基于宁洱地震场地地震动反应分析
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摘要
本文首先对中国地震台网收集的2007年6月3日5时34分56秒宁洱6.4级地震中获得的三分量加速度记录进行了初步分析。在此次地震记录中,中国数字强震动台网云南区域台网有20多个强震动台站记录到此次地震产生的地面运动。记录的最大峰值加速度为：431.2 cm/s2。而且有近一半的加速度记录的断层距小于100km。
本文对此次地震记录分析,建立宁洱地区地震动衰减模型,然后利用场地土层响应分析,从而得出场地地震动理论值,为震害分析做出理论支撑。本文主要从地震动衰减与土层动力反应两方面进行了以下工作。
在地震动衰减方面,首先依据强震记录,对宁洱地震强震动特性进行了回归分析,给出了此次地震断层距附近地区的PGA衰减规律、加速度反应谱等地震动特性。同时考虑到此次强震记录在数据数量上的局限所致误差,故在基于地震地质环境地及地震动观测资料的分布情况,将云南划分为三个区,并采用能反映衰减速率与震级关系的衰减模型,依据历年来的地震动记录进行分析,建立宁洱地区的地震动峰值衰减关系。
另外,考虑到结构在强烈地震作用下,一般会进入非线性工作状态,其地震总输入能主要由结构的非弹性变形和阻尼来耗散。因此,能量才是对结构物进行非弹性设计或对结构物进行地震破坏评估的最合理参数。目前,基于能量的性态设计方法及理论也是地震工程中一个热门的研究课题。本文将进行一些探讨。
工程场地是地震波传播的载体,地震波在不同场地中传播特性存在着差异,场地条件对地震波的传播有重要影响已成为公认的事实。对于建筑结构,因体积庞大、质量巨大,如果建造于非基岩上,其上、下部结构动力相互作用将是一个不容忽视的影响因素,则结构的输入地震动也将大大有别于自由场地震动。因此,对高层建筑结构进行地震反应分析时采用的地震动输入需仔细讨论。
本文,利用理论分析方法——等效线性化土层地震反应分析方法进行分析处理。即先进行完全性弹性土层地震反应分析,然后对线性土体进行等效线性化处理,最后总结其计算程序框图。
另外,文中进行了松软夹层在土层结构中的影响浅析,在前人研究的基础上,对其震害调查做了总结性分析。
Firstly the record of 3 component acceleration from Ms6.4 Ning'er Earthquake at 05:34:56 on June 3,2007, which are collected by Chinese earthquake station net, is analyzed preliminarily in this paper. In this earthquake record, Chinese station net of digital strong earthquake motion in Yunan has collected more than 20 pieces of records of surface motion. The max acceleration of this record is 431.2 cm/s2. And almost half pieces of acceleration records come form fault distance which is less than 100km.
Analyzing this earthquake record, establishing the model of Ning'er ground motion attenuation and using ground response of soil analysis are to get ground notion theoretical value and prepare for earthquake disaster. Major tasks of this paper are two parts of ground motion attenuation and dynamic response of soil.
In ground motion attenuation aspect, by regression analysis of Ning'er strong earthquake motion characteristic, PGA attenuation rule of earthquake fault distance arrounding this earthquake area and acceleration respone spectrum are given. Meanwhile considering about the limitation from the data quantity of this earthquake record made error, Yunan is divided to 3 parts based on distribution situation of geologic circumstance and observation data of earthquake motion. And then attenuation model that can response attenuation speed and seismicity relation is used. According to analyzing historical earthquake record, the relationg of Ning'er earthquake motion peak attenuation is established.
Besides, a structure generally is put into non-linear state under the strong earthquake action. The earthquake in-put energy is dissipated by the damp and inelastic distortion. Hence, the energy is the best reasonable parameter when a structure is inelastic designed or evaluated for seismic hazard. Presently, the ultimate-state seismic design based on energy has been concerned in the field of earthquake engineering as a hot subject study.
