李嘴孜矿急倾斜煤层自然发火防治技术研究
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摘要
李嘴孜煤矿开采的C13煤层具有自然发火倾向,发火期为1～3个月。煤尘具有爆炸危险性,爆炸指数39.93%,在井田内为突出煤层。由于该3232(3)工作面开采煤层较厚、倾角大、瓦斯含量高、属于三软突出煤层,这使得煤层自燃危险性增强。
本文首先采用XK-III型煤自然发火实验台模拟煤自燃过程,对自燃过程的特性参数进行实验测定,定量的测算出耗氧速度、放热强度、发火期等表述煤自燃程度的重要特性参数;依据煤自燃危险区域判定理论,把它和自然发火预测方法相结合应用于综采面和采空区。通过现场观测和理论推算,绘制采空区氧浓度、浮煤厚度、漏风强度分布图,计算出的极限参数划分出采空区的自燃危险区域并计算出极限推进速度。最后根据危险区域判定结果和预测结果,提出综采防灭火技术方案和措施,指导现场防灭火,应用西安科技大学森兰公司研发的胶体灭火技术对高温点进行处理。
The C13 coal of LiZuiZi mining with spontaneous combustion tendency, combustion period of 1 to 3 months. Coal dust explosion hazards with the explosion index of 39.93%, within the well field outburst. Since the 3232 (3) Face coal seam is thick, dip a large, gas content, it makes the increased risk of spontaneous combustion of coal.
First, the numerical simulation and characteristic parameters combustion experiment over of coal by the XK-III experiment station, such as oxygen consumption, heat conduction coefficient and coal spontaneous combustion period, is included in this paper.According to determination theory of coal spontaneous combustion prediction is applied to fully mechanized caving working face and gob. Second the distribution chart of gob oxygen concentration, coal ply and air leak intensity is marked off. And according to limit parameter, the paper marked off also coal spontaneous combustion zone of gob and calculated limit advancing speed, the prediction result and infact result of gob coal spontaneous combustion is validate by theory prediction local practice. Finally according to determination and prediction of coal spontaneous combustion, zone, the paper introduces fire fighting technique of full mechanized top coal caving mining and applies colloid fire fighting technique to dispose hight temperature spot.
本文首先采用XK-III型煤自然发火实验台模拟煤自燃过程,对自燃过程的特性参数进行实验测定,定量的测算出耗氧速度、放热强度、发火期等表述煤自燃程度的重要特性参数;依据煤自燃危险区域判定理论,把它和自然发火预测方法相结合应用于综采面和采空区。通过现场观测和理论推算,绘制采空区氧浓度、浮煤厚度、漏风强度分布图,计算出的极限参数划分出采空区的自燃危险区域并计算出极限推进速度。最后根据危险区域判定结果和预测结果,提出综采防灭火技术方案和措施,指导现场防灭火,应用西安科技大学森兰公司研发的胶体灭火技术对高温点进行处理。
The C13 coal of LiZuiZi mining with spontaneous combustion tendency, combustion period of 1 to 3 months. Coal dust explosion hazards with the explosion index of 39.93%, within the well field outburst. Since the 3232 (3) Face coal seam is thick, dip a large, gas content, it makes the increased risk of spontaneous combustion of coal.
First, the numerical simulation and characteristic parameters combustion experiment over of coal by the XK-III experiment station, such as oxygen consumption, heat conduction coefficient and coal spontaneous combustion period, is included in this paper.According to determination theory of coal spontaneous combustion prediction is applied to fully mechanized caving working face and gob. Second the distribution chart of gob oxygen concentration, coal ply and air leak intensity is marked off. And according to limit parameter, the paper marked off also coal spontaneous combustion zone of gob and calculated limit advancing speed, the prediction result and infact result of gob coal spontaneous combustion is validate by theory prediction local practice. Finally according to determination and prediction of coal spontaneous combustion, zone, the paper introduces fire fighting technique of full mechanized top coal caving mining and applies colloid fire fighting technique to dispose hight temperature spot.
