立木整枝机遥控系统印制倒F天线的研究
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摘要
天线是遥控自动立木整枝机无线遥控系统中的一个重要组件,直接影响遥控系统的可靠性。本文针对遥控自动立木整枝机的技术要求,研制了基于2.4GHz射频信号的印制倒F天线。
本文从立木整枝机工作环境出发,分析了天线的极化、辐射及阻抗匹配特性的特殊要求,在充分分析各种性能的天线的基础上,根据天线原理、设计理论等确定出用印制倒F天线作为立木整枝机的天线。本文根据理论计算出天线的基本尺寸并阐述了运用HFSS仿真印制倒F天线(PIFA)的详细流程,通过对比印制倒F天线和单极天线的仿真结果,证明印制倒F天线的优越性,并用optimetrics对指标进行优化,取得了满意的仿真结果。再用安捷伦网络分析仪和ETS 3D chamber测试出天线S参数、增益和效率、立体方向图。该天线的仿真和实测结果表明,在2.4 GHz频率附近,电压驻波比在VSWR≤2时,频带宽度460MHz,能完全覆盖2.400GHz-2.484GHz的工作频率范围,相对带宽19%,天线增益3dBi,辐射效率90%。实测得到了与仿真结果比较吻合的数据,获得很好的带宽和增益,实际应用结果表明研制的该印制倒F天线可满足立木整枝机在森林环境中信号传输的要求。
Antenna is an important component of remote automatic pruning machine wireless remote control system, which directly affecting the reliability of remote control system. This automatic pruning machine for remote technical requirements, developed based on the 2.4GHz radio frequency signals produced inverted F antenna.
This article analyses from the pruning machine work environment, the antenna polarization, radiation and impedance matching characteristics of special requirements, the performance in full of all kinds of antennae based on the antenna theory and design theory to determine the use of printed inverted F antenna as pruning machine. This theory according to the theory figure out the basic size of antenna, representing the detail of using HFSS to simulate. By contrast the simulated result of Printed Inverted-F Antenna and monopole Antenna, proved that Printed Inverted-F Antenna is better than monopole Antenna. By improving the design has achieved a satisfactory solution. The experimental results show that around 2.4 GHz when VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) is below 2.0 the band width is about 420 MHz, which is enough for the 2.400-2.485GHz working band, the relative bandwidth is 19%, antenna gain is 3dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 90%.Measured are in good agreement with the simulation results data, bandwidth and gain access to a good result shows HFSS software reliability and efficiency, the antenna can meet in the forest environment, the signal transmission requirements.
本文从立木整枝机工作环境出发,分析了天线的极化、辐射及阻抗匹配特性的特殊要求,在充分分析各种性能的天线的基础上,根据天线原理、设计理论等确定出用印制倒F天线作为立木整枝机的天线。本文根据理论计算出天线的基本尺寸并阐述了运用HFSS仿真印制倒F天线(PIFA)的详细流程,通过对比印制倒F天线和单极天线的仿真结果,证明印制倒F天线的优越性,并用optimetrics对指标进行优化,取得了满意的仿真结果。再用安捷伦网络分析仪和ETS 3D chamber测试出天线S参数、增益和效率、立体方向图。该天线的仿真和实测结果表明,在2.4 GHz频率附近,电压驻波比在VSWR≤2时,频带宽度460MHz,能完全覆盖2.400GHz-2.484GHz的工作频率范围,相对带宽19%,天线增益3dBi,辐射效率90%。实测得到了与仿真结果比较吻合的数据,获得很好的带宽和增益,实际应用结果表明研制的该印制倒F天线可满足立木整枝机在森林环境中信号传输的要求。
Antenna is an important component of remote automatic pruning machine wireless remote control system, which directly affecting the reliability of remote control system. This automatic pruning machine for remote technical requirements, developed based on the 2.4GHz radio frequency signals produced inverted F antenna.
This article analyses from the pruning machine work environment, the antenna polarization, radiation and impedance matching characteristics of special requirements, the performance in full of all kinds of antennae based on the antenna theory and design theory to determine the use of printed inverted F antenna as pruning machine. This theory according to the theory figure out the basic size of antenna, representing the detail of using HFSS to simulate. By contrast the simulated result of Printed Inverted-F Antenna and monopole Antenna, proved that Printed Inverted-F Antenna is better than monopole Antenna. By improving the design has achieved a satisfactory solution. The experimental results show that around 2.4 GHz when VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) is below 2.0 the band width is about 420 MHz, which is enough for the 2.400-2.485GHz working band, the relative bandwidth is 19%, antenna gain is 3dBi, and the radiation efficiency is 90%.Measured are in good agreement with the simulation results data, bandwidth and gain access to a good result shows HFSS software reliability and efficiency, the antenna can meet in the forest environment, the signal transmission requirements.
引文
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2.武丽杰,全身振动对肌体健康的不良影响[D],东北林业大学,1999,No.4：10～18
3.张俊梅,李文彬等,人工工业用材林整枝机器人无线电遥控系统的研制[J],林业机械与木工设备,2002,Vo1.30,No.12：26～27.
4.姚立红等,遥控自动整枝机机械运动分析[J],林业机械与木工设备,2004,Vol.32,No.4：13～16.
5.丁荣林,李媛,微波技术与天线[M],北京：机械工业出版社,2007,6：183～184.
