虚拟地铁场景的建模与仿真
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摘要
随着虚拟现实技术的快速发展和日益成熟,其应用也越来越广泛,并开始向各个领域延伸。目前,虚拟现实技术已经在娱乐、医疗、教育与培训、工程与建筑等方面获得了广泛应用。
将虚拟现实技术应用于地铁列车驾驶仿真系统中,利用先进的计算机仿真技术对驾驶人员进行有效的训练,不仅能有效缓解目前我国列车驾驶系统面临的压力,而且可以避免环境污染,减少能源消耗,降低训练成本,因此具有十分重要的意义。视景系统是地铁列车驾驶仿真系统的重要组成部分,它是衡量一个仿真系统先进与否的关键因素之一,也是保证训练效果的重要条件。
本文首先介绍了地铁列车驾驶仿真系统的结构及其在国内外的发展现状,同时阐述了地铁列车驾驶仿真系统研究的意义。根据系统要求对场景建模工具做出了选择,采用VC++6.0和Vega构建了仿真开发平台,并在此基础上确定了系统的总体构成。接着详细的论述了以下几个方面的内容:
(1)三维视景仿真系统中用到的三维模型变换和图形处理算法;
(2)地铁站台及轨道线路的三维模型数据库构建;
(3)三维实时视景仿真的系统配置和驱动模块的开发。
其中,地铁站台和轨道的三维模型构建是本文的重点,利用现有的地铁列车在轨道上运行的数据并结合实地拍摄的照片对运行环境进行实体建模,以做到逼真。三维实时视景驱动软件的开发是论文的难点,其中包括场景漫游和网络通讯。
在本文最后,总结了所做工作中的不足之处,提出了对以后工作的展望。
With the rapid development and mature of virtual reality technology, the virtual reality techniques are applied extensively in many fields. At present, virtual reality technology has been applied in entertainment, medical treatment, engineering and architecture, education and training.
When virtual reality technology is applied in a train driving simulation system, the drivers can get effective training with advanced simulation technology, which is very important because the pressure of train driving simulation system in our country can be relieved. And at the same time, it can also help to avoid environment pollution, decrease energy consuming, and lessen training cost. Visual system is an important component of a train driving simulation system, it is a key factor to evaluate whether the train driving simulation system is advanced or not, it is also a principal condition to ensure the training effect.
This article first introduced the structure and the development status of the train driving simulation system at home and abroad, simultaneously elaborated its significance of the study. Secondly, the modeling tools is determined by system requirement, VC++6.0 and Vega are adopted to construct simulation platform, and then the system development project is put forward on the basis of them. There are several research aspects in the paper:
(1) 3D model transformation and graph processing algorithm in 3D view simulation system
(2) Construct the subway platform and the track line 3D model database
(3) 3D real-time view simulation system configuration and drive software development
In these three aspects, 3D model building of subway station and track is key question to be solved of the paper. On 3D scene modeling, with the operating data of the present subway running on the track and real photographs, makes 3D modeling for running environment and achieves the real scene. The development of 3D drive software is the paper difficulty, which includes real-time scene driving and network communication.
In the end, the limitations of the work are summarized and the respects of the future work are also outlined.
将虚拟现实技术应用于地铁列车驾驶仿真系统中,利用先进的计算机仿真技术对驾驶人员进行有效的训练,不仅能有效缓解目前我国列车驾驶系统面临的压力,而且可以避免环境污染,减少能源消耗,降低训练成本,因此具有十分重要的意义。视景系统是地铁列车驾驶仿真系统的重要组成部分,它是衡量一个仿真系统先进与否的关键因素之一,也是保证训练效果的重要条件。
本文首先介绍了地铁列车驾驶仿真系统的结构及其在国内外的发展现状,同时阐述了地铁列车驾驶仿真系统研究的意义。根据系统要求对场景建模工具做出了选择,采用VC++6.0和Vega构建了仿真开发平台,并在此基础上确定了系统的总体构成。接着详细的论述了以下几个方面的内容:
(1)三维视景仿真系统中用到的三维模型变换和图形处理算法;
(2)地铁站台及轨道线路的三维模型数据库构建;
(3)三维实时视景仿真的系统配置和驱动模块的开发。
其中,地铁站台和轨道的三维模型构建是本文的重点,利用现有的地铁列车在轨道上运行的数据并结合实地拍摄的照片对运行环境进行实体建模,以做到逼真。三维实时视景驱动软件的开发是论文的难点,其中包括场景漫游和网络通讯。
在本文最后,总结了所做工作中的不足之处,提出了对以后工作的展望。
With the rapid development and mature of virtual reality technology, the virtual reality techniques are applied extensively in many fields. At present, virtual reality technology has been applied in entertainment, medical treatment, engineering and architecture, education and training.
When virtual reality technology is applied in a train driving simulation system, the drivers can get effective training with advanced simulation technology, which is very important because the pressure of train driving simulation system in our country can be relieved. And at the same time, it can also help to avoid environment pollution, decrease energy consuming, and lessen training cost. Visual system is an important component of a train driving simulation system, it is a key factor to evaluate whether the train driving simulation system is advanced or not, it is also a principal condition to ensure the training effect.