引文
[1]中国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴.中国统计出版社,2005[M]
[2]谢和平.可持续发展与煤炭工业报告文集[M].煤炭工业出版社,1998
[3]刘连翠.煤田火灾的危害及治理建议.中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):83～86
[4]王省身等.矿井火灾防治.中国矿业大学出版社,1990
[5]李增华.煤炭自燃的自由基反应机理.中国矿业大学学报,1996,25(3):111～114
[6] Lopez,D. etc.rffect of low-temperature oxidation of coal on thdrogen transfer capability.Fuel,1998,77(14):1623～1628
[7] Wang,H etc.Theoretical analysis of reaction regimes in low-temperature oxidation of coal.Fuel,1999,78(9):1073～1081
[8]朱红等.不同煤阶煤表面改性的FTIR谱研究[J].中国矿业人学学报,2001,30(4):366～370
[9]石必明.易自燃煤低温氧化和阻化的微观结构分析[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(3):294～298
[10]张瑞新等.煤堆自然发火的实验研究.煤炭学报,2001,26(4):168～171
[11]张瑞新等.露天煤体自然发火的试验研究.中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(4):235～238
[12]徐精彩.煤炭低温自燃过程的研究.煤炭工程,1989,18(5):7～13
[13] Schmal Dick etc.Model for the spontaneous heating of coal.Fuel,1985,64(7):963-972
[14] Brooks Kevin,Svanas Nicoloas,Glasser David.Critical temperatures of some Turkish coals due to spontaneous combustion.Journal of Mines,Metals & Fuels, 1988,36(9):434～436
[15] Sasaki Kyuro, Miyakoshi Hiroshi, Otsuka Kazuo.Spontaneous combustion of coal in the low temperature range-application of exposure equivalent-time to numerical analysis .Journal of the mining and metallurgical institute of Japan, 1987,103(11):771～775
[16] Zhu Mingshan, Xu yingqin, Wu jiang.Computer simulation of spontaneous in goaf.Proceedings of the US Mine Ventilation Symposium.Publ by SME,Litteton,CO,USA,1991:83～93
[17] Nordon P.Spontaneous combustion interactive heat and mass transfer driven by a chemical reaction.Third Australasian Conference on Heat & Mass Transfer, 1985:363～370
[18]卞晓锴等.采空区温度场模拟及煤自燃状态预测.南京化工大学学报,2000,22(2):43～47
[19]冯小平.采空区高温点位置确定的计算机模拟分析.淮南矿业学院学报,1995,15(1):36～41
[20]张瑞林等.综放采空区自燃带的三维数值模拟研究.煤矿安全,2000(10):33～35
[21]文虎.煤自燃过程的实验和数值模拟研究:[学位论文].西安:西安科技大学,2003
[22]吴晓光.煤自然发火实验台温度场数值模拟研究:[学位论文].西安:西安科技大学,2005
[23] F.Akgun,R.H.Essenhigh.Self-ignition characteristic of coal stockpiles: theoretical prediction from a two-dimensional unsteady-state model. .Fuel,2001,80(7):409～415
[24]谢之康等.露天煤矿煤炭自燃进程的数学模型.中国矿业大学学报,1996,25(3):7～10
[25]陈亚平等.储煤场煤垛温度预报仿真模型与计算.东南大学学报,1997,27(2):107～112
[26] Carslaw H W,Jaeger JC.Conduction of heat in solids.2ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959
[27] Van Genderen JL.Annual Technical Progress Report for Project: environmental monitoring of spontaneous combustion in the north China coalfields.International Institute foe Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), The Netherlands,1996
[28] Jiejie Huang,J. Bruining,K.-H.A.A. Wolf.Modelling of gas and temperature fields in underground coal fires.Fire safety Journal,2001(7),477～489
[29]董希琳等.湿煤堆非稳态温度场计算.煤炭转化,2000,23(3):67～71
[30]卢山等.煤堆自燃的理论与计算.工业锅炉,2004,20(4):26～28
[31]贾宝山.煤矸石山自然发火数学模型及防治技术研究:[学位论文].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2001
[32]刘二永等.矸石山自燃的温度场模型.矿业安全与环保,2007,34(4):9～12
[33]王显军.急倾斜煤层回采时防灭火研究及应用[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(9):65～66
[34]马文群.急倾斜放顶煤工作面两道自然发火原因及防治对策[J].甘肃科技, 2005,21(2):130～132
[35]杨世杰等.易燃煤层自燃火灾原因及综合防治技术[J] .煤炭科学技术,1995,21(6):35～37
[36]徐精彩.煤自燃危险区域判定理论[M].煤炭工业出版社,2001
[37]邓军等.煤自然发火预测理论及技术[M].陕西科学技术出版社,2001
[38]邓军等.煤自燃性参数的测试与应用[J].燃料化学学报,2001,6(12):553~555
[39]邓军等.国内外煤炭自然发火预测预报技术综述[J].西安科技学院学报,1999,19(4):293~297
[40]邓军等.圆柱形煤自然发火实验台的数值模拟研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2002,21(4):129~132
[41] DENG Jun,ZHANG Guang-qian , CHEN Xiao-kun . Study of the spontaneous combustionmechanism in coalfield[J] . Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China),2004,12(2):47~49
[42]徐精彩等.应用自然发火实验研究煤的自燃倾向性指标[J].西安矿业学院学报,1997,17(2):103~107.