6.王增和,电磁场与电磁波[M],北京：电子工业出版社,2001,1：251～260.
7.傅文斌,微波技术与天线[M],北京,机械工业出版社,2007,6：173～182.
8.高泽溪等,无线电技术导论[M],北京：北京航空航天大学出版社,2004,3：52-65
9.马永强,李静强等,基于ZigBee技术的射频芯片CC2430[J],单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2006,3：45～47.
10.周伟华,印制偶极子天线单元的仿真设计[～1].现代电子,2000(3)：52～56
11.钟顺时,微带天线原理与应用[M],西安： 西安电子科技大学出版社,1991,6：19～21
12.李剑锋,小型宽带鞭状天线设计综述,杭州电子工业学院学报[J]；2；00,12(6)：47～49.
13.付冠明等,高增益通信全向天线的设计[D],电子工业部第五十四研究所,1997,3：25～40
14.张莲,廖斌.小型化微带天线的宽频带和多频段研究[D].上海.华东师范大学.2005.6～10,14～18,20～28,34～34.
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19.吕善伟,杨学斌,贾晓笑,周建军.一种宽频带振子天线,北京航空航天大学学报[J],2000,26(1)：8-11.
20.郭育梅尹应增郭景丽.宽频带片状对称振子天线.微波学报[J],2005,21(4)：88～90.
21.谢处方,天线原理与设计[M],西北电讯工程学院出版社,1987：78～82
22.卢剑锋,何绍林,超短波宽带微带天线的应用研究,现代电子技术[J]；2；09,298(11)：101～103.
23.姜铁华,苏东林,丁轲佳,王国玉,含有寄生单元的倒F天线分析与设计,微波学报[J],2008,01.
24.刘永安,周伦,胡小峰,蓝牙倒F型天线的设计与测量,电子元器件应用[J]；2；09,290(12)：103～105.
25.陈曦,李晓波,倪淑燕.《无人机机载通信倒F天线的设计与特性分析》[J].装备指挥技术学院学报,2007,18(4)：84～88.
26.刘彤,樊宏,沈连丰.《无线家庭网络印制倒F型天线的分析与设计》[J].东南大学学报,2006,36(2)：183～188.
27.张晓菊.手机天线的小型化与多频段[D].大连.大连海事大学.2007.3：1-2.
28.李宏儒,孙晓玮.内置式双频手机贴片天线及双频光子带隙结构的研制[D].上海.中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所.2003.1-2.
29.陈蕾,张艳玲,魏峰,一种适用于蓝牙的折叠PIFA天线的设计和分析[J].无线通 信.2008.9.31(9)：16～18
30.刘彤,沈连丰,傅永生.适用于WPAN脚LAN的一种新型双频IFA印制天线[J].微波学报.2004.20(2).82～86.
31.季中恒,赖怡川一种实用化紧凑型PIFA天线设计[J].无线电通信技术.2006.32(6).33～34.
32.朱晓维,何晓晓,刘进.用于3G系统移动终端的平面倒F天线[J].移动通信.2002.12.66～68.
33.李宏,尹静,张安荣,王均宏一种可用于WCDMA移动终端的小型宽带天线[J].移动通信.2007.7.77～79.
34.许伟,薄型双频PIFA天线研究与设计[D],山东,山东大学,2009.5.20：26～28
35.I.J.鲍尔,P.布哈蒂亚著,梁联悼,寇廷耀译.微带天线第一版[M].电子工业出版社,1984：5-10页,16～22页.
36.柴杰,小型化平面倒F天线的研究[D],北京,北京交通大学,2009.6：16～19
37.刘媛媛,高锦春,刘元安.一种小型化1SM双频段微带天线的设计[C].全国电磁兼容学术会议论文集.2006：28～32
38. Byung Chan Kim.,JE HoonYun. Small wideband PIFA for mobile phone at 1800MHz.59th IEEEVehieularTeehnologyConferenee.2004.5(l).27-29.
39. F.Wang,Z,Du,Q.Wang..Enhaneed-bandwidth PIFA with T-shaped ground Plane.Electronies Letter.Nov2004.40(23).1504～1505.
40.PasealCiais,RobertStaraj,GeorgesKossiavas,andCyrilLuxey.DesignofanInternal Quad-Band Antena for Mobile Phones..IEEE Microwave and Wlreless Components Propagation Letters. 2004.vol.3.
41. M.-C.Ground Plane effeetson Planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA) performance..IEEEProe-Mlcrow.AntennasPrOpag,Vol.150.NO.4.2003.8.
42. RuinaZhang,XiaoZhengLai,ShengliLal.APIF A with Slot Ground for RF Handset Applieations. MillimeterWaves.2008.
43.YJ.C,Y.S.S,S.O.P.InternalPIFAfor2.4/5GHzWLANapplieations.ElectmiesLetter.2006.42(l).8-10.
44. KinLon, Planar Antennas for Wireless, Communications.John.Wiley&SonsIne.Publieation,2003:26～27.
45. King R, Harrison CW, D enton D H. Transm ission2line m iss ile antennas [J]. IRE Transac tions on Antennas and P ropaga tion,1960,8(1):88～90.
46. Franco D P. Networks and devices using plana rtrans 2 missions lines [M]. B oca Ra ton:CRC Press, 2000:11-15.
47. Godara L C. Handbook of antennas in w ire less communications [M]. B oca Ra ton:CRC Press, 2002:60～89.
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