襄樊市波尔山羊推广和杂交改良效果的调查分析
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摘要
波尔山羊是世界各国用于改良当地山羊的优秀肉用羊品种,从全国各地对波尔山羊利用的现状看,无论是二元杂交、三元杂交还是级进杂交,都能获得较理想的改良效果。
襄樊市作为我省的畜牧业强市,推广波尔山羊具有充分利用丰富草山草坡资源、发挥山羊生产潜力、促进畜牧业结构调整、提高良种羊覆盖率、促进“三农”问题解决、改善生态环境、带动相关产业、开发绿色食品等多方面意义。
波尔山羊在襄樊地区的生长发育、繁殖性能、抗逆性情况基本良好,在襄樊市的杂交改良效果也十分明显。但襄樊地区在波尔山羊推广中存在利用率较低、分布不均衡、宣传力度不够、科技含量低、推广体系不顺畅等问题。笔者建议在襄樊市波尔山羊利用推广中要充分发挥现有波尔山羊种羊的作用,注重地区平衡;做好宣传发动,积极引导,发挥行政职能;注重培养典型,发挥示范带动作用,加快推广进度;加强技术研究,解决实际工作中的问题,确保养殖成功;开展科技普及,建立激励机制,抓好龙头企业;健全推广体系,建立人工授精网络;发展规模饲养,走羊业产业化之路,从而有效推动波尔山羊的推广工作。
Boer goat is an excellent meat breed that countries around the world are used for improving local goat. Watching by the existing situation from all parts of the country, utilizing Boer goat can obtain much more ideal improvement result, no matter two-way cross, three-way cross or upgrading.As a strong city of Hubei province in animal husbandry, Xiangfan's popularizing Boer goat has important meanings in many aspects, which include utilizing abundant grass hill and slope resources fully, exerting goat productive potentiality, promoting structural adjustment of animal husbandry, improving eminent goat breed proportion, settling well "three agricultural" problem, improving ecological environment, driving relevant industry and developing pollution-free food, etc. In Xiangfan, Boer goat is well basically in the facets such as growth development, reproduction performance and resistance ability while cross improvement result is remarkable too. But in the popularizing of Boer goat, Xiangfan exists some problems, such as utilization ratio is relatively lower, area distribution is unbalanced, scientific and technological content is low, agricultural technology popularization system is not smooth and propaganda is not enough, etc. So it is advised that in the utilization and popularization of Boer goat, Xiangfan should fully give play to the role of existing breeding goat and pay attention to area balance; do well in propagation and mobilization, guide actively and give play to executive function; pay attention to fostering model, give play to demonstration induced effect and accelerate popularization step; Strengthen technical research, solve problems existing in practical work and guarantee success of cultivating; launch science and technology popularization, set up incentive mechanism and do leading enterprises well; perfect popularization system sound and set up artificial fertilization network; develop scale feeding, take road to goat industry industrialization and thus promote the popularization of Boer goat effectively.
