212例糖尿病住院患者的相关资料分析
摘要
背景与目的
糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus)是一种以血糖升高为特征的慢性全身性代谢性疾病,严重困扰着全球的人类。据国际糖尿病联盟(International Diabetes Federation,IDF)统计,20世纪90年代,全球糖尿病患者约为1.00亿人,然而,到2007年该数字已经迅速增长到2.46亿人。预计到2025年,全球将有3.80亿人受到糖尿病的困扰。糖尿病的并发症和合并症较多,可引起包括心、脑、肾、眼、神经、血管等组织的慢性进行性病变,严重者可引起酮症酸中毒、高渗性昏迷,严重影响着人们的生活质量和健康安全。糖尿病的发病年龄趋于年轻化。典型的症状诸如多尿、多饮、多食、体重下降也逐渐隐匿起来,导致糖尿病的诊治及时性较差。临床上根据并发症和合并症的不同,糖尿病患者广泛分布于与糖尿病关系密切的科室,这样一来了解这些科室糖尿病的诊治情况显得相当重要。
本文通过对我院212例分布于内分泌、心血管内科、神经内科、眼科、肾内科、干部病房的糖尿病患者进行了回顾性分析,旨在了解以上诸科室目前糖尿病住院患者的基本信息(现年龄、发病年龄及发病时症状)和诊疗情况；了解相关科室对糖尿病及其并发症的筛查和治疗情况；分析糖尿病住院的经济费用情况。从而加强和提高相关科室对糖尿病的认识,从而提高糖尿病的早期识别率,积极筛查并发症,有利于规范化治疗,加强科室之间的相互联系,共同为广大糖尿病和糖尿病高危人群服务。
研究对象与方法
回顾性分析我院212例2010年11月出院的分布于内分泌、心血管内科、神经内科、眼科、肾内科、干部病房的糖尿病患者的病历资料,采用登记表的形式,逐一登记糖尿病患者的姓名、年龄、性别、住院天数、入院时症状和体征等相关的基本信息,血生化、糖耐量试验、尿常规、尿微量蛋白、眼底检查和动脉彩超等辅助检查,基本诊断和用药情况及住院的经济费用情况,用SPSS17.0软件进行数据分析。
结果
1.糖尿病发病年龄40岁以后明显增加；
2.糖尿病并发高血压、冠心病较其它并发症多,分别占67.5%、59.0%;
3.糖尿病患者占内分泌及代谢病科、心内科、神经内科、肾内科、干部病房出院患者的比率分别为93.6%、19.9%、25.7%、18.8%、20.0%、31.5%左右;
4.住院患者行糖耐量试验和胰岛功能测定的比率分别为11.8%、17.9%,糖尿病并发症的相关检查较少,尤其是眼底检查(32.1%)和下肢血管检查(31.1%)严重不足；
5.降糖药物中胰岛素应用比率为58.5%；
6.住院期间改善循环药物应用达88.7%；
7.糖尿病患者住院费用中位数为9342.0元(QR=7337元),药物费占总费用的52.3%。
结论
1.糖尿病的发病、并发症情况及住院经济费用与目前流行病学调查的趋势相似；
2.糖尿病的并发症或合并症筛查率较低,尤其是非糖尿病专科,仍需要加强对糖尿病及其并发症的认识；
Background and Objective
Diabetes mellitus, characterized by higher blood sugar, is a chronic, systemic metabolic disease, which is plaguing the health of the human being. According to the international diabetes federation (IDF) statistics, in1990s, the number of global diabetes was only about100million, however, by2007, the figure had rapidly increased to246million. It is expected that by2025, there will be380million persons plagued by diabetes. Diabetes has lots of complications or comorbidities, which can cause a series of chronic progressive diseases, related to heart, brain, kidneys, eyes, nerves, blood vessels and other organizations. In the serious condition, diabetes can cause ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma, which seriously affect peoples'quality of life, health and safety. The onset age of diabetes is younger than before at present. The typical symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss are hidden in some patients, which can lead to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes more difficulty and delayed. Diabetic patients are widely distributed in different sections of hospital, so it is very important to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
This retrospective analysis the clinical data of the212cases of diabetic patients, who were distributed in endocrinology, cardiology, neurology, ophthalmology, nephrology and cadres'ward, aimed to realize the basic information (the current age, age of onset and the main symptoms) and clinical situation of the diabetic patients in different departments, to comprehend the present situation of screening and treatment of diabetes and its complications, to analyzed the economic costs of diabetes in hospital, in order to strengthen the understanding of the diabetes, to improve the earlier recognition and proper treatment rate of diabetes and in screening the complication and parallel-related disease of diabetes in earlier times.
