语音衔接构建连贯语篇的功能
摘要
Halliday认为语篇在形式上衔接,在语域上前后保持一致,这样的语篇就是连贯的语篇。国内学者朱永生、严世清在《系统功能语言学多维思考》中对Halliday的语篇连贯标准进行了补充与完善。他们认为,语域一致主要指两个方面:(1)上下文的组织符合该类语篇通常的组织方式,检查的依据是看是否有正常的语类结构;(2)整段话有一个中心话题,检查的依据是看这段话中有没有一个能包容所有小话题的大话题,这个大话题就是读者能把全篇的内容置入其中的认知框架。这样一来,Halliday的语篇连贯标准就很权威且全面。因此,本文拟从这个连贯标准出发,论证语音衔接不仅能从微观(语调衔接、押韵衔接、弱音变衔接)连贯语篇,并且语音衔接机制在语类结构和语篇主题连贯语篇中可以发挥间接的衔接功能。这样,语音衔接从宏观上,即语类结构和语篇主题上,可以连贯、建构和谐语篇。这印证了语音衔接能在Halliday所说的保证语篇连贯的两个标准上发挥作用,充分证明了语音衔接在建构连贯语篇上的重要性。另外,本文重点探讨了语音衔接构建连贯语篇在英语听力语篇中的应用,掌握这一理论有助于我们提高英语听力理解能力,这说明语音衔接理论在实践中有重要的指导意义。
Halliday holds that text is coherent as long as it is cohesive in form and consistent in register. National scholars, Zhu Yongsheng and Yan Shiqing, in Reflections on Systemic-Functional Linguistics supplement and perfect this text coherence criterion, asserting that consistence in register mainly refers to two aspects: (1) The whole context conforms to the usual organization pattern of this sort of text. Inspecting basis is to see whether the generic structure is normal or not; (2) There is a main topic in the whole text. Inspecting basis is to see if there is a topic in the whole text in which all sub-topics could be included and this topic is the very cognitive frame into which readers could put the whole text. Thus, Halliday’s text coherence criterion is comprehensive and authoritative. By this coherence criterion the paper demonstrates that phonological system can not only cohere a text in micro-panels (intonation cohesion, rhyme cohesion, weak phonological shift cohesion), but also function indirectly when generic structure and text topic cohere a text. Hence, phonological system coheres and constructs a cohesive text in macro-panels, that is in generic structure and text topic. It fully proves that phonological cohesion functions in the two text coherence criterion which Halliday mentions, actually it contributes a lot to text coherence. In addition, the paper focuses on the practical application of the theory in English listening texts. It is helpful to improve our listening comprehension skills. So, this theory is very instructive in practice.
Halliday holds that text is coherent as long as it is cohesive in form and consistent in register. National scholars, Zhu Yongsheng and Yan Shiqing, in Reflections on Systemic-Functional Linguistics supplement and perfect this text coherence criterion, asserting that consistence in register mainly refers to two aspects: (1) The whole context conforms to the usual organization pattern of this sort of text. Inspecting basis is to see whether the generic structure is normal or not; (2) There is a main topic in the whole text. Inspecting basis is to see if there is a topic in the whole text in which all sub-topics could be included and this topic is the very cognitive frame into which readers could put the whole text. Thus, Halliday’s text coherence criterion is comprehensive and authoritative. By this coherence criterion the paper demonstrates that phonological system can not only cohere a text in micro-panels (intonation cohesion, rhyme cohesion, weak phonological shift cohesion), but also function indirectly when generic structure and text topic cohere a text. Hence, phonological system coheres and constructs a cohesive text in macro-panels, that is in generic structure and text topic. It fully proves that phonological cohesion functions in the two text coherence criterion which Halliday mentions, actually it contributes a lot to text coherence. In addition, the paper focuses on the practical application of the theory in English listening texts. It is helpful to improve our listening comprehension skills. So, this theory is very instructive in practice.
引文
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③赵忠德.音系学[M].上海外语教育版社,2006年.第230页.
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①王力.汉语诗律学[M].上海外语教育出版社,1979年.第146页.
①王佐良等.英语文体学引论[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1987年.第45-46页.
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①胡壮麟.语篇的衔接与连贯[M].上海外语教育出版社,1994年9月.第159页.
②胡壮麟.语篇的衔接与连贯[M].上海外语教育出版社,1994年9月.第160-162页.
①徐特辉.谈谈语音衔接[J].中山大学学报论丛,1999,(5).
①徐立新.篇章中的语音衔接[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2000,(4).
①徐特辉.谈谈语音衔接[J].中山大学学报论丛,1999,(5).
①曲明文.英语语调在口头语篇中的意义[J].外语教学,2006,(3).
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②赵忠德.音系学[M].上海外语教育出版社, 2006年.第130页.
③Cruttenden.Intonation.[M].Cambridge University Press,1997.P74.
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②Cruttenden.Intonation[M].Cambridge University Press,1997.P80.
①张今,张克定.英汉语信息结构对比研究[M].河南大学出版社,1998年.第86页.
②徐特辉.谈谈语音衔接[J].中山大学学报论丛,1999,(5).
③赵忠德.音系学[M].上海外语教育版社,2006年.第230页.
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①赵忠德.音系学[M].上海外语教育版社,2006年.第232页.
②赵忠德.音系学[M].上海外语教育版社,2006年.第234页.
①王力.汉语诗律学[M].上海外语教育出版社,1979年.第146页.
①王佐良等.英语文体学引论[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1987年.第45-46页.
[1] Bawarshi.A. The Genre Function[J]. College English, 2000, (2).
[2] Beyssade.C.&J.Marandin.Topic Marking, Discourse Topic and Discourse Moves[A]. the Workshop on Information Structure in Context. Germany: University of Stuttgart, Nov.15-16, 2002.
[3] Brazil.D.C. The Communicative Value of Intonation[M]. Birmingham: English Language Research, 1985.
[4] Brazil.D.C. Intonation.Working Papers in Discourse Analysis[M]. Birmingham: English Language Research, 1973.
[5] Bolinger,Dwight. Intonation and Its Parts[M]. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1986.
[6] Brown.G.,Yule.G. Discourse Analysis[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
[7] Cruttenden. Intonation[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
[8] Chapman,Raymond. The Treatment of Sounds in Language and Literature[M]. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.
[9] Chafe Wallace. Cognitive Constraints on Information Flow[M]. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987.
[10] Eggins.S. An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics[M]. London: Pinter, 1994.
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