岩层中定向钻进非开挖铺设地下管线的研究及应用
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摘要
非开挖水平定向钻进技术(Horizontal Directional Drilling),因其高精度的定位能力而成为非开挖四大工法之中最具潜力的技术,特别在城市管网极为复杂的地区,是其它施工方法难以代替的,社会经济效益尤为突出。我国因为在非开挖技术发展上起步较晚,一直较西方发达国家落后,目前,作为非开挖技术研究的热点也是难点的岩层定向钻进非开挖,对我国的经济发展、基础工程建设有着不小的影响。因此,本文着重对岩层定向钻进非开挖铺管施工技术进行了研究,主要包括导向轨迹设计、导向孔钻进施工、扩孔及管道回拉力计算和排渣工艺研究,并将其研究成果应用于实际工程施工当中,获得了很好的效果。
1、本次研究按照从理论到实践的原则进行,先从理论上对岩层定向钻进非开挖做了全面系统的研究,后用理论研究成果应用到实际工程当中。在理论研究过程中,除了采用常规的理论分析外,还借鉴了国外目前的最新研究成果,来完善本次研究内容。
2、在岩层中进行非开挖研究,非常全面的提出了一条工程施工设计路线,从轨迹设计、导向孔施工到管道回拉等,都做了充分的分析,这对岩层中进行非开挖施工具有指导价值。
3、本次研究当中的反循环清渣工艺,在理论研究中,采用了数值模型进行计算,之后通过理论计算研究,最后在实践中得到检验,这种研究结果,清晰明了,且有助于研究进程。水平定向钻进反循环清渣工艺理论的研究,并将该成果成功应用于工程,证明它具有效率高、可靠性强、经济实用等特点,在将来的发展中必然会对岩层非开挖产生一定的影响。
Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD), which is one of the most potential method among Four Trenchless Methods as it has high precise orientation, has good performance especially in extreme areas where there are many complicated pipelines. Because the development in Trenchless is more late than developed countries, the relevant technology is straggling. Nowadays, research in rock directional drilling is a hotspot and also a difficult point in trenchless field, and it would has a great influence to our nation economic development and foundation construction. Therefore, this paper mainly study the construction technic in rock directional drilling, including pilot profile design, pilot drilling, enlarge hole, pullback loads calculation and bore-meal cleaning. Meanwhile, researching findings are properly used in fact.
1. This paper has made an overall and systematic research, and the results have been properly used in pipeline construction. Besides, many different researching findings from oversees have been consulted to consummate a better effect.
2. This paper has made an integrate construction course for rock directional drilling. And each process of project construction has been given a sufficient and aborative analysis. So it can guide trenchless construction in rocks.
3. During the Bore-meal Cleaning theorietics research, some Numerical Models and theoretics equations were applied to ensure have a direct viewing result. And the research results used in construction proved that reverse circulation has some better characteristics than normal circulation, such as high efficiency, reliability and practicality.
1、本次研究按照从理论到实践的原则进行,先从理论上对岩层定向钻进非开挖做了全面系统的研究,后用理论研究成果应用到实际工程当中。在理论研究过程中,除了采用常规的理论分析外,还借鉴了国外目前的最新研究成果,来完善本次研究内容。
2、在岩层中进行非开挖研究,非常全面的提出了一条工程施工设计路线,从轨迹设计、导向孔施工到管道回拉等,都做了充分的分析,这对岩层中进行非开挖施工具有指导价值。
3、本次研究当中的反循环清渣工艺,在理论研究中,采用了数值模型进行计算,之后通过理论计算研究,最后在实践中得到检验,这种研究结果,清晰明了,且有助于研究进程。水平定向钻进反循环清渣工艺理论的研究,并将该成果成功应用于工程,证明它具有效率高、可靠性强、经济实用等特点,在将来的发展中必然会对岩层非开挖产生一定的影响。
Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD), which is one of the most potential method among Four Trenchless Methods as it has high precise orientation, has good performance especially in extreme areas where there are many complicated pipelines. Because the development in Trenchless is more late than developed countries, the relevant technology is straggling. Nowadays, research in rock directional drilling is a hotspot and also a difficult point in trenchless field, and it would has a great influence to our nation economic development and foundation construction. Therefore, this paper mainly study the construction technic in rock directional drilling, including pilot profile design, pilot drilling, enlarge hole, pullback loads calculation and bore-meal cleaning. Meanwhile, researching findings are properly used in fact.