Subjects and Methods
The data of the212cases in-hospital diabetes patients discharged in November2010from the endocrinology, cardiology, neurology, ophthalmology, nephrology and cadres'ward, were analyzed retrospectively. By the form of registration, we registered the basic information of diabetic patients, including the patients'name, age, sex, length of stay, main symptoms and signs, blood examination, glucose tolerance test, fundus examination, color doppler ultrasound examination, diagnosis, drug using, economic cost and so on. The data were analyzed by the software of SPSS17.
Results
1.The diabetes onset rate was significantly increased after age of40;
2.The rate of diabetes with hypertension, coronary heart disease is higher, respectively accounted for67.5%,59.0%than other complications;
3.The ratio of patients with diabetes, discharged from the departments of cardiology, neurology, nephrology and cadres'ward, were93.6%,19.9%,25.7%,18.8%,20.0%,31.5%;
4.OGTT (11.8%) and pancreatic islet β-cell function determination (17.9%) were fewer, relevant examination of diabetic complications was less, especially the examination of eye (32.1%) and large arteries of lower limb (31.1%);
5.The rates of insulin application (58.5%) was higher among the hypoglycemic agents;
6.The rate of drug application to improve circulation was88.7%;
7.The median cost of hospitalization of diabetic patients was￥9342.0(QR=￥7337), drug charges occupied52.3%of the total cost.
Conclusions
1.The incidence of diabetes, complications and economic costs in hospital were similar with the trend of the epidemiological large-scale investigation;
2.The screening rate of diabetes complications or parallel-related diseases was lower in endocrinology, especially in other departments. Therefore we still need to strengthen the cognition of diabetes and its complications among the those sections;
糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus)是一种以血糖升高为特征的慢性全身性代谢性疾病,严重困扰着全球的人类。据国际糖尿病联盟(International Diabetes Federation,IDF)统计,20世纪90年代,全球糖尿病患者约为1.00亿人,然而,到2007年该数字已经迅速增长到2.46亿人。预计到2025年,全球将有3.80亿人受到糖尿病的困扰。糖尿病的并发症和合并症较多,可引起包括心、脑、肾、眼、神经、血管等组织的慢性进行性病变,严重者可引起酮症酸中毒、高渗性昏迷,严重影响着人们的生活质量和健康安全。糖尿病的发病年龄趋于年轻化。典型的症状诸如多尿、多饮、多食、体重下降也逐渐隐匿起来,导致糖尿病的诊治及时性较差。临床上根据并发症和合并症的不同,糖尿病患者广泛分布于与糖尿病关系密切的科室,这样一来了解这些科室糖尿病的诊治情况显得相当重要。
本文通过对我院212例分布于内分泌、心血管内科、神经内科、眼科、肾内科、干部病房的糖尿病患者进行了回顾性分析,旨在了解以上诸科室目前糖尿病住院患者的基本信息(现年龄、发病年龄及发病时症状)和诊疗情况；了解相关科室对糖尿病及其并发症的筛查和治疗情况；分析糖尿病住院的经济费用情况。从而加强和提高相关科室对糖尿病的认识,从而提高糖尿病的早期识别率,积极筛查并发症,有利于规范化治疗,加强科室之间的相互联系,共同为广大糖尿病和糖尿病高危人群服务。
研究对象与方法
回顾性分析我院212例2010年11月出院的分布于内分泌、心血管内科、神经内科、眼科、肾内科、干部病房的糖尿病患者的病历资料,采用登记表的形式,逐一登记糖尿病患者的姓名、年龄、性别、住院天数、入院时症状和体征等相关的基本信息,血生化、糖耐量试验、尿常规、尿微量蛋白、眼底检查和动脉彩超等辅助检查,基本诊断和用药情况及住院的经济费用情况,用SPSS17.0软件进行数据分析。
结果
1.糖尿病发病年龄40岁以后明显增加；
2.糖尿病并发高血压、冠心病较其它并发症多,分别占67.5%、59.0%;
3.糖尿病患者占内分泌及代谢病科、心内科、神经内科、肾内科、干部病房出院患者的比率分别为93.6%、19.9%、25.7%、18.8%、20.0%、31.5%左右;
4.住院患者行糖耐量试验和胰岛功能测定的比率分别为11.8%、17.9%,糖尿病并发症的相关检查较少,尤其是眼底检查(32.1%)和下肢血管检查(31.1%)严重不足；
5.降糖药物中胰岛素应用比率为58.5%；
6.住院期间改善循环药物应用达88.7%；
7.糖尿病患者住院费用中位数为9342.0元(QR=7337元),药物费占总费用的52.3%。
结论
1.糖尿病的发病、并发症情况及住院经济费用与目前流行病学调查的趋势相似；
2.糖尿病的并发症或合并症筛查率较低,尤其是非糖尿病专科,仍需要加强对糖尿病及其并发症的认识；
Background and Objective
