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辽吉古元古裂谷带构造演化的年代学制约
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摘要
辽吉古元古裂谷带分布于郯庐断裂以东的辽东-吉南地区,是一条夹于北部的太古宙龙岗地块、南部的辽南地块和朝鲜的狼林地块之间、总体走向近东西、向北突出的弧形构造带。
     裂谷带内发育一套古元古代变质岩系:在吉林省部分为集安群(自下而上为蚂蚁河组、荒岔沟组和大东岔组)和老岭群(自下而上为新农村组、板房沟组、珍珠门组、花山组和临江组),在辽宁省部分为辽河群(自下而上为浪子山组、里尔峪组、高家峪组、大石桥组和盖县组)。同时,裂谷带内还发育一套裂陷期、造山期及后造山期的古元古代花岗岩。
     对裂谷带集安群、老岭群和辽河群各组岩石进行原岩恢复。结果表明:集安群的蚂蚁河组、荒岔沟组和辽河群的里尔峪组主要为变质火山岩夹少量变质沉积岩,其余各组为变质沉积岩。变质火山岩具有双峰式火山岩的岩石组合特点:基性端元岩石类型为碱性系列玄武岩和拉斑玄武岩;酸性端元为碱性和钙碱性系列流纹岩。
     运用激光剥蚀等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)和离子探针(SHRIMP)方法对辽吉古元古裂谷带结晶基底、变质火山岩、变质沉积岩、花岗质岩石和不整合于古元古代地层之上的榆树砬子组进行全面、系统的年代学分析。
     裂谷带内集安群蚂蚁河组、荒岔沟组和辽河群的里尔峪组变质火山岩共分析了五件年龄样品,得出四组年龄值:第一组(2733±50) Ma和第二组(2457~2494)Ma为捕获的岩浆成因锆石,代表裂谷带基底的两期岩浆事件年龄;第三组(2165~2179) Ma亦为岩浆成因锆石,代表裂陷期火山岩的原岩年龄;第四组(1875~1879) Ma为变质成因锆石,代表区域变质作用年龄。
     裂谷带变质沉积岩共分析了七件样品,得出四组年龄值:第一组和第二组为岩浆成因的碎屑锆石,年龄为2650Ma±和(2456~2520) Ma,代表裂谷带基底的两期岩浆事件年龄;第三组为岩浆成因的碎屑锆石,年龄为(2150~2189) Ma,是裂谷带裂陷期岩浆事件的年龄;第四组(1860~1883) Ma为变质锆石,代表区域变质作用的时限。另外变质沉积岩中还含有3000Ma±和3283Ma±的碎屑锆石,来源于太古宙基底。
     辽吉古元古裂谷带岩浆岩包括基性岩墙群和花岗质岩石。基性岩墙给出(1874±31) Ma的变质年龄和(2163±22) Ma的岩浆年龄,分别代表变质作用峰期年龄和裂陷期岩浆事件年龄;裂谷带基底花岗岩(连山关花岗岩)的年龄为(2533±22)Ma;裂解期花岗岩(钱桌沟岩体和虎皮峪岩体)为A型花岗岩,年龄为(2168~2173)Ma,与裂陷期火山岩年龄一致;裂谷带闭合期花岗岩(双岔岩体和后松树沟岩体)为同碰撞花岗岩,年龄为(1865~1877) Ma,与裂谷带区域变质作用年龄相吻合。
     不整合于辽河群之上的榆树砬子组最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄为(1728±66) Ma,表明造山作用结束于(1728±66) Ma之前。同时榆树砬子组给出了(2480±22) Ma的岩浆成因碎屑锆石年龄,(2179±27) Ma的岩浆成因碎屑锆石年龄,(1877±26)Ma的岩浆成因和变质成因的碎屑锆石年龄,分别与前述基底最新岩浆事件年龄、裂陷期火山岩和花岗岩年龄以及峰期变质、裂谷带闭合期花岗岩年龄一致。
     总之,辽吉古元古裂谷带结晶基底形成于(2456~2533) Ma之前;裂陷期为(2150~2189) Ma;裂谷带火山—沉积作用发生于(2189~1883)Ma之间;裂谷带闭合作用发生于(1860~1883) Ma;裂谷带闭合作用结束于(1728±66) Ma之前。后者为榆树砬子组中最新碎屑锆石年龄。
Liao-Ji Proterozoic rift zone distributes in the area of the east of Liaoningprovince and the south of Jilin province,which is located in the east of Tan-Lufault.It’s a northward prominent arc structural belt which is nearly east-west andsandwich between the northern Longgang Archaeozoic massifs、southern LiaoNanblock and Langlin block of North Korea.
