试验证实，子宫内输精可以提高输精母羊的受胎率和母羊双羔率，可以提高超数排卵供体母羊的胚胎受精率。
Pregnancy rate of artificial insemination of sheep is low, especially for frozen semen. The method of intrauterine insemination(i.e. laparoscopic intrauterine insemination )can improve artificial insemination efficiency. In this study, the mode, time, site, effective spermatozoa of intrauterine insemination were ascertained, and insemination technique has been ameliorated so as to be generalized during the production. In addition, Estrus induction of anoestrus season and estrus synchronization of breeding season also have been compared, and their insemination effect to superovulation of donor. The results validate the merits and maneuverability of laparoscopic intrauterine insemination. The results show that:
1.Under the existing experiment condition, the method of intrauterine insemination means that uterine cornu was fetched out with uterine forceps to eject semen outside peritoneal cavity, infuse semen into uterine cornu, Insemination operation's apparatus is simple , means is easy, pregnancy rate is the highest, tends to popularize and application.
2. Intrauterine insemination time are different. Ewe of naturally cycling is inseminated after 24 hours of oestrus; Ewe of Estrus Induction is after 54 hours of device removal; Ewe of estrus synchronization is after 60 hours of device removal. Pregnancy rate of oestrus ewe is the best if it insemination effect at 2-3 hours before finishing oestrus, viz. ovulating.
3.Applying middle section insemination of the bilateral uterine cornus, insemination effect is better than unilateral uterine cornus
4.If insemination effective spermatozoa are 40 millions, insemination effect is the best. Besides, and insemination effective spermatozoa is tween 20 millions to 40 millions, insemination effective spermatozoa and pregnancy rate are linear relation.
5. The upmost insemination pregnancy rate of frozen semen for the ewe of naturally oestrus is 57.14%(4/7), the ewe of estrus induction is 62.50%(20/32), the ewe of estrus synchronization is 55.56% (5/9) . The application experiment of insemination confirmed that intrauterine insemination can improve pregnancy rate , twinning rate of insemination ewe and impregnation rate of embryo for superovulation donative ewe.
Postgraduate: Liu Yufeng Major: Animal genetic breeding and reproduction
Supervisor: Prof. Li Wu
引文
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