1. This paper has made an overall and systematic research, and the results have been properly used in pipeline construction. Besides, many different researching findings from oversees have been consulted to consummate a better effect.
2. This paper has made an integrate construction course for rock directional drilling. And each process of project construction has been given a sufficient and aborative analysis. So it can guide trenchless construction in rocks.
3. During the Bore-meal Cleaning theorietics research, some Numerical Models and theoretics equations were applied to ensure have a direct viewing result. And the research results used in construction proved that reverse circulation has some better characteristics than normal circulation, such as high efficiency, reliability and practicality.
引文
[1]颜纯文,蒋国胜,叶建良.非开挖铺设地下管线工程技术.上海科学技术出版社,2005.1
[2]胡汉月.国内外定向钻进非开挖铺管现状及我们的对策.探矿工程,2003年第一期.
[3]刘强,夏柏如.岩石非开挖铺管施工工艺的研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2005.7.
[4]吴礼林.注水平衡法在非开挖施工中的应用.探矿工程,2008,6.
[5]潘树仁,杨柳,杨文.非开挖技术的应用及前景分析.中国煤田地质,2007,8.
[6]林艺萍.非开挖技术在电力工程施工中的应用.现代商贸工业,2009,1.
[7]袁明昕.定向钻进非开挖非开挖铺管技术市场分析.探矿工程,2008.10.
[8]张雅春.定向钻进穿越北京分钟寺铺设中压燃气管道.探矿工程,2004.6,P38-40.
[9] AndréCOLSON. Microtunneling and horizontal drilling. London,ISTE,2006.
[10] Icn Clarke. HDD在不断增长的需求中发展.非开挖技术,2003.2,P1-3.
[11]施建华,林路晨,安关峰.浅谈国外非开挖施工设备.西部探矿工程,2002,4.
[12] Baumert M. E.,and Allouche E. N. Installation loads on pinpelines installed using HDD. Proc.,CSCE Conf.,London, Ont.,Canada,2000,173-180.
[13]张伟等.非开挖铺设地下管线技术和市场.探矿工程译丛,1998.3,P10-15.
[14] Tom Sangster. Trenchless Technology New Developments in Applications. No-Dig International,Vol6,NO.7,1995,P11-16.
[15] Tom Usually.美国定向钻进非开挖技术的历史回顾.岩土地钻凿工程,1995,1.
[16]Polak M.A., Lasheen A. Mechanical modelling for pipes in horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 16 (Suppl.1), 2001,47-55.
[17] Ariaratnam S.T.,Allouche E.N.. Suggested practices for installations using horizontal directional drilling. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction,ASCE 5(4),2000,142-149.
[18] Cheng E. Pulling load calculations for horizontal directional drilling installations. M.A.Sc.Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo,Waterloo,Ontario,2005.
[19] Jason S. Lueke,Samuel T. Ariaratnam. Numerical characterization of surface heave associated with horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2006.
[20] Allouche E.N.,Ariaratnam,S.T.,Lueke,J.S. Horizontal directional drilling: a profile of an emerging underground construction industry. Jounrnal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE 126(1),2000,68-76.
[21] Directional Crossing Contractors Association(DCCA). Guidelines for successful mid-sized directional drilling projects. Directional Crossing Constructors Association,Dallas,TX,1998.
[22] Lueke J.S.,Ariaratnam,S.T. Modeling of surface heave contributing factors in directional boring operations. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering,Montreal,Que.,June,2002,5-8.
[23] Maria Anna Polak and Dennis Chu. Pulling Loads for Polyethylene Pipes in Horizontal Directional Drilling: Theoretical Modeling and Parametric Study. ASCE Journal of Infrastructure Systems 11(2),2005,142-150.
[24] Elisabeth Cheng,Maria Anna Polak. Theoretical model for calculating pulling loads for pipes in horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 22(2007),633-643.