襄樊市作为我省的畜牧业强市,推广波尔山羊具有充分利用丰富草山草坡资源、发挥山羊生产潜力、促进畜牧业结构调整、提高良种羊覆盖率、促进“三农”问题解决、改善生态环境、带动相关产业、开发绿色食品等多方面意义。
波尔山羊在襄樊地区的生长发育、繁殖性能、抗逆性情况基本良好,在襄樊市的杂交改良效果也十分明显。但襄樊地区在波尔山羊推广中存在利用率较低、分布不均衡、宣传力度不够、科技含量低、推广体系不顺畅等问题。笔者建议在襄樊市波尔山羊利用推广中要充分发挥现有波尔山羊种羊的作用,注重地区平衡;做好宣传发动,积极引导,发挥行政职能;注重培养典型,发挥示范带动作用,加快推广进度;加强技术研究,解决实际工作中的问题,确保养殖成功;开展科技普及,建立激励机制,抓好龙头企业;健全推广体系,建立人工授精网络;发展规模饲养,走羊业产业化之路,从而有效推动波尔山羊的推广工作。
Boer goat is an excellent meat breed that countries around the world are used for improving local goat. Watching by the existing situation from all parts of the country, utilizing Boer goat can obtain much more ideal improvement result, no matter two-way cross, three-way cross or upgrading.As a strong city of Hubei province in animal husbandry, Xiangfan's popularizing Boer goat has important meanings in many aspects, which include utilizing abundant grass hill and slope resources fully, exerting goat productive potentiality, promoting structural adjustment of animal husbandry, improving eminent goat breed proportion, settling well "three agricultural" problem, improving ecological environment, driving relevant industry and developing pollution-free food, etc. In Xiangfan, Boer goat is well basically in the facets such as growth development, reproduction performance and resistance ability while cross improvement result is remarkable too. But in the popularizing of Boer goat, Xiangfan exists some problems, such as utilization ratio is relatively lower, area distribution is unbalanced, scientific and technological content is low, agricultural technology popularization system is not smooth and propaganda is not enough, etc. So it is advised that in the utilization and popularization of Boer goat, Xiangfan should fully give play to the role of existing breeding goat and pay attention to area balance; do well in propagation and mobilization, guide actively and give play to executive function; pay attention to fostering model, give play to demonstration induced effect and accelerate popularization step; Strengthen technical research, solve problems existing in practical work and guarantee success of cultivating; launch science and technology popularization, set up incentive mechanism and do leading enterprises well; perfect popularization system sound and set up artificial fertilization network; develop scale feeding, take road to goat industry industrialization and thus promote the popularization of Boer goat effectively.
引文
1.马月辉.波尔山羊的性能及利用[J].国外畜牧科技,1997,24(5):36-38
2.王志东,李亚东,黄永宏.波尔(Boer)山羊及其利用[J].中国草食动物,1999,1(4):36-39
3.杨光,冉启煌,牟朝军.波尔山羊与沿河白山羊杂交改良效果初报[J].中国草食动物,2002,22(2):13-15
4.熊朝瑞,陈天宝,王教勋,等.波尔山羊改良仁寿山羊产肉性能测定报告[J].四川畜牧兽医,1998(4):28-29
5.周广生,陈前岭,赵开飞.波尔山羊与徐淮山羊的杂交试验[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(1):40-41
6.禹全喜,黑正宏,陈应礼.波尔山羊与固原本地山羊杂交试验研究[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2004,(1):22-23
7.杨正春,马伟斌,袁丰涛,等.波尔山羊与陇东黑山羊和奶山羊杂交改良效果[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(3):24-26
8.谢喜平,陈螺眉,郭金森,等.布尔山羊与福清山羊杂交效果初报[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(4):20-21
9.韩凤香.利用波尔山羊改良槐山羊试验及推广效果[M].:全国养羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,2000:147
10.解继洋.波尔山羊与黄淮白山羊杂交改良效果[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(2):22—23
11.何明阳,董宗林,何家良,等.波尔山羊与成都麻羊杂交试验报告[M].:1999～2000年全国羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,2001:202-205
12.刘春吉,张广智,滕好远,等.波尔山羊与当地奶山羊杂交效果的初步研究[J].山东农业科学,2001,(2):39—40
13.海龙,吴广安,薛建华,等.波尔山羊与莎能山羊杂交试验[J].黑龙江畜牧科技,1999,(4):5-6
14.曹海军,高玉珍.当地奶山羊肉用生产性能的改良效果[J].山东畜牧兽医 2003(1):16-17
15.李祥龙,田庆义,刘金福,等.波尔山羊与唐山奶山羊杂交效果研究[J].辽宁畜牧兽医,1999(4):6—7
16.马文建,郝思英,褚仁忠.波尔山羊与鲁北白山羊二元杂交对比试验[J].中国草食动 物,2003,23(4):25
17.文际坤,叶瑞卿,阮晓贵.波尔山羊与鲁布革山羊杂交效果研究[J].中国草食动物,2001,3(5):20-23
18.张红平,陈圣偶.波尔山羊与南江黄羊杂交一代生长发育研究[J].四川农业大学学报,1999,17(4):406—410
19.徐恢仲,赵永聚.波尔山羊、南江黄羊与土种山羊杂交效果比较[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2003,22(1):1-3.
20.赵士湘.波尔山羊、马头山羊改良萨本山羊的效果观察[J].河南畜牧兽医,2003,24(7):17.
