河北省农业技术创新面临的问题及路径选择研究
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摘要
河北省是一个农业大省,农业在河北省经济发展中发挥中非常重要的作用。但是河北省又是一个农业资源弱省,农业发展必需的淡水、耕地等资源在河北省的人均占有严重不足。为了实现河北省农业能够更好、更久地可持续发展,推动农业技术进步,提高技术要素的使用量和使用率在河北省就显得尤为重要。农业技术创新是河北省农业经济发展的不竭动力源泉,而农业技术创新的合理有效地利用,离不开一整套完善的技术创新路径使新技术能够得以推广应用,从实验室走向农业生产第一线。因此,系统深入地研究河北省农业技术创新面临的问题以及合适的技术创新路径不仅具有理论意义,而且对河北省农业技术创新实践,对河北省未来农业发展均具有指导作用。
本文的主要研究内容如下：
第一部分：对农业技术创新的理论分析。从舒尔茨的改造传统农业理论、熊彼特的技术创新理论的角度分析农业经济的发展离不开农业技术的进步,从诱致性技术变迁理论针对河北省的资源禀赋分析资源替代性技术是河北省农业未来的发方向。
第二部分：对河北省农业现状的分析及对河北省农业技术创新水平的评价。对河北省农业发展现状、自然资源禀赋进行分析,阐明河北省农业自然资源禀赋的不足,河北省农业的可持续发展不能过多的依赖自然资源；按照技术创新应用路径中所起的不同作用对技术应用主体进行分类；利用综合评价法分析河北省2004-2008年农业数据,评价河北省农业技术创新水平；选取具有代表性的美国、日本这两个国家,对两国农业技术进步在农业发展中的作用机制进行分析,总结他们成功的经验,找出河北省技术创新应用路径中存在的问题。
第三部分：河北省农业技术创新路径设计。结合美、日两国的发展模式,并利用前文找出的河北省农业技术创新路径的不足之处,对河北省农业技术创新领域提出自己的意见,设计河北省农业技术创新的发展路径。
Hebei Province is a major agricultural province,and the agriculture plays the very vital role in the Hebei economic development.However,Hebei Province is a province that is weak in Agricultural Resources at the same time,and,the fresh water, arable land and other resources which are necessary in development of agriculturalper capita in a extremely shortage of Hebei Province.Improve the technical elements of the use and utilization is particularly important in Hebei Province in order that agriculture achieve better extent in Hebei Province,and sustainable development for longer.As we all know,agricultural technology innovation development of agricultural economy and is an inexhaustible source of power to development agricultural economy,while,that how agricultural Technology Innovation be used rationally and effectively refer to a complete set of technological innovation program to promote the use of new technologies and send it to agricultural production the front line from laboratory. Consequently,the thoroughland systematical research on both the problem of agricultural technology innovation and the fit program of technology innovation in Hebei Province doesn't only have Theory significance,but Has the instruction function for agricultural technology innovation practice and agricultural development in the future.
This article main research content is as follows:
The first part,it is the analysis on agricultural technology innovation with theory.the fact that the development of agricultural economy refer to agricultural technology innovation will be analysized from the point of view of Schultz's transformation traditional farming theory and Schumpeter's technological innovation theory,at the same time,the forecast that the future direction of agriculture in Hebei is technology substitution of natural resources will be reached by analysising Resource endowment in Hebei Province on Non-independent technological changes theory.
The second part,it is the analysis on Agricultural Resources of Hebei Province and evaluation of technological innovation in agriculture.In this chapter, author will analysis present situation of agricultural development and natural resources endowment in Hebei Province,and then draws the conclusion of agricultural natural resources endowment in Hebei is so poor that agricultural economy develops by them Rarely degree.As well,author will carry on the classification to the main agricultural technology user based on their play different role in technology innovation program and will use comprehensive evaluation method analysis of hebei province form 2004 to 2008, evaluation data in hebei province agriculture agricultural technology innovation level,what's more, Selecte the United States, Japan these two countries for their representative,and then analysis their agricultural technology progress in agricultural development the action mechanisms,in the finish,the experience which they succeed will be Summarized in order to find the problem in technology innovation program.
The third part,it is the design for Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation.In this chapter author will Proposes own Suggestions and design the program on Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation Aiming at deficiencies of Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation Reference experience of America and Japan.
