双仓溢流式球磨机磨制过程的数学分析与实验研究
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摘要
球磨机是矿石磨制作业的主要设备,在有色、黑色、化工、核工业及建材的矿物选矿和加工业中占有重要地位。在中国铝业贵州分公司氧化铝厂配料工序,原有的球磨机和磨矿流程出产的原矿浆在粒度、固含及产能上均达不到后续工序的要求,使之成为氧化铝提产的瓶颈工序。
本文在参考球磨机磨矿理论的基础上,结合生产实际,针对格子磨无法满足“单套管预热——高压釜强化溶出”系统指标及高产能要求的难题,从球磨机对铝矿石的磨制原理出发,通过多次实验,认为原有设备无法满足生产需求,必须从球磨机构造入手,提出了改进磨矿工艺流程,改造球磨机结构的设想,用两个磨仓代替两段磨机；取消螺旋分级机,应用旋流器来实现矿浆分级,简化工艺流程,使结构布局紧凑合理；其隔仓板的可调式设计使双仓溢流式球磨机对矿石的适应性强,有利于指标优化。
氧化铝厂按以上方案试制双仓磨矿系统应用于生产中,并就隔仓板安装位置对出磨粒度的影响进行了工业实验。通过两年的实践证明,双仓溢流式球磨机磨矿系统满足了“单套管预热—高压釜强化溶出”对矿浆指标及磨机产能的要求,与原有磨矿系统相比,具有工艺流程简单、磨机结构紧凑、节能效果显著、运行维护费用降低的优点。
Ball mill, the main equipment in grinding ore, plays an important role in selecting and reproducing non-ferrous, black ore, chemical ore and ore used for nuclear industry and construction. It is also widely used in coal, electric power and other fields.
In the process of material matching in Alumina Factory of Guizhou Branch of China Aluminum Corporation, the raw ore magma, produced be the original ball mill through the original flowsheet of grinding circuit can not meet the requirements to size, the proportion of solid and production in processes afterwards. So it has ever been the obstacle to increase production. We in making reference to foundation of triturate theories and combining them with the real production, the technicians in our factory put forward the idea of improving equipments and process in grinding ore as well as reforming the structure of ball mill. Replace two ball mills to with two camaligs, Cancel spiral ratings machine, the applied hydroclone to carry out ore slurries ratings, can simplifying processing process, make structure layout compact reasonableness. They also fried to make equipments and process in production, come to the request of follow-up working procedure at the size, proportion of solid and production ability, In the two-year-long period, they worked hard to solve problems and improve continually, and Circulate a maintenance charge to lower. Two years later, they have proved the project is reasonable in art technique and has good application. Besides, every aspect of it can match the original one in grinding equipment and process. It is the first time for the usage of its design and industry application in Aluminum industry in China, and it has the value of wide introduction and good prospect of use.
本文在参考球磨机磨矿理论的基础上,结合生产实际,针对格子磨无法满足“单套管预热——高压釜强化溶出”系统指标及高产能要求的难题,从球磨机对铝矿石的磨制原理出发,通过多次实验,认为原有设备无法满足生产需求,必须从球磨机构造入手,提出了改进磨矿工艺流程,改造球磨机结构的设想,用两个磨仓代替两段磨机；取消螺旋分级机,应用旋流器来实现矿浆分级,简化工艺流程,使结构布局紧凑合理；其隔仓板的可调式设计使双仓溢流式球磨机对矿石的适应性强,有利于指标优化。
氧化铝厂按以上方案试制双仓磨矿系统应用于生产中,并就隔仓板安装位置对出磨粒度的影响进行了工业实验。通过两年的实践证明,双仓溢流式球磨机磨矿系统满足了“单套管预热—高压釜强化溶出”对矿浆指标及磨机产能的要求,与原有磨矿系统相比,具有工艺流程简单、磨机结构紧凑、节能效果显著、运行维护费用降低的优点。
Ball mill, the main equipment in grinding ore, plays an important role in selecting and reproducing non-ferrous, black ore, chemical ore and ore used for nuclear industry and construction. It is also widely used in coal, electric power and other fields.
In the process of material matching in Alumina Factory of Guizhou Branch of China Aluminum Corporation, the raw ore magma, produced be the original ball mill through the original flowsheet of grinding circuit can not meet the requirements to size, the proportion of solid and production in processes afterwards. So it has ever been the obstacle to increase production. We in making reference to foundation of triturate theories and combining them with the real production, the technicians in our factory put forward the idea of improving equipments and process in grinding ore as well as reforming the structure of ball mill. Replace two ball mills to with two camaligs, Cancel spiral ratings machine, the applied hydroclone to carry out ore slurries ratings, can simplifying processing process, make structure layout compact reasonableness. They also fried to make equipments and process in production, come to the request of follow-up working procedure at the size, proportion of solid and production ability, In the two-year-long period, they worked hard to solve problems and improve continually, and Circulate a maintenance charge to lower. Two years later, they have proved the project is reasonable in art technique and has good application. Besides, every aspect of it can match the original one in grinding equipment and process. It is the first time for the usage of its design and industry application in Aluminum industry in China, and it has the value of wide introduction and good prospect of use.
引文
1.李启衡主编,《碎矿与磨矿》.北京：冶金工业出版社,2004.
2.C·E·安德烈耶夫等著.北京矿业学院译.《有用矿物的破碎磨碎及筛分》,中国工业出版社,1963：231～306.
3.D.E.皮克特等著.《加拿大选矿实践》.北京：冶金工业出版社,(1983),427,437.