[25] Mohammad Najafi. Trenchless technology. New York,McGraw-Hill,2005.
[26] Glenn Martin Duyvestyn. Field and Numerical Investigation into Pipe Bursting and Horizontal Directional Drilling Pipeline Installation Ground Movements. Library and Archives Canada,2004.
[27] Erez Allouche. A Decision-support Model for Selection of A Trenchless Construction Method. Nationnal Library of Canada,Spring 2001.
[28] Millheim. Computer Simulation of the Directional Drilling Process. The Int. Tech. Symposium of SPE. Beijing,China,Mar 1982,SPE 9990.
[29] M.C.Sheppard etal. Designing well path to reduce drag and torque. SPE15463,1986.
[30] Ho Hs. An Improve Modeling Program for Computing the Torque and Drag in Directional and Deep Wells. spe18047,1988.
[31] Maidlae et al. Field comparison of 2-D and 3-D method for the borehole friction evaluation in directional wells. SPE 16663,1987.
[32]李晓苗.岩层中非开挖钻进导向技术.建设机械技术与管理,2004年07期.
[33] Ma Baosong. Development and applications of trenchless technology in China. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2008.
[34]叶建良.非开挖铺设地下管线施工技术与实践.中国地质大学出版社,2000.
[35]何江.非开挖铺设地下管线技术的发展现状.管道技术与设备,2003,2.
[36]蓝俊康.非开挖铺设地下管线施工方法及设备的类型.广西地质,2001,9.
[37]车延岗,张光烈,陈知一,袁明昕.导/定向钻进非开挖技术(一).建筑机械化,2002,2.
[38]车延岗,张光烈,陈知一,袁明昕.导/定向钻进非开挖技术(二).建筑机械化,2002,3.
[39]颜纯文.非开挖技术的发展与我国的对策.岩土钻凿工程,1998,2-3,P1-13.
[40]颜纯文,蒋国盛,叶建良.定向钻进非开挖铺管铺设地下管线工程技术.上海科学技术出版社,2005年.
[41]吴银柱.硬岩非开挖钻进摆动式潜孔锤定向机构的研究.吉林大学博士论文,2007年6月.
[42]乌效鸣.导向钻进与非开挖铺管技术.中国地质大学出版社,2004年.
[43]于晓珉.定向控制钻具的研制与应用.煤矿安全,2001.5,P45-46.
[44]张志兵.气动冲击锤的计算机模拟研究.中南大学博士论文,2001年3月.
[45]鄢捷年主编.钻井液工艺学.东营,石油大学出版社,2001.
[46]韩占忠,王敬,兰小平. FLUENT:流体工程仿真计算实例与应用.北京理工大学出版社.
[47]帅健,吕英民,蔡强康.全井中钻柱的有限元模型及应用.石油学报,1995,1, P118-126.
[48]蒋国盛,张家铭,窦斌.定(导)向钻进的轨迹设计.地质与勘探,2000,2,P13-15.
[49]史晓亮,段隆臣,侯树刚,等.导向钻进非开挖轨迹优化设计.煤田地质与勘探,2001,Vol.29,No.6.
[50]杨春,陈逸.有地下障碍物的非开挖导向钻进钻孔轨迹优化设计.探矿工程,2001,增刊,115-118.
[51]宗全兵,张祖培,李月莲.非开挖导向钻进钻孔轨迹的优化设计.西部探矿工程,2000.3,P93-94.
[52]王清江,毛建华,曾明昌等.定向井井眼轨迹预测与控制技术.钻采工艺,2008,4.
[53]郝世俊.定向钻孔轨迹模拟方法.探矿工程,2002.6,P27-29.
[54]陈军红,陈宝义.非开挖导向钻进实际轨迹的控制设计.山西建筑,2007.12,第1版.
[55]张海涛.潜孔钻机回转动力头参数计算与特性分析.矿业研究与开发, 1995, Vol.15,No.4,P55-57.
[56]胡郁乐,乌效鸣.非开挖技术中定向钻进效果与弯曲问题分析.地质与勘探, 2003, Vol.39,No.2,P85-87.