     The rift zone developed a set of Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks:In the partof Jilin province of the rift zone, there is Ji’an group(Mayihe Formation,Huangchagou Formation and Dadongcha Formation from bottom tu up) and LaolingGroup(Xinnongcun Formation,Banfanggou Formation,Zhenzhumen Formation,Huashan Formation and Linjiang Formation from bottom tu up);In the part of Jilinprovince of the rift zone,there is Liaohe group(Langzishan Formation,LieryuFormation,Gaojiayu Formation,Dashiqiao Formation and Gaixian Formation frombottom to up).At the same time,there is also existing a set of rifting period,orogenicperiod and post-orogenic period Paleoproterozoic granite on the rift zone.
     The protolith of each formation of Ji’an group,Laoling group and Liaohe groupof Liao-Ji rift zone have been restorated.The results of protolith restores indicate thatMayihe Formation、Huangchagou Formation of Ji’an group and Lieryu Formation ofLiaohe group were mainly consist of meta-volcanic rocks and a small amount ofmeta-sedimentary rocks;the other formations of rift zone are meta-sedimentaryrocks.The meta-volcanic rocks have the characteristics of bimodal volcanics:thebasic components are alkaline series basalts and tholeiite basalts;acidic componentsare alkaline and calc-alkaline rhyolite.
     Through the technology of LA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP, Researching thegeochronology of the rift zone basement、meta-volcanics、meta-sedimentary、graniteof the Liao-Ji Proterozoic rift zone and Yushulazi Formation which is overlapped theProterozoic strata.
     Five meta-volcanic rocks samples of rift zone have been analysised and showfour age groups:the first group(2733±50) Ma) and second group((2457~2494) Ma)are representative of the magmatic zircons ages,representing the two periods ofmagmatic event age of the rift zone basement;the third group((2165~2179) Ma) isalso magmatic zircons,representing the protolith age of volcanic rocks of riftingperiod;the fourth group((1875~1879) Ma) is metamorphic zircon,representing theage of regional metamorphism.
     Seven meta-sedementary rocks age samples of rift zone are analysised anddisplayed four group of age values.The first(2650Ma±) and second group((2456~2520) Ma) are magmatic detrital zircons,representing the two periods of magmaticevent age of the rift zone basement;the third group((2165~2179) Ma) is alsomagmatic detrital zircons,representing the age of magmatic event of rifting periods ofthe rift zone;the forth group((1860~1883) Ma) is metamorphic zircon,representingthe age of regional metamorphism. In addition, detrital zircons from themetasediments also contains the age of3000Ma±and3283Ma±,which areinherited from the Archean basement.
     Magmatic rocks of the Liao-Ji Proterozoic rift zone include mafic dyke swarmsand granitiods.(1874±31) Ma metamorphism age and (2163±22) Ma magmatic ageare gived by mafic dykes,representing regional metamorphism age and magmaticevent age of rifting periods respectively.The age of the rift zone basement granite(Lianshanguan granite) is (2533±22) Ma;the rifting periods granite(Qianzhuogoupluton and Hupiyu pluton) are A-type granite,which age is (2168~2173) Ma andconsistent with the age of rifting periods of volcanic rocks; Orogenic periodgranite(Shuangcha pluton and Housongshugou pluton) are syn-collisional granites,which age is (1865~1877) Ma and consistent with the regional metamorphism age ofrift zone.
     The youngest detrital zircon ages of Yushulazi formation which unconformity onthe top of Liaohe group was (1728±66) Ma,indicating the end of orogeny before the(1728±66) Ma.At the same time,Yushulazi formation contain the magmatic detritalzircon age of (2480±22) Ma、the magmatic detrital zircon age of (2179±27) Ma、magmatic and metamorphic detaital zircon age of (1877±26) Ma,which consistentwith the latest magmatic event age of basement、volcanic rock and granite ages ofrifting period、metamorphism and synorogenic granite age respectively.
     In shortly,Liao-Ji Proterozoic rift zone basement formed before (2456~2533)Ma;rifting periods was (2150~2189) Ma;volcanic-sedimentation was between2189 Ma and1883Ma;The closure effect of the rift zone occurred in (1860~1883) Maand ended before (1728±66) Ma.The latter age is youngest detrital zircon age ofYushulazi Formation.
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