Diabetes mellitus, characterized by higher blood sugar, is a chronic, systemic metabolic disease, which is plaguing the health of the human being. According to the international diabetes federation (IDF) statistics, in1990s, the number of global diabetes was only about100million, however, by2007, the figure had rapidly increased to246million. It is expected that by2025, there will be380million persons plagued by diabetes. Diabetes has lots of complications or comorbidities, which can cause a series of chronic progressive diseases, related to heart, brain, kidneys, eyes, nerves, blood vessels and other organizations. In the serious condition, diabetes can cause ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma, which seriously affect peoples'quality of life, health and safety. The onset age of diabetes is younger than before at present. The typical symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and weight loss are hidden in some patients, which can lead to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes more difficulty and delayed. Diabetic patients are widely distributed in different sections of hospital, so it is very important to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
This retrospective analysis the clinical data of the212cases of diabetic patients, who were distributed in endocrinology, cardiology, neurology, ophthalmology, nephrology and cadres'ward, aimed to realize the basic information (the current age, age of onset and the main symptoms) and clinical situation of the diabetic patients in different departments, to comprehend the present situation of screening and treatment of diabetes and its complications, to analyzed the economic costs of diabetes in hospital, in order to strengthen the understanding of the diabetes, to improve the earlier recognition and proper treatment rate of diabetes and in screening the complication and parallel-related disease of diabetes in earlier times.
Subjects and Methods
The data of the212cases in-hospital diabetes patients discharged in November2010from the endocrinology, cardiology, neurology, ophthalmology, nephrology and cadres'ward, were analyzed retrospectively. By the form of registration, we registered the basic information of diabetic patients, including the patients'name, age, sex, length of stay, main symptoms and signs, blood examination, glucose tolerance test, fundus examination, color doppler ultrasound examination, diagnosis, drug using, economic cost and so on. The data were analyzed by the software of SPSS17.
Results
1.The diabetes onset rate was significantly increased after age of40;
2.The rate of diabetes with hypertension, coronary heart disease is higher, respectively accounted for67.5%,59.0%than other complications;
3.The ratio of patients with diabetes, discharged from the departments of cardiology, neurology, nephrology and cadres'ward, were93.6%,19.9%,25.7%,18.8%,20.0%,31.5%;
4.OGTT (11.8%) and pancreatic islet β-cell function determination (17.9%) were fewer, relevant examination of diabetic complications was less, especially the examination of eye (32.1%) and large arteries of lower limb (31.1%);
5.The rates of insulin application (58.5%) was higher among the hypoglycemic agents;
6.The rate of drug application to improve circulation was88.7%;
7.The median cost of hospitalization of diabetic patients was￥9342.0(QR=￥7337), drug charges occupied52.3%of the total cost.
Conclusions
1.The incidence of diabetes, complications and economic costs in hospital were similar with the trend of the epidemiological large-scale investigation;
2.The screening rate of diabetes complications or parallel-related diseases was lower in endocrinology, especially in other departments. Therefore we still need to strengthen the cognition of diabetes and its complications among the those sections;
引文
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