[57]陈勇.长距离非开挖穿越技术在岩石层、砂层的施工实践.中国煤炭地质, Vol.20 No.8.
[58]刘强,夏柏如.非开挖施工中反循环清渣工艺的研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2009.2.
[59]胡汉月,刘强.岩石非开挖冲击回转导向钻进施工工艺[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2007.9.
[60]吴银柱.硬岩非开挖钻进摆动式潜孔锤定向机构的研究.吉林大学博士论文,2007年6月.
[61] Abramowitz,M.,Stegun,I.A. Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas. In: Graphs and Mathematical Tables. Dover Publications,New York,1965. 589-618.
[62] Horizontal Directional Drilling A 16-Inch Force Main Under Clearwater Harbor: A Case Study; Lisa M. Murrin, PE; Kelly J. O’Brien; Dorian Modjeski, PE, DEE; Donald R. McCullers; and David O’Connor, PE
[63] David Bennett, Samual Ariaratnam, Casey Como; HDD Consortium, May 2001; Horizontal Directional Drilling Good Practices Guidelines;
[64] United States Patent, Patent No.: US 6,550.818B2, Apr.22,2003, Bent Sub Assembly for Directional Drilling;
[2]胡汉月.国内外定向钻进非开挖铺管现状及我们的对策.探矿工程,2003年第一期.
[3]刘强,夏柏如.岩石非开挖铺管施工工艺的研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2005.7.
[4]吴礼林.注水平衡法在非开挖施工中的应用.探矿工程,2008,6.
[5]潘树仁,杨柳,杨文.非开挖技术的应用及前景分析.中国煤田地质,2007,8.
[6]林艺萍.非开挖技术在电力工程施工中的应用.现代商贸工业,2009,1.
[7]袁明昕.定向钻进非开挖非开挖铺管技术市场分析.探矿工程,2008.10.
[8]张雅春.定向钻进穿越北京分钟寺铺设中压燃气管道.探矿工程,2004.6,P38-40.
[9] AndréCOLSON. Microtunneling and horizontal drilling. London,ISTE,2006.
[10] Icn Clarke. HDD在不断增长的需求中发展.非开挖技术,2003.2,P1-3.
[11]施建华,林路晨,安关峰.浅谈国外非开挖施工设备.西部探矿工程,2002,4.
[12] Baumert M. E.,and Allouche E. N. Installation loads on pinpelines installed using HDD. Proc.,CSCE Conf.,London, Ont.,Canada,2000,173-180.
[13]张伟等.非开挖铺设地下管线技术和市场.探矿工程译丛,1998.3,P10-15.
[14] Tom Sangster. Trenchless Technology New Developments in Applications. No-Dig International,Vol6,NO.7,1995,P11-16.
[15] Tom Usually.美国定向钻进非开挖技术的历史回顾.岩土地钻凿工程,1995,1.
[16]Polak M.A., Lasheen A. Mechanical modelling for pipes in horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 16 (Suppl.1), 2001,47-55.
[17] Ariaratnam S.T.,Allouche E.N.. Suggested practices for installations using horizontal directional drilling. Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction,ASCE 5(4),2000,142-149.
[18] Cheng E. Pulling load calculations for horizontal directional drilling installations. M.A.Sc.Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo,Waterloo,Ontario,2005.
[19] Jason S. Lueke,Samuel T. Ariaratnam. Numerical characterization of surface heave associated with horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2006.
[20] Allouche E.N.,Ariaratnam,S.T.,Lueke,J.S. Horizontal directional drilling: a profile of an emerging underground construction industry. Jounrnal of Construction Engineering and Management,ASCE 126(1),2000,68-76.
[21] Directional Crossing Contractors Association(DCCA). Guidelines for successful mid-sized directional drilling projects. Directional Crossing Constructors Association,Dallas,TX,1998.
[22] Lueke J.S.,Ariaratnam,S.T. Modeling of surface heave contributing factors in directional boring operations. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering,Montreal,Que.,June,2002,5-8.
