FRP筋力学性能及其混凝土梁受弯性能研究
|
摘要
钢筋锈蚀是结构丧失承载力,影响预期使用寿命的主要因素,也是影响钢筋混凝土结构耐久性的一个重要问题。碳素、芳纶、玻璃等高性能连续纤维具有耐腐蚀、重量轻、强度高、抗电磁辐射、抗疲劳等一系列优良特性,采用拉挤工艺制成的FRP筋(Fiber Reinforced Plastics)可以替代或部分替代钢筋用于混凝土结构工程中,具有很高的开发价值。但是,FRP筋是弹性体,到达抗拉极限强度时突然断裂,用于普通混凝土梁时,没有屈服点和塑性阶段,会发生脆性破坏。因此,研究FRP筋力学性能及其混凝土梁抗弯性能,分析FRP筋混凝土梁在荷载作用下的弯曲性能和破坏机理,对结构设计具有重要的意义。
本文研究了FRP筋的成型方法、锚固方法,研制开发了新的FRP筋;进行了FRP筋基本力学性能和FRP筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验分析,对FRP筋混凝土受弯构件的受力变形全过程进行了有限元分析,结果表明:
1.与钢筋相比,FRP筋抗拉强度高(本文CFRP筋抗拉强度为1779MPa,GFRP筋为993MPa),弹性模量低,延伸率小;单一纤维FRP筋拉伸破坏为断裂破坏,应力-应变关系破坏前基本呈直线关系,无明显的塑性阶段;提出了应力-应变本构模型及设计指标。
2.两种抗拉强度、延伸率和极限应变均不相同的纤维混杂形成的HFRP筋,只要低延伸率纤维的体积数低于其临界体积数,二者混杂后的应力-应变关系就会出现类似于钢材的“屈服平台”;给出了HFRP筋临界体积数、抗拉强度、弹性模量设计公式。
3.研究了FRP筋混凝土梁变形特征和破坏机理,截面应变基本符合平截面变化;初始裂缝宽度大,开展位置高,裂缝发展较快,分布均匀;挠度变化大,荷载-挠度曲线近似双直线变化;FRP筋的抗拉刚度(弹性模量×截面积)和梁的截面高度对挠度影响较大,混凝土强度和荷载类型的影响较小。
4. FRP筋混凝土梁破坏分为两种破坏模式,基于平截面假定,提出了两种破坏模式下FRP筋混凝土梁正截面承载力计算公式;以双直线的弯矩-曲率关系模型为基础提出了挠度计算公式,与试验结果吻合较好。提出的FRP筋混凝土梁的设计方法可作为FRP筋混凝土梁的设计参考。
The erosion of steel bars, which can result in the failure of bearing capacity of the RC structures, has also been considered to be a chief factor to affect the life span and the durability as well. Therefore, high-performance fibers including carbon and glass, with light weight, high strength, resistance to erosion, fatigue or electro-magnetic radiation, which can be made into FRP bars with special technique, can replace steel bars in concrete structures. However, as a type of elastic material, its sudden rupture without any yielding point or plastic property in the ultimate stage of tension will cause the unexpected failure of flexural members. It is of great importance to study mechanical property of FRP bars as well as the flexural property and failure mechanism of FRP-reinforced concrete beams.
In this paper, the manufacturing and anchorage of the FRP bars are studied, and a new type of FRP bar is reserched and developed. Experiments are conducted to study the mechanical property of FRP bars and the flexural property of FRP-reinforced concrete beams. We also make FEM analysis of the whole process of the deformation of the beams. It is indicated that:
1. In contrast to steel bars, FRP bars have higher tensile strength(the tensile strength of CFRP is 1779Mpa and GFRP is 993Mpa) along with lower elastic modulus and lower extension rate. The failure of single FRP bar is a kind of rupture failure with a basic linear stress-strain relationship, lacking evident plastic stage. The experimental method, stress-strain model and parameters for design have been proposed.
2. For hybrid FRP(HFRP) bars, with two groups of fibers of different tensile strength, extension rate and ultimate strain, as long as the low elongation fibers doesn’t exceed the boundary content, the stress-strain relationship of the HFRP bars will have a yielding stage similar to steel bars. The formula has been offered to design the boundary content, tensile strength and elastic modulus of HFRP bar.
3. The deformation characteristics and failure mechanism have been studied. Strain along the cross section is proportional to the height, which we call a“plane section”. With wide original cracks and fast development