村镇建筑风压分布数值模拟及抗风设计研究
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摘要
村镇房屋的抗风防灾问题是我国沿海地区和部分山区当前面临的一个迫切需要研究解决的问题。河北省拥有较多山系,临靠渤海,近年来大风灾害时有发生,人员、经济损失惨重,所以这个问题也显得非常紧迫,亟待解决。本文通过对河北省部分地区低矮房屋建筑形式的调查,对大风灾害中建筑房屋倒塌损坏情况的历史资料进行收集整理;然后结合实际情况构建房屋的仿真模型,利用计算机通过数值风洞技术进行模拟计算,并对计算结果进行系统而深入的分析研究;同时深刻研究总结低矮房屋表面风压的分布规律,并进一步揭示风致破坏机理,较好地提出了村镇房屋抗风设计的主要防护措施,对指导村镇房屋实际建设工作具有一定的借鉴意义。
本文根据数值风洞技术的模拟原理,采用计算机数值模拟方法,对低矮房屋表面三维流动的风压分布特性进行仿真模拟。主要包括构建低矮房屋风压分析基本方程,建立模拟仿真模型,根据实际情况设置相应的研究参数,随后进行分析计算,并对运算结果进行整理分析、归纳研究。
在此基础上,结合国内外低矮房屋抗风研究现状,分析影响低矮房屋抗风性能的主要因素,总结适用于我国目前实际情况的低矮房屋抗风设计方法,提出切实可以提高我国低矮房屋抗风性能的设计措施,最后简要阐述今后研究低矮房屋抗风性能发展方向的一些设想。
It is a very urgent problem to research the wind-resistant and wind disaster prevention of low-rise buildings in our coastal areas and the partial mountainous areas. Hebei province have many mountains and impended by Bohai Sea, gale wind disaster often happened in recent years and caused heavy people and economic losses, so this problem demanding prompt solution. The article does an investigation on architectural form in low-rise rural buildings, collects and consolidates the historical data of collapsed and damaged buildings in the wind disaster. Based on these data, the article constructed simulation model of building, using Numerical Wind Tunnel to go on a simulation and analysis. Numerical Wind Tunnel technology on computational fluid dynamics is an effective analysis method for the wind field. Wind pressure distribution of the action of wind load was simulated based on the standard k-εclosure turbulence model, at the same time the shape coefficients of net wind pressure were obtained. Calculation results indicate mechanism of wind-induced damages. And the result is a direct reference and guiding function to the wind-resistant conception design and the practical constructing operation.
According to the numerical simulation of wind tunnel technology principles, and adopting computer simulation method, the article carried the three-dimensional flow simulation of the wind pressure distribution properties on the low-rise housing surface. Then establishing the basic equation of wind pressure analysis and simulation model, setting up the corresponding parameters in accordance with the actual situation, the article followed a series of analysis and calculation, at last making the summarized research of induction.
Based on the analysis and calculation, combining with research situation of wind-resistant design at home and abroad, the article analyzed the main influential factors for wind-resistant behavior on the low-rise housing, summarized and proposed the design method and performance measure which can be suitable to current situation in china's rural areas. Finally, briefly discussing the development direction for the wind-resistant behavior study in the future, the article proposes some of assumption for the wind-resistant design in the future.
本文根据数值风洞技术的模拟原理,采用计算机数值模拟方法,对低矮房屋表面三维流动的风压分布特性进行仿真模拟。主要包括构建低矮房屋风压分析基本方程,建立模拟仿真模型,根据实际情况设置相应的研究参数,随后进行分析计算,并对运算结果进行整理分析、归纳研究。
在此基础上,结合国内外低矮房屋抗风研究现状,分析影响低矮房屋抗风性能的主要因素,总结适用于我国目前实际情况的低矮房屋抗风设计方法,提出切实可以提高我国低矮房屋抗风性能的设计措施,最后简要阐述今后研究低矮房屋抗风性能发展方向的一些设想。
It is a very urgent problem to research the wind-resistant and wind disaster prevention of low-rise buildings in our coastal areas and the partial mountainous areas. Hebei province have many mountains and impended by Bohai Sea, gale wind disaster often happened in recent years and caused heavy people and economic losses, so this problem demanding prompt solution. The article does an investigation on architectural form in low-rise rural buildings, collects and consolidates the historical data of collapsed and damaged buildings in the wind disaster. Based on these data, the article constructed simulation model of building, using Numerical Wind Tunnel to go on a simulation and analysis. Numerical Wind Tunnel technology on computational fluid dynamics is an effective analysis method for the wind field. Wind pressure distribution of the action of wind load was simulated based on the standard k-εclosure turbulence model, at the same time the shape coefficients of net wind pressure were obtained. Calculation results indicate mechanism of wind-induced damages. And the result is a direct reference and guiding function to the wind-resistant conception design and the practical constructing operation.
According to the numerical simulation of wind tunnel technology principles, and adopting computer simulation method, the article carried the three-dimensional flow simulation of the wind pressure distribution properties on the low-rise housing surface. Then establishing the basic equation of wind pressure analysis and simulation model, setting up the corresponding parameters in accordance with the actual situation, the article followed a series of analysis and calculation, at last making the summarized research of induction.
Based on the analysis and calculation, combining with research situation of wind-resistant design at home and abroad, the article analyzed the main influential factors for wind-resistant behavior on the low-rise housing, summarized and proposed the design method and performance measure which can be suitable to current situation in china's rural areas. Finally, briefly discussing the development direction for the wind-resistant behavior study in the future, the article proposes some of assumption for the wind-resistant design in the future.
引文
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