[43]邓军等.汝箕沟2#煤层露头自燃特性研究[J].西安科技学院学报,1999,19(1):1~4
[44]邓军等.煤最短自然发火期实验及数值分析[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(3):274~278
[45]张辛亥等.煤的耗氧速度及其影响因素恒温实验研究[J].西安科技学院学报,2002,22(3):243~246
[46]文虎等.煤自燃性测试技术及数值分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2001,23(6):499~501.
[47]任克斌.用SF6示踪技术测定生产工作面采空区漏风[J].2000(7):6~7
[48] Xu Jingcai,Deng Jun,Wen Hu.Investigation into the surface active groups of coal.Journal of coal science & Engineering,2001,7(1):88～96
[49]文虎等.煤自燃氧化放热效应的影响因素分析.煤炭转化,2001,24(4):59～63
[50]徐精彩等.煤层自燃胶体防灭火理论与技术.北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003
[51]徐精彩等.胶体防灭火技术在阳泉二矿的应用.矿业安全与环保,1999,26(2):43～44
[52]徐精彩等.粉煤灰胶体在高瓦斯易燃煤层防灭火中的应用.煤炭安全,1999,30(6):12～14
[2]谢和平.可持续发展与煤炭工业报告文集[M].煤炭工业出版社,1998
[3]刘连翠.煤田火灾的危害及治理建议.中国煤田地质,2002,14(2):83～86
[4]王省身等.矿井火灾防治.中国矿业大学出版社,1990
[5]李增华.煤炭自燃的自由基反应机理.中国矿业大学学报,1996,25(3):111～114
[6] Lopez,D. etc.rffect of low-temperature oxidation of coal on thdrogen transfer capability.Fuel,1998,77(14):1623～1628
[7] Wang,H etc.Theoretical analysis of reaction regimes in low-temperature oxidation of coal.Fuel,1999,78(9):1073～1081
[8]朱红等.不同煤阶煤表面改性的FTIR谱研究[J].中国矿业人学学报,2001,30(4):366～370
[9]石必明.易自燃煤低温氧化和阻化的微观结构分析[J].煤炭学报,2000,25(3):294～298
[10]张瑞新等.煤堆自然发火的实验研究.煤炭学报,2001,26(4):168～171
[11]张瑞新等.露天煤体自然发火的试验研究.中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(4):235～238
[12]徐精彩.煤炭低温自燃过程的研究.煤炭工程,1989,18(5):7～13
[13] Schmal Dick etc.Model for the spontaneous heating of coal.Fuel,1985,64(7):963-972
[14] Brooks Kevin,Svanas Nicoloas,Glasser David.Critical temperatures of some Turkish coals due to spontaneous combustion.Journal of Mines,Metals & Fuels, 1988,36(9):434～436
[15] Sasaki Kyuro, Miyakoshi Hiroshi, Otsuka Kazuo.Spontaneous combustion of coal in the low temperature range-application of exposure equivalent-time to numerical analysis .Journal of the mining and metallurgical institute of Japan, 1987,103(11):771～775
[16] Zhu Mingshan, Xu yingqin, Wu jiang.Computer simulation of spontaneous in goaf.Proceedings of the US Mine Ventilation Symposium.Publ by SME,Litteton,CO,USA,1991:83～93
[17] Nordon P.Spontaneous combustion interactive heat and mass transfer driven by a chemical reaction.Third Australasian Conference on Heat & Mass Transfer, 1985:363～370
[18]卞晓锴等.采空区温度场模拟及煤自燃状态预测.南京化工大学学报,2000,22(2):43～47
[19]冯小平.采空区高温点位置确定的计算机模拟分析.淮南矿业学院学报,1995,15(1):36～41
[20]张瑞林等.综放采空区自燃带的三维数值模拟研究.煤矿安全,2000(10):33～35