Engineering site are the carrier of seismic wave propagation, seismic waves at different venues in the existence of differences in propagation characteristics, site conditions on seismic wave propagation has a significant impact has become an accepted fact. For building structures, large, quality great, if the construction to non-bedrock, and its on the lower part of the structure will be a dynamic interaction of the influencing factors can not be ignored, then the structure of the input ground motion will also be significantly different from the free space vibration. Therefore, high-rise building structure seismic response analysis using the input ground motion to be discussed in detail.
In this paper, utilizing theoretical analysis method, which means equivalent linear seismic response analysis of soil analysis of treatment methods, is that the first complete analysis of seismic response of elastic layer, and then carried out on the linear soil equivalent linearization, and finally summing up the calculation process diagram.
In addition, the paper conducted a soft interlayer in the structure of the impact of soil Analysis, in previous studies, based on its investigation to do a summary of damage analysis.
本文对此次地震记录分析,建立宁洱地区地震动衰减模型,然后利用场地土层响应分析,从而得出场地地震动理论值,为震害分析做出理论支撑。本文主要从地震动衰减与土层动力反应两方面进行了以下工作。
在地震动衰减方面,首先依据强震记录,对宁洱地震强震动特性进行了回归分析,给出了此次地震断层距附近地区的PGA衰减规律、加速度反应谱等地震动特性。同时考虑到此次强震记录在数据数量上的局限所致误差,故在基于地震地质环境地及地震动观测资料的分布情况,将云南划分为三个区,并采用能反映衰减速率与震级关系的衰减模型,依据历年来的地震动记录进行分析,建立宁洱地区的地震动峰值衰减关系。
另外,考虑到结构在强烈地震作用下,一般会进入非线性工作状态,其地震总输入能主要由结构的非弹性变形和阻尼来耗散。因此,能量才是对结构物进行非弹性设计或对结构物进行地震破坏评估的最合理参数。目前,基于能量的性态设计方法及理论也是地震工程中一个热门的研究课题。本文将进行一些探讨。
工程场地是地震波传播的载体,地震波在不同场地中传播特性存在着差异,场地条件对地震波的传播有重要影响已成为公认的事实。对于建筑结构,因体积庞大、质量巨大,如果建造于非基岩上,其上、下部结构动力相互作用将是一个不容忽视的影响因素,则结构的输入地震动也将大大有别于自由场地震动。因此,对高层建筑结构进行地震反应分析时采用的地震动输入需仔细讨论。
本文,利用理论分析方法——等效线性化土层地震反应分析方法进行分析处理。即先进行完全性弹性土层地震反应分析,然后对线性土体进行等效线性化处理,最后总结其计算程序框图。
另外,文中进行了松软夹层在土层结构中的影响浅析,在前人研究的基础上,对其震害调查做了总结性分析。
Firstly the record of 3 component acceleration from Ms6.4 Ning'er Earthquake at 05:34:56 on June 3,2007, which are collected by Chinese earthquake station net, is analyzed preliminarily in this paper. In this earthquake record, Chinese station net of digital strong earthquake motion in Yunan has collected more than 20 pieces of records of surface motion. The max acceleration of this record is 431.2 cm/s2. And almost half pieces of acceleration records come form fault distance which is less than 100km.
Analyzing this earthquake record, establishing the model of Ning'er ground motion attenuation and using ground response of soil analysis are to get ground notion theoretical value and prepare for earthquake disaster. Major tasks of this paper are two parts of ground motion attenuation and dynamic response of soil.
In ground motion attenuation aspect, by regression analysis of Ning'er strong earthquake motion characteristic, PGA attenuation rule of earthquake fault distance arrounding this earthquake area and acceleration respone spectrum are given. Meanwhile considering about the limitation from the data quantity of this earthquake record made error, Yunan is divided to 3 parts based on distribution situation of geologic circumstance and observation data of earthquake motion. And then attenuation model that can response attenuation speed and seismicity relation is used. According to analyzing historical earthquake record, the relationg of Ning'er earthquake motion peak attenuation is established.