[23] Maria Anna Polak and Dennis Chu. Pulling Loads for Polyethylene Pipes in Horizontal Directional Drilling: Theoretical Modeling and Parametric Study. ASCE Journal of Infrastructure Systems 11(2),2005,142-150.
[24] Elisabeth Cheng,Maria Anna Polak. Theoretical model for calculating pulling loads for pipes in horizontal directional drilling. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 22(2007),633-643.
[25] Mohammad Najafi. Trenchless technology. New York,McGraw-Hill,2005.
[26] Glenn Martin Duyvestyn. Field and Numerical Investigation into Pipe Bursting and Horizontal Directional Drilling Pipeline Installation Ground Movements. Library and Archives Canada,2004.
[27] Erez Allouche. A Decision-support Model for Selection of A Trenchless Construction Method. Nationnal Library of Canada,Spring 2001.
[28] Millheim. Computer Simulation of the Directional Drilling Process. The Int. Tech. Symposium of SPE. Beijing,China,Mar 1982,SPE 9990.
[29] M.C.Sheppard etal. Designing well path to reduce drag and torque. SPE15463,1986.
[30] Ho Hs. An Improve Modeling Program for Computing the Torque and Drag in Directional and Deep Wells. spe18047,1988.
[31] Maidlae et al. Field comparison of 2-D and 3-D method for the borehole friction evaluation in directional wells. SPE 16663,1987.
[32]李晓苗.岩层中非开挖钻进导向技术.建设机械技术与管理,2004年07期.
[33] Ma Baosong. Development and applications of trenchless technology in China. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2008.
[34]叶建良.非开挖铺设地下管线施工技术与实践.中国地质大学出版社,2000.
[35]何江.非开挖铺设地下管线技术的发展现状.管道技术与设备,2003,2.
[36]蓝俊康.非开挖铺设地下管线施工方法及设备的类型.广西地质,2001,9.
[37]车延岗,张光烈,陈知一,袁明昕.导/定向钻进非开挖技术(一).建筑机械化,2002,2.
[38]车延岗,张光烈,陈知一,袁明昕.导/定向钻进非开挖技术(二).建筑机械化,2002,3.
[39]颜纯文.非开挖技术的发展与我国的对策.岩土钻凿工程,1998,2-3,P1-13.
[40]颜纯文,蒋国盛,叶建良.定向钻进非开挖铺管铺设地下管线工程技术.上海科学技术出版社,2005年.
[41]吴银柱.硬岩非开挖钻进摆动式潜孔锤定向机构的研究.吉林大学博士论文,2007年6月.
[42]乌效鸣.导向钻进与非开挖铺管技术.中国地质大学出版社,2004年.
[43]于晓珉.定向控制钻具的研制与应用.煤矿安全,2001.5,P45-46.
[44]张志兵.气动冲击锤的计算机模拟研究.中南大学博士论文,2001年3月.
[45]鄢捷年主编.钻井液工艺学.东营,石油大学出版社,2001.
[46]韩占忠,王敬,兰小平. FLUENT:流体工程仿真计算实例与应用.北京理工大学出版社.
[47]帅健,吕英民,蔡强康.全井中钻柱的有限元模型及应用.石油学报,1995,1, P118-126.
[48]蒋国盛,张家铭,窦斌.定(导)向钻进的轨迹设计.地质与勘探,2000,2,P13-15.
[49]史晓亮,段隆臣,侯树刚,等.导向钻进非开挖轨迹优化设计.煤田地质与勘探,2001,Vol.29,No.6.
[50]杨春,陈逸.有地下障碍物的非开挖导向钻进钻孔轨迹优化设计.探矿工程,2001,增刊,115-118.
[51]宗全兵,张祖培,李月莲.非开挖导向钻进钻孔轨迹的优化设计.西部探矿工程,2000.3,P93-94.
[52]王清江,毛建华,曾明昌等.定向井井眼轨迹预测与控制技术.钻采工艺,2008,4.
[53]郝世俊.定向钻孔轨迹模拟方法.探矿工程,2002.6,P27-29.
[54]陈军红,陈宝义.非开挖导向钻进实际轨迹的控制设计.山西建筑,2007.12,第1版.
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