[21]文虎.煤自燃过程的实验和数值模拟研究:[学位论文].西安:西安科技大学,2003
[22]吴晓光.煤自然发火实验台温度场数值模拟研究:[学位论文].西安:西安科技大学,2005
[23] F.Akgun,R.H.Essenhigh.Self-ignition characteristic of coal stockpiles: theoretical prediction from a two-dimensional unsteady-state model. .Fuel,2001,80(7):409～415
[24]谢之康等.露天煤矿煤炭自燃进程的数学模型.中国矿业大学学报,1996,25(3):7～10
[25]陈亚平等.储煤场煤垛温度预报仿真模型与计算.东南大学学报,1997,27(2):107～112
[26] Carslaw H W,Jaeger JC.Conduction of heat in solids.2ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1959
[27] Van Genderen JL.Annual Technical Progress Report for Project: environmental monitoring of spontaneous combustion in the north China coalfields.International Institute foe Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC), The Netherlands,1996
[28] Jiejie Huang,J. Bruining,K.-H.A.A. Wolf.Modelling of gas and temperature fields in underground coal fires.Fire safety Journal,2001(7),477～489
[29]董希琳等.湿煤堆非稳态温度场计算.煤炭转化,2000,23(3):67～71
[30]卢山等.煤堆自燃的理论与计算.工业锅炉,2004,20(4):26～28
[31]贾宝山.煤矸石山自然发火数学模型及防治技术研究:[学位论文].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2001
[32]刘二永等.矸石山自燃的温度场模型.矿业安全与环保,2007,34(4):9～12
[33]王显军.急倾斜煤层回采时防灭火研究及应用[J].煤炭技术,2004,23(9):65～66
[34]马文群.急倾斜放顶煤工作面两道自然发火原因及防治对策[J].甘肃科技, 2005,21(2):130～132
[35]杨世杰等.易燃煤层自燃火灾原因及综合防治技术[J] .煤炭科学技术,1995,21(6):35～37
[36]徐精彩.煤自燃危险区域判定理论[M].煤炭工业出版社,2001
[37]邓军等.煤自然发火预测理论及技术[M].陕西科学技术出版社,2001
[38]邓军等.煤自燃性参数的测试与应用[J].燃料化学学报,2001,6(12):553~555
[39]邓军等.国内外煤炭自然发火预测预报技术综述[J].西安科技学院学报,1999,19(4):293~297
[40]邓军等.圆柱形煤自然发火实验台的数值模拟研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2002,21(4):129~132
[41] DENG Jun,ZHANG Guang-qian , CHEN Xiao-kun . Study of the spontaneous combustionmechanism in coalfield[J] . Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China),2004,12(2):47~49
[42]徐精彩等.应用自然发火实验研究煤的自燃倾向性指标[J].西安矿业学院学报,1997,17(2):103~107.
[43]邓军等.汝箕沟2#煤层露头自燃特性研究[J].西安科技学院学报,1999,19(1):1~4
[44]邓军等.煤最短自然发火期实验及数值分析[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(3):274~278
[45]张辛亥等.煤的耗氧速度及其影响因素恒温实验研究[J].西安科技学院学报,2002,22(3):243~246
[46]文虎等.煤自燃性测试技术及数值分析[J].北京科技大学学报,2001,23(6):499~501.
[47]任克斌.用SF6示踪技术测定生产工作面采空区漏风[J].2000(7):6~7
[48] Xu Jingcai,Deng Jun,Wen Hu.Investigation into the surface active groups of coal.Journal of coal science & Engineering,2001,7(1):88～96
[49]文虎等.煤自燃氧化放热效应的影响因素分析.煤炭转化,2001,24(4):59～63
[50]徐精彩等.煤层自燃胶体防灭火理论与技术.北京:煤炭工业出版社,2003
[51]徐精彩等.胶体防灭火技术在阳泉二矿的应用.矿业安全与环保,1999,26(2):43～44
[52]徐精彩等.粉煤灰胶体在高瓦斯易燃煤层防灭火中的应用.煤炭安全,1999,30(6):12～14