Besides, a structure generally is put into non-linear state under the strong earthquake action. The earthquake in-put energy is dissipated by the damp and inelastic distortion. Hence, the energy is the best reasonable parameter when a structure is inelastic designed or evaluated for seismic hazard. Presently, the ultimate-state seismic design based on energy has been concerned in the field of earthquake engineering as a hot subject study.
Engineering site are the carrier of seismic wave propagation, seismic waves at different venues in the existence of differences in propagation characteristics, site conditions on seismic wave propagation has a significant impact has become an accepted fact. For building structures, large, quality great, if the construction to non-bedrock, and its on the lower part of the structure will be a dynamic interaction of the influencing factors can not be ignored, then the structure of the input ground motion will also be significantly different from the free space vibration. Therefore, high-rise building structure seismic response analysis using the input ground motion to be discussed in detail.
In this paper, utilizing theoretical analysis method, which means equivalent linear seismic response analysis of soil analysis of treatment methods, is that the first complete analysis of seismic response of elastic layer, and then carried out on the linear soil equivalent linearization, and finally summing up the calculation process diagram.
In addition, the paper conducted a soft interlayer in the structure of the impact of soil Analysis, in previous studies, based on its investigation to do a summary of damage analysis.
引文
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[02]工程地震文献选集：第一集[C].北京：建筑工业出版社,1985.
[03]吴从晓,等.广州大学云南普洱6.4级地震考查报告[R].广州：广州大学公共安全与防灾减灾研究中心,2007.
[04]Anderson J G. Nonparametric description of peak acceleration above a subduection trust[J].1997, Seismological Res. Lett.,68(1)
[05]崔建文,李世成,高东,赵永庆,包一峰.云南分区地震动衰减关系[J].地震研究,2006,29(4)：386-391.
[06]Barker J S, et al. Modeling ground-motion attenuation in eastern North America[A].see:proc. Symp. On Seismic. Hazard, Ground Motion.1988, Soil-Liquefaction and Engineering Practice in Eastern North America
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[08]耿淑伟.抗震设计中的地震动输入参数的研究[D]：[工学博士学位论文].中国哈尔滨：中国地震局工程力学研究所,2005
[09]崔建文,李世成,高东,等.2007年宁洱6.4级地震强震动观测记录[J].地震研究,2007,30(4)：384-387.
[10]谢英情,李岩峰,张建国,等.2007年宁洱6.4级地震发震构造分析[J].地震研究,2007,30(6)：388-391.
[11]Toro G, Mcguice RI. Model of strong ground motion from earthquakes in Central and Eastern North America:Best estimates and uncertainties [J]. Seismological Researth Letter,68(1).
[12]卢永坤曾应青周光全等.2007年宁洱6.4级地震震害综述[J].地震研究,2007,30(4)pp：364-372.
[13]陈棋福.大尺度地震灾害损失预测评估方法研究[D].中国地震局地球物理所博士论文,1997.
[14]Y.Li,S. T.Mau.Learning from Recorded Earthquake Motion of Buildings[J] Journal of Structrual Engineering, ASCE,1997,123(1) pp:62-69.
[15]汪素云,俞言祥,高阿甲,等.中国分区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].中国地震,2000,16(2)pp：15-21.
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[17]王培德,陈运秦,王鸣,等.中国西南地区近震源强地面运动特征[M].北京：地震出版社,1993
[18]Burger R W, Somerville P G, Hermann R B. The effect of crustal structure on strong ground motion attenuation in eastern North America [J].BSSA,77
[19]Donovan N C, Bornstein A E. Uncertainties in seismic risk procedures [A].1987.See:proc. Am. Soc. Civil Eng.,J. Geotech. Eng. Div.104
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