4.R·E·Mclvor,Min.Eng.,1983, No.617-622.
5.段希祥.《磨矿机的耗能物性与节能途径讨论》.昆明工学院学报.1986,NO.1,30.
6.戴少生,《矿山机械》,1987,No.7,14.
7.段希祥.《中国科学A辑》,1989,NO。8,856～863
8. Overton, C.W. et. al, Canadian Mineral Processors, Seventh Annual Meeting, Ottawa, Jan.1975.
9.夏菊芬.《冬瓜山铜选厂初步设计碎磨流程的选择与计算》,有色金属,2001(2)
10.唐新民.《提高磨机处理能力和能源利用率的研究》,矿山机械,2003(1)
11.李国保,唐新民.《球磨机钢球大小的试验研究》,矿山机械2005(4)
12.徐小荷等著.《岩石破碎学》.北京：煤炭工业出版社.1984：6～8.
13. H.R. Starke, Rock Products,15(1935), No.7,40.
14. M. K. Yelloji Rao, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall Rev.1991,7,137～174.
15. R. L. Pozzo, Miner. Metall Process,7(1991),No.1,16～21.
16. H.W. Xiang, Miner. Process Extr. Metall,7(1990),No.1,49～79.
17. R.H. Sailors, Miner. Metall process,6(1989),No.4,172～178.
18. J.W. Jang, Miner. Metall Process,6(1989),No.4,161～166.
19. K. Breenck and W.Jocobs,14th International Mineral Processing Congress, Canadian.
20.李启衡主编.《粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,79～90.
21. F.Loncha,Int.J.Minr.Process.34(1992),No.1,123～125.
22. Marilgn Scales. Can. Min. J.110(1989), No.12,14～15.
23. Armin Supp, Will Brandk, world Min.32(1979),No.10.90.
24.李启衡主编.《粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,93～115.
25.中南矿冶学院,东北工学院.《破碎筛分》.北京.中国工业出版社.1961.222～223.
26.李启衡主编《.粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,174～187.
27.段希祥.《选择性磨矿及其应用》.北京.冶金工业出版社.1991.17～20.
28.段希祥.《选择性磨矿及其应用》.北京.冶金工业出版社.1991.114～187.
29.郑水林.《工艺设备及应用》.北京.中国建材工业出版社.1993.110.
30. BELA BEKE, D.S.C., The Process of Fine Grinding, Akademiai Kiado, Budquest,1981, 26,58,95.
31.刘如金.《矿冶工程》,1991,Vol.11,No.4,49～52.
32.梁强立.《铝土矿浆磨的改造》,未发表。
2.C·E·安德烈耶夫等著.北京矿业学院译.《有用矿物的破碎磨碎及筛分》,中国工业出版社,1963：231～306.
3.D.E.皮克特等著.《加拿大选矿实践》.北京：冶金工业出版社,(1983),427,437.
4.R·E·Mclvor,Min.Eng.,1983, No.617-622.
5.段希祥.《磨矿机的耗能物性与节能途径讨论》.昆明工学院学报.1986,NO.1,30.
6.戴少生,《矿山机械》,1987,No.7,14.
7.段希祥.《中国科学A辑》,1989,NO。8,856～863
8. Overton, C.W. et. al, Canadian Mineral Processors, Seventh Annual Meeting, Ottawa, Jan.1975.
9.夏菊芬.《冬瓜山铜选厂初步设计碎磨流程的选择与计算》,有色金属,2001(2)
10.唐新民.《提高磨机处理能力和能源利用率的研究》,矿山机械,2003(1)
11.李国保,唐新民.《球磨机钢球大小的试验研究》,矿山机械2005(4)
12.徐小荷等著.《岩石破碎学》.北京：煤炭工业出版社.1984：6～8.
13. H.R. Starke, Rock Products,15(1935), No.7,40.
14. M. K. Yelloji Rao, Miner. Process. Extr. Metall Rev.1991,7,137～174.
15. R. L. Pozzo, Miner. Metall Process,7(1991),No.1,16～21.
16. H.W. Xiang, Miner. Process Extr. Metall,7(1990),No.1,49～79.
17. R.H. Sailors, Miner. Metall process,6(1989),No.4,172～178.
18. J.W. Jang, Miner. Metall Process,6(1989),No.4,161～166.
19. K. Breenck and W.Jocobs,14th International Mineral Processing Congress, Canadian.
20.李启衡主编.《粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,79～90.
21. F.Loncha,Int.J.Minr.Process.34(1992),No.1,123～125.
22. Marilgn Scales. Can. Min. J.110(1989), No.12,14～15.
23. Armin Supp, Will Brandk, world Min.32(1979),No.10.90.
24.李启衡主编.《粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,93～115.
25.中南矿冶学院,东北工学院.《破碎筛分》.北京.中国工业出版社.1961.222～223.
26.李启衡主编《.粉碎理论概要》.北京：冶金工业出版社,1993,174～187.
27.段希祥.《选择性磨矿及其应用》.北京.冶金工业出版社.1991.17～20.
28.段希祥.《选择性磨矿及其应用》.北京.冶金工业出版社.1991.114～187.
29.郑水林.《工艺设备及应用》.北京.中国建材工业出版社.1993.110.
30. BELA BEKE, D.S.C., The Process of Fine Grinding, Akademiai Kiado, Budquest,1981, 26,58,95.
31.刘如金.《矿冶工程》,1991,Vol.11,No.4,49～52.
32.梁强立.《铝土矿浆磨的改造》,未发表。
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