21.徐忠,管生.波尔山羊种质利用及配套技术研究[J].草食家畜,2003,121(4):14—17.
22.任守文,张浩.安徽白山羊不同杂交组合生长发育性能研究[J].中国草食动物,2001,3(2):17-19.
23.于侠贞,张俊宝.肉用山羊品种杂交组合试验[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(3):23-24.
24.杨军祥,陈学隐.波尔山羊与甘肃东部当地山羊杂交一代二代生产性能研究[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(4):23-24.
25.李祥龙,刘铮铸.波尔山羊及其杂交改良后代体重变异研究[J].河北职业技术师范学院学报,2001,15(4):1-4.
2.王志东,李亚东,黄永宏.波尔(Boer)山羊及其利用[J].中国草食动物,1999,1(4):36-39
3.杨光,冉启煌,牟朝军.波尔山羊与沿河白山羊杂交改良效果初报[J].中国草食动物,2002,22(2):13-15
4.熊朝瑞,陈天宝,王教勋,等.波尔山羊改良仁寿山羊产肉性能测定报告[J].四川畜牧兽医,1998(4):28-29
5.周广生,陈前岭,赵开飞.波尔山羊与徐淮山羊的杂交试验[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(1):40-41
6.禹全喜,黑正宏,陈应礼.波尔山羊与固原本地山羊杂交试验研究[J].甘肃畜牧兽医,2004,(1):22-23
7.杨正春,马伟斌,袁丰涛,等.波尔山羊与陇东黑山羊和奶山羊杂交改良效果[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(3):24-26
8.谢喜平,陈螺眉,郭金森,等.布尔山羊与福清山羊杂交效果初报[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(4):20-21
9.韩凤香.利用波尔山羊改良槐山羊试验及推广效果[M].:全国养羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,2000:147
10.解继洋.波尔山羊与黄淮白山羊杂交改良效果[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(2):22—23
11.何明阳,董宗林,何家良,等.波尔山羊与成都麻羊杂交试验报告[M].:1999～2000年全国羊生产与学术研讨会议论文集,2001:202-205
12.刘春吉,张广智,滕好远,等.波尔山羊与当地奶山羊杂交效果的初步研究[J].山东农业科学,2001,(2):39—40
13.海龙,吴广安,薛建华,等.波尔山羊与莎能山羊杂交试验[J].黑龙江畜牧科技,1999,(4):5-6
14.曹海军,高玉珍.当地奶山羊肉用生产性能的改良效果[J].山东畜牧兽医 2003(1):16-17
15.李祥龙,田庆义,刘金福,等.波尔山羊与唐山奶山羊杂交效果研究[J].辽宁畜牧兽医,1999(4):6—7
16.马文建,郝思英,褚仁忠.波尔山羊与鲁北白山羊二元杂交对比试验[J].中国草食动 物,2003,23(4):25
17.文际坤,叶瑞卿,阮晓贵.波尔山羊与鲁布革山羊杂交效果研究[J].中国草食动物,2001,3(5):20-23
18.张红平,陈圣偶.波尔山羊与南江黄羊杂交一代生长发育研究[J].四川农业大学学报,1999,17(4):406—410
19.徐恢仲,赵永聚.波尔山羊、南江黄羊与土种山羊杂交效果比较[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2003,22(1):1-3.
20.赵士湘.波尔山羊、马头山羊改良萨本山羊的效果观察[J].河南畜牧兽医,2003,24(7):17.
21.徐忠,管生.波尔山羊种质利用及配套技术研究[J].草食家畜,2003,121(4):14—17.
22.任守文,张浩.安徽白山羊不同杂交组合生长发育性能研究[J].中国草食动物,2001,3(2):17-19.
23.于侠贞,张俊宝.肉用山羊品种杂交组合试验[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(3):23-24.
24.杨军祥,陈学隐.波尔山羊与甘肃东部当地山羊杂交一代二代生产性能研究[J].中国草食动物,2003,23(4):23-24.
25.李祥龙,刘铮铸.波尔山羊及其杂交改良后代体重变异研究[J].河北职业技术师范学院学报,2001,15(4):1-4.