冲击采煤的应力波传播分析及研究
|
摘要
本文首先分析了现在采煤生产中常用的滚筒式采煤机的破碎机理及其存在的缺陷,由此结合煤的岩石材料的性质,提出了冲击式采煤的理论,根据此理论设计制造了冲击式采煤机,并进行了工业性试验,取得了预期的效果。理论和实践都证明了采用冲击式采煤机可以很好地解决煤矿生产中存在的问题。
为了更加完善冲击式采煤的理论,从而指导完善冲击式采煤机的改进和应用,本文着重研究了应力波在煤体材料中的传播,详细地分析了应力波在煤体中传播的三个阶段以及每一个阶段中煤体中应力波的传播规律和煤体内部质点的应力状态,从中得到了任一时刻质点的应力大小和冲击应力的关系,并得出可能产生最大应力的时刻和原因。文中还指出,如果选择合适的应力波波形,则会产生更加大的应力集中现象。另外本文还研究了冲击破煤过程中的能量耗散,冲击劈裂宽度以及有用能量和冲击力的关系等问题。最后,运用有限元方法通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA对冲击采煤过程进行了数值模拟,得出了符
This thesis firstly analyzes the fragmenting mechanism and the faults of the common used drum shearer in the coal mining. We make out the theory of compact cutting of coal combining the characteristic of coal. According to the theory, we design and manufacture the impact mining machine. The underground industrial experiment of the model machine had gotten the expected result. Both the theory analysis and experiment provide that the impact-mining machine can solve the mining problems.In order to perfect this theory and instruct the improvement and application of the machine, the author emphatically studies the propagation of stress wave in coal and detailed analyzes both the three stages that the stress wave propagates in the coal and the propagation law of the stress wave and the stress state of the inner material points of each stage. From this study, we gain the
relationship of the stress value and the compact stress at random points, also obtain the reason and the time of the possible maximum stress. This thesis also points out that if we choose the right stress wave form it will produces the higher stress concentration. In addition, this thesis researches the dissipation of energy in process of compact mining, the split thickness of impact and the relationship between the useful energy and the impulsive force. Finally, we make the numerical stimulation of the process of the impact mining by finite element method and ANSYS/LS-DYNA through which we draw a reasonable conclusion, verify the truth of this theory and the feasibility of this machine.
为了更加完善冲击式采煤的理论,从而指导完善冲击式采煤机的改进和应用,本文着重研究了应力波在煤体材料中的传播,详细地分析了应力波在煤体中传播的三个阶段以及每一个阶段中煤体中应力波的传播规律和煤体内部质点的应力状态,从中得到了任一时刻质点的应力大小和冲击应力的关系,并得出可能产生最大应力的时刻和原因。文中还指出,如果选择合适的应力波波形,则会产生更加大的应力集中现象。另外本文还研究了冲击破煤过程中的能量耗散,冲击劈裂宽度以及有用能量和冲击力的关系等问题。最后,运用有限元方法通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA对冲击采煤过程进行了数值模拟,得出了符
This thesis firstly analyzes the fragmenting mechanism and the faults of the common used drum shearer in the coal mining. We make out the theory of compact cutting of coal combining the characteristic of coal. According to the theory, we design and manufacture the impact mining machine. The underground industrial experiment of the model machine had gotten the expected result. Both the theory analysis and experiment provide that the impact-mining machine can solve the mining problems.In order to perfect this theory and instruct the improvement and application of the machine, the author emphatically studies the propagation of stress wave in coal and detailed analyzes both the three stages that the stress wave propagates in the coal and the propagation law of the stress wave and the stress state of the inner material points of each stage. From this study, we gain the
relationship of the stress value and the compact stress at random points, also obtain the reason and the time of the possible maximum stress. This thesis also points out that if we choose the right stress wave form it will produces the higher stress concentration. In addition, this thesis researches the dissipation of energy in process of compact mining, the split thickness of impact and the relationship between the useful energy and the impulsive force. Finally, we make the numerical stimulation of the process of the impact mining by finite element method and ANSYS/LS-DYNA through which we draw a reasonable conclusion, verify the truth of this theory and the feasibility of this machine.