This article first introduced the structure and the development status of the train driving simulation system at home and abroad, simultaneously elaborated its significance of the study. Secondly, the modeling tools is determined by system requirement, VC++6.0 and Vega are adopted to construct simulation platform, and then the system development project is put forward on the basis of them. There are several research aspects in the paper:
(1) 3D model transformation and graph processing algorithm in 3D view simulation system
(2) Construct the subway platform and the track line 3D model database
(3) 3D real-time view simulation system configuration and drive software development
In these three aspects, 3D model building of subway station and track is key question to be solved of the paper. On 3D scene modeling, with the operating data of the present subway running on the track and real photographs, makes 3D modeling for running environment and achieves the real scene. The development of 3D drive software is the paper difficulty, which includes real-time scene driving and network communication.
In the end, the limitations of the work are summarized and the respects of the future work are also outlined.
引文
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[8]吴重光.仿真技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000
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[11]何薇.计算机图形技术与CAD[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001
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[19]王乘,李利军,周均清等.Vega实时三维视景仿真技术[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2005
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[26]李师贤.C++程序设计实验教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[27]高广任.C++语言详解与程序设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2006
[28]孙鑫,余安平.VC++深入详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[29]祁云嵩,刘永良,华伟.VC++程序设计解析与训练[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2005
[30]孙正兴.计算机图形学教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006
[31]任爱华.计算机图形学[M].北京:北京航天大学出版社,2005
[32]唐泽圣,周嘉玉,李新友.计算机图形学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[33]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.MultiGen Creator User's Guide[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2004
[34]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Vega Programmer's Guide(Version 3.7)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[35]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Lynx User's Guide(Version 3.7)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[36]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Creating Terrain for Simulations(Version 3.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[37]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Creating Models for Simulations(Version 3.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[38]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.OpenFlight Scene Description Database Specification(Version 15.7.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2000
[39]Yang Jianguo,Wang Cheng.Virtual reality technology based on multigen &vega[J].Computer Simulation,2003,20(11):75-77
[40]Manetta C,Blade R.Glossary of Virtual Reality Terminology[J].International Journal of Virtual Reality,1995,1(2)
[2]杜霄.三维视景仿真技术在地铁列车运行控制系统仿真中的应用:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学,2006
[3]何鸿云,周美玉.机车模拟装置发展综述及建议[J].北京:中国铁路,1998(12)
[4]吴家铸,党岗,刘华峰等.视景仿真技术及应用[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001
[5]孟晓梅,刘文庆.MultiGen Creator教程[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[6]王乘,周均清,李利军.Creator可视化仿真建模技术[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2005
[7]吴旭光,王新明.计算机仿真技术与应用[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,1998
[8]吴重光.仿真技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000
[9]曾建超,俞志合.虚拟现实的技术及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996
[10]洪炳镕,蔡则苏.虚拟现实及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[11]何薇.计算机图形技术与CAD[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001
[12]陆润民,李学志.计算机绘图[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[13]钱能.C++程序设计教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[14]辛长安,梅林.VC++编程技术与难点剖析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[15]蔡士杰,吴家榕,孙正兴等译.计算机图形学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[16]龚卓蓉.LynX图形界面[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[17]龚卓蓉.Vega程序设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[18]龚卓蓉.可选模块的使用与开发[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2003
[19]王乘,李利军,周均清等.Vega实时三维视景仿真技术[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2005
[20]张茂军.虚拟现实系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2001
[21]石教英.虚拟现实基础及实用算法[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[22]约翰斯顿,曾葆青,丁晓非.现代C++程序设计[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[23]郝谦.C++面向对象程序设计[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2006
[24]徐孝凯.C++语言基础教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[25]罗建军,朱丹军,顾刚等.C++程序设计教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007
[26]李师贤.C++程序设计实验教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006
[27]高广任.C++语言详解与程序设计[M].北京:科学出版社,2006
[28]孙鑫,余安平.VC++深入详解[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[29]祁云嵩,刘永良,华伟.VC++程序设计解析与训练[M].上海:华东理工大学出版社,2005
[30]孙正兴.计算机图形学教程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006
[31]任爱华.计算机图形学[M].北京:北京航天大学出版社,2005
[32]唐泽圣,周嘉玉,李新友.计算机图形学基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[33]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.MultiGen Creator User's Guide[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2004
[34]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Vega Programmer's Guide(Version 3.7)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[35]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Lynx User's Guide(Version 3.7)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[36]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Creating Terrain for Simulations(Version 3.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[37]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.Creating Models for Simulations(Version 3.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2001
[38]MultiGen-Paradigm Inc.OpenFlight Scene Description Database Specification(Version 15.7.0)[M].U.S.A:MultiGen-Paradigm Inc,2000
[39]Yang Jianguo,Wang Cheng.Virtual reality technology based on multigen &vega[J].Computer Simulation,2003,20(11):75-77
[40]Manetta C,Blade R.Glossary of Virtual Reality Terminology[J].International Journal of Virtual Reality,1995,1(2)