本文的主要研究内容如下：
第一部分：对农业技术创新的理论分析。从舒尔茨的改造传统农业理论、熊彼特的技术创新理论的角度分析农业经济的发展离不开农业技术的进步,从诱致性技术变迁理论针对河北省的资源禀赋分析资源替代性技术是河北省农业未来的发方向。
第二部分：对河北省农业现状的分析及对河北省农业技术创新水平的评价。对河北省农业发展现状、自然资源禀赋进行分析,阐明河北省农业自然资源禀赋的不足,河北省农业的可持续发展不能过多的依赖自然资源；按照技术创新应用路径中所起的不同作用对技术应用主体进行分类；利用综合评价法分析河北省2004-2008年农业数据,评价河北省农业技术创新水平；选取具有代表性的美国、日本这两个国家,对两国农业技术进步在农业发展中的作用机制进行分析,总结他们成功的经验,找出河北省技术创新应用路径中存在的问题。
第三部分：河北省农业技术创新路径设计。结合美、日两国的发展模式,并利用前文找出的河北省农业技术创新路径的不足之处,对河北省农业技术创新领域提出自己的意见,设计河北省农业技术创新的发展路径。
Hebei Province is a major agricultural province,and the agriculture plays the very vital role in the Hebei economic development.However,Hebei Province is a province that is weak in Agricultural Resources at the same time,and,the fresh water, arable land and other resources which are necessary in development of agriculturalper capita in a extremely shortage of Hebei Province.Improve the technical elements of the use and utilization is particularly important in Hebei Province in order that agriculture achieve better extent in Hebei Province,and sustainable development for longer.As we all know,agricultural technology innovation development of agricultural economy and is an inexhaustible source of power to development agricultural economy,while,that how agricultural Technology Innovation be used rationally and effectively refer to a complete set of technological innovation program to promote the use of new technologies and send it to agricultural production the front line from laboratory. Consequently,the thoroughland systematical research on both the problem of agricultural technology innovation and the fit program of technology innovation in Hebei Province doesn't only have Theory significance,but Has the instruction function for agricultural technology innovation practice and agricultural development in the future.
This article main research content is as follows:
The first part,it is the analysis on agricultural technology innovation with theory.the fact that the development of agricultural economy refer to agricultural technology innovation will be analysized from the point of view of Schultz's transformation traditional farming theory and Schumpeter's technological innovation theory,at the same time,the forecast that the future direction of agriculture in Hebei is technology substitution of natural resources will be reached by analysising Resource endowment in Hebei Province on Non-independent technological changes theory.
The second part,it is the analysis on Agricultural Resources of Hebei Province and evaluation of technological innovation in agriculture.In this chapter, author will analysis present situation of agricultural development and natural resources endowment in Hebei Province,and then draws the conclusion of agricultural natural resources endowment in Hebei is so poor that agricultural economy develops by them Rarely degree.As well,author will carry on the classification to the main agricultural technology user based on their play different role in technology innovation program and will use comprehensive evaluation method analysis of hebei province form 2004 to 2008, evaluation data in hebei province agriculture agricultural technology innovation level,what's more, Selecte the United States, Japan these two countries for their representative,and then analysis their agricultural technology progress in agricultural development the action mechanisms,in the finish,the experience which they succeed will be Summarized in order to find the problem in technology innovation program.
The third part,it is the design for Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation.In this chapter author will Proposes own Suggestions and design the program on Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation Aiming at deficiencies of Hebei Province agricultural technology innovation Reference experience of America and Japan.
引文
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[2]W. E. Foster. "Measuring the Contribution of Plant Breeding to Crop Yields:Flue-Cured Tobacco,1954-1987." American Journal of Agricultural Economics,73(1991):850-59.
[3]G. R. Pautsch. "Moving from Uniform to Variable Nitrogen Applications on Iowa Corn: Effects on Rates and Returns." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 23(1998):385-400.
[4]Pautsch, G. R., B. A. Babcock and F. Jay Breidt. "Optimal Information Acquisition under a Geostatistical Model." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics,24(December 1999):342-66.
[5]Hoag, D. L., W. E. Foster. "Field-Level Measurements of Land Productivity and Program Slippage. "American Journal of Agricultural Economics,75(1993):181-89.
[6]Solow, R.M. ""echnical change and the aggregate production function" Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol.39,1957.
[7]Paz, T. Colvin, D. Karlen, B. A. Babcock, T. Kaspar, and S. Logsdon. "Model-Based Technique to Determine Variable-Rate Nitrogen for Corn." Agricultural Systems Journal 61(1999):69-75.
[8]D. Popp. "The Effect of New Technology on Energy Consumption," Resource and Energy Economics,23:4, July 2001, pp.215-239.
[9]Mitchell, P.D., T.M. Hurley, B.A. Babcock, and R.L. Hellmich. ""nsuring the Stewardship of Bt Corn:A Carrot versus a Stick." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, in press.
[10]Hart, C.E., and B.A. Babcock. "".S. Farm Policy and the WTO:How Do They Match Up?" Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, in press.
[11]张凤友.美国农业科技的发展与启示[J]济源职业技术学院学报.2003.4
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[13]姜华,娄伟.我国传统产业的创新路径[J]瞭望新闻周刊.2007.28
[14]郭将.农户行为与我国农业技术创新的路径选择[J]安徽农业科技.2008.6
[15]程瑞芳：中国农业产业市场绩效研究[M]北京：中国社会科学出版社,2008.6
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[18]王炳才,李亚娜：技术创新与产业区域转移[M]北京：经济管理出版社,2009.3
[19]侯云先,王锡岩：战略产业博弈分析[M]北京：机械工业出版社,2004.6
[20]林毅夫：制度、技术与中国农业发展[M]上海：上海人民出版社,2005
[21]蒋和平等：高新技术改造传统农业的思路与实践[M]北京：中国农业出版社,2003.8
[22]傅家骥,雷家骕：技术经济学前沿问题[M]北京：经济科学出版社,2003
[23]熊彼特：经济发展理论[M]西安：陕西师范大学出版社,2007.
[24]高鸿帧：测定农业技术进步的变速模型[J]农业技术经济,1991
[25]吕火明：测定农业技术进步作用的方法比较[J]农业技术经济,1990
[26]宋之杰,施小平：河北省区域创新能力对经济增长的贡献率的实证分析[J]河北学刊,2010
[27]傅家骥：技术创新学[M]北京：清华大学出版社,1993
[28]朱希刚：农业科研成果经济效益计算方法[M]北京：中国农业科技出版社,1993
[29]刘天福：农业投资经济效果研究[M]北京：中国农业出版社,1985
[30]卢良恕：中国农业科技发展与现代农业建设[J]中国食物与营养,2008
[31]肖洪安等：农业技术创新的理论与实证研究[M]北京：中国农业出版社,2008
[32]河北省统计局：河北农村统计年鉴[M]北京：中国统计出版社,2007
[33]李秉龙等：农业经济管理概论[M]北京：中共中央党校出版社,2005
[34]卢良恕：中国农业现代化建设理论、道路与模式[M]济南：山东科技出版社,1996
[35]蒋和平等：1995-1999年全国农业科技进步贡献率的测定和分析[J]农业技术经济,2001
[36]熊鸿军,戴昌钧：技术变迁中的路径依赖与锁定级其政策含义[J]技术进步与对策,2009
[37]西奥多·W·舒尔茨著；梁小民译：改造传统农业[M]北京：商务出版社,2009
[38]罗伟雄,丁振京：发达国家农业技术推广制度[M]北京：时事出版社,2001
[39]雷茂良：关于我国农业科研投入与农业科研机构体制改革有关问题的思考[J]北京：直属机关党委,2006
[40]游建章：宁波城乡联动的诱致性技术创新实证分析[J]北京：现代商业,2010
[41]范留邦：农业技术创新在农业发展中的作用[J]长沙：湖南农业科学,2009
[42]安礼伟,张二震：技术创新的国内、国际比较与借鉴[J]现代经济探讨,2009
[43]段小华,鲁若愚：技术创新路径的概念与类型[J]四川经济管理学院学报,2009
[44]王思明：诱致性技术与制度变迁[J]古今农业,2002
[2]W. E. Foster. "Measuring the Contribution of Plant Breeding to Crop Yields:Flue-Cured Tobacco,1954-1987." American Journal of Agricultural Economics,73(1991):850-59.
[3]G. R. Pautsch. "Moving from Uniform to Variable Nitrogen Applications on Iowa Corn: Effects on Rates and Returns." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 23(1998):385-400.
[4]Pautsch, G. R., B. A. Babcock and F. Jay Breidt. "Optimal Information Acquisition under a Geostatistical Model." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics,24(December 1999):342-66.
[5]Hoag, D. L., W. E. Foster. "Field-Level Measurements of Land Productivity and Program Slippage. "American Journal of Agricultural Economics,75(1993):181-89.