引文
[1] 吕力行,压头静侵入脆性岩石引起等效压杆失稳侵入机理,湘潭矿业学院学报,2003年3月
[2] 岳龙旺、田取珍,煤体冲击破碎中应力波传递规律的研究,太原理工大学学报,1999年9月
[3] 崔新壮、李卫民等,爆炸应力波在各向同性损伤岩石中的衰减规律研究,爆炸与冲击,2001年1月
[4] 王刚、刘海燕、宁建国,冲击作用下有限长线形硬化杆的动态屈曲,北京理工大学学报,2003年4月
[5] 唐柱才,冲击载荷下结构动态屈曲的数值研究,[学位论文],大连,大连理工大学,2004年
[6] 王礼立,应力波基础,北京,国防工业出版社,1985年
[7] 宋守志,固体介质中的应力波,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1989年
[8] 徐小荷、余静,岩石破碎学,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1984年
[9] 田取珍、刘混举等,冲击式采煤破煤机理的研究,太原理工大学学报,1998(2)
[10] 田取珍、刘混举等,冲击式采煤的研究,煤炭学报,1998(6)
[11] 杜三虎、田取珍,冲击破煤机理的初步探讨,西安矿业学院学报,1998(2)
[12] 洪起超,工程断裂力学基础,上海交通大学出版社,1986年
[13] 马少健、陈炳辰,冲击力的测定及其建模研究,广西大学学报,2001年3月
[14] 尹冠生、郑碧玉、吴捷,粘弹性地基上弹性板受连续冲击载荷作用的动力响应分析,长安大学学报,2002年5月
[15] M.A.巴拉霍那、H.B.米勒、F.D.王、S.S.汉,高频冲击射流技术在地下采矿和地下巷道掘进中的应用,地下开采,1998年第3期
[16] 单晓云、李占金,分形理论和岩石破碎的分形研究,河北理工学院学报,2003年5月
[17] 盛建龙、刘新波、朱瑞赓,分形理论及岩石破碎的分形特征,武汉冶金科技大学学报,1999年3月
[18] 段乐珍、徐国元、朱成忠,冲击破岩时破碎区扩展规律数值模拟,中南工业大学学报,1998年10月
[19] 胡柳青、李夕兵、赵伏军,冲击荷载作用下岩石破裂损伤的耗能规律,岩石力学与工程学报,2002年12月
[20] 周维垣、剡公瑞,岩石、混凝土类材料断裂损伤过程区的细观力学研究,水电站设计,1997年3月
[21] M.鲍莱茨基、M.胡戴克著,于振海、刘天泉译,矿山岩体力学,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1994年5月
[22] 钱鸣高、刘听成,矿山压力及其控制,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1991
[23] 田取珍、岳龙旺,Impact Coal Cutting And Testing. Jurnal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 1999(2)
[24] 田取珍、康立勋等,Experimental study on the mechanism of coal and rock breaking by impact, 1999, International Sysposium on Mining Science and Technology
[25]于杰 Peter K Law、 蔡长安、 叶明亮, Impact fatigue crack propagation GUIZHOU SCIENCE, JUN, 2000
[26]Shen、 H. W. Hardy Jr、 H. R. KhairA. W. , Laboratory Study of Acoustic Emission and Particle Size Distribution during Rotary Cutting, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 34, Issue: 3-4, April 6, 1997, pp. 635-636
[27] Niu Dongmin, Mechanical model of coal cutting, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 32, Issue: 4, June, 1995, pp. 169A
[28] Dubinski. J. 、 Stec. K., Assessment of seismic hazard from the focal mechanism parameters of mining tremors, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 33, Issue: 8, December, 1996, pp. 341A
[29] Nazimko, V. V. 、 Peng, S. S. 、 Lapteev, A. 、 Alexandrov, S. , Sazhnev, V. , Damage Mechanics Around a Tunnel Due to Incremental Ground Pressure, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 34, Issue: 3-4, April 6, 1997, pp. 655
[30] Empirical and analytical models of cutting process of Rocks Journal of Mining Science 2000年9月/10月
[31] Influence exerted by the shape of cutting wedge on the chip size. Journal of Mining Science 2001年5月/6月
[32] Lankfork.J, The role of tensile micro-fracture in the strain
?rate dependence of compressive strength of fine-grained limestone-analogy with strong ceramics. Int J Rock Mech Min & Gromech Abstr. 1981. 18: 173～175.
[2] 岳龙旺、田取珍,煤体冲击破碎中应力波传递规律的研究,太原理工大学学报,1999年9月
[3] 崔新壮、李卫民等,爆炸应力波在各向同性损伤岩石中的衰减规律研究,爆炸与冲击,2001年1月
[4] 王刚、刘海燕、宁建国,冲击作用下有限长线形硬化杆的动态屈曲,北京理工大学学报,2003年4月
[5] 唐柱才,冲击载荷下结构动态屈曲的数值研究,[学位论文],大连,大连理工大学,2004年
[6] 王礼立,应力波基础,北京,国防工业出版社,1985年
[7] 宋守志,固体介质中的应力波,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1989年
[8] 徐小荷、余静,岩石破碎学,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1984年
[9] 田取珍、刘混举等,冲击式采煤破煤机理的研究,太原理工大学学报,1998(2)
[10] 田取珍、刘混举等,冲击式采煤的研究,煤炭学报,1998(6)
[11] 杜三虎、田取珍,冲击破煤机理的初步探讨,西安矿业学院学报,1998(2)
[12] 洪起超,工程断裂力学基础,上海交通大学出版社,1986年
[13] 马少健、陈炳辰,冲击力的测定及其建模研究,广西大学学报,2001年3月
[14] 尹冠生、郑碧玉、吴捷,粘弹性地基上弹性板受连续冲击载荷作用的动力响应分析,长安大学学报,2002年5月
[15] M.A.巴拉霍那、H.B.米勒、F.D.王、S.S.汉,高频冲击射流技术在地下采矿和地下巷道掘进中的应用,地下开采,1998年第3期
[16] 单晓云、李占金,分形理论和岩石破碎的分形研究,河北理工学院学报,2003年5月
[17] 盛建龙、刘新波、朱瑞赓,分形理论及岩石破碎的分形特征,武汉冶金科技大学学报,1999年3月
[18] 段乐珍、徐国元、朱成忠,冲击破岩时破碎区扩展规律数值模拟,中南工业大学学报,1998年10月
[19] 胡柳青、李夕兵、赵伏军,冲击荷载作用下岩石破裂损伤的耗能规律,岩石力学与工程学报,2002年12月
[20] 周维垣、剡公瑞,岩石、混凝土类材料断裂损伤过程区的细观力学研究,水电站设计,1997年3月
[21] M.鲍莱茨基、M.胡戴克著,于振海、刘天泉译,矿山岩体力学,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1994年5月
[22] 钱鸣高、刘听成,矿山压力及其控制,北京,煤炭工业出版社,1991
[23] 田取珍、岳龙旺,Impact Coal Cutting And Testing. Jurnal of Coal Science & Engineering(China) 1999(2)
[24] 田取珍、康立勋等,Experimental study on the mechanism of coal and rock breaking by impact, 1999, International Sysposium on Mining Science and Technology
[25]于杰 Peter K Law、 蔡长安、 叶明亮, Impact fatigue crack propagation GUIZHOU SCIENCE, JUN, 2000
[26]Shen、 H. W. Hardy Jr、 H. R. KhairA. W. , Laboratory Study of Acoustic Emission and Particle Size Distribution during Rotary Cutting, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 34, Issue: 3-4, April 6, 1997, pp. 635-636
[27] Niu Dongmin, Mechanical model of coal cutting, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 32, Issue: 4, June, 1995, pp. 169A
[28] Dubinski. J. 、 Stec. K., Assessment of seismic hazard from the focal mechanism parameters of mining tremors, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 33, Issue: 8, December, 1996, pp. 341A
[29] Nazimko, V. V. 、 Peng, S. S. 、 Lapteev, A. 、 Alexandrov, S. , Sazhnev, V. , Damage Mechanics Around a Tunnel Due to Incremental Ground Pressure, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts Volume: 34, Issue: 3-4, April 6, 1997, pp. 655
[30] Empirical and analytical models of cutting process of Rocks Journal of Mining Science 2000年9月/10月
[31] Influence exerted by the shape of cutting wedge on the chip size. Journal of Mining Science 2001年5月/6月
[32] Lankfork.J, The role of tensile micro-fracture in the strain
?rate dependence of compressive strength of fine-grained limestone-analogy with strong ceramics. Int J Rock Mech Min & Gromech Abstr. 1981. 18: 173～175.