[6]Solow, R.M. ""echnical change and the aggregate production function" Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol.39,1957.
[7]Paz, T. Colvin, D. Karlen, B. A. Babcock, T. Kaspar, and S. Logsdon. "Model-Based Technique to Determine Variable-Rate Nitrogen for Corn." Agricultural Systems Journal 61(1999):69-75.
[8]D. Popp. "The Effect of New Technology on Energy Consumption," Resource and Energy Economics,23:4, July 2001, pp.215-239.
[9]Mitchell, P.D., T.M. Hurley, B.A. Babcock, and R.L. Hellmich. ""nsuring the Stewardship of Bt Corn:A Carrot versus a Stick." Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, in press.
[10]Hart, C.E., and B.A. Babcock. "".S. Farm Policy and the WTO:How Do They Match Up?" Estey Centre Journal of International Law and Trade Policy, in press.
[11]张凤友.美国农业科技的发展与启示[J]济源职业技术学院学报.2003.4
[12]孙世芳等.关于河北省农业技术市场的考察报告[J]农业技术经济.1994.3
[13]姜华,娄伟.我国传统产业的创新路径[J]瞭望新闻周刊.2007.28
[14]郭将.农户行为与我国农业技术创新的路径选择[J]安徽农业科技.2008.6
[15]程瑞芳：中国农业产业市场绩效研究[M]北京：中国社会科学出版社,2008.6
[16]庄卫民：产业发展与技术进步[M]上海：立信会计出版社,2003.5
[17]白玲：技术创新与产业竞争力研究[M]北京：经济管理出版社,2009.3
[18]王炳才,李亚娜：技术创新与产业区域转移[M]北京：经济管理出版社,2009.3
[19]侯云先,王锡岩：战略产业博弈分析[M]北京：机械工业出版社,2004.6
[20]林毅夫：制度、技术与中国农业发展[M]上海：上海人民出版社,2005
[21]蒋和平等：高新技术改造传统农业的思路与实践[M]北京：中国农业出版社,2003.8
[22]傅家骥,雷家骕：技术经济学前沿问题[M]北京：经济科学出版社,2003
[23]熊彼特：经济发展理论[M]西安：陕西师范大学出版社,2007.
[24]高鸿帧：测定农业技术进步的变速模型[J]农业技术经济,1991
[25]吕火明：测定农业技术进步作用的方法比较[J]农业技术经济,1990
[26]宋之杰,施小平：河北省区域创新能力对经济增长的贡献率的实证分析[J]河北学刊,2010
[27]傅家骥：技术创新学[M]北京：清华大学出版社,1993
[28]朱希刚：农业科研成果经济效益计算方法[M]北京：中国农业科技出版社,1993
[29]刘天福：农业投资经济效果研究[M]北京：中国农业出版社,1985
[30]卢良恕：中国农业科技发展与现代农业建设[J]中国食物与营养,2008
[31]肖洪安等：农业技术创新的理论与实证研究[M]北京：中国农业出版社,2008
[32]河北省统计局：河北农村统计年鉴[M]北京：中国统计出版社,2007
[33]李秉龙等：农业经济管理概论[M]北京：中共中央党校出版社,2005
[34]卢良恕：中国农业现代化建设理论、道路与模式[M]济南：山东科技出版社,1996
[35]蒋和平等：1995-1999年全国农业科技进步贡献率的测定和分析[J]农业技术经济,2001
[36]熊鸿军,戴昌钧：技术变迁中的路径依赖与锁定级其政策含义[J]技术进步与对策,2009
[37]西奥多·W·舒尔茨著；梁小民译：改造传统农业[M]北京：商务出版社,2009
[38]罗伟雄,丁振京：发达国家农业技术推广制度[M]北京：时事出版社,2001
[39]雷茂良：关于我国农业科研投入与农业科研机构体制改革有关问题的思考[J]北京：直属机关党委,2006
[40]游建章：宁波城乡联动的诱致性技术创新实证分析[J]北京：现代商业,2010
[41]范留邦：农业技术创新在农业发展中的作用[J]长沙：湖南农业科学,2009
[42]安礼伟,张二震：技术创新的国内、国际比较与借鉴[J]现代经济探讨,2009
[43]段小华,鲁若愚：技术创新路径的概念与类型[J]四川经济管理学院学报,2009
[44]王思明：诱致性技术与制度变迁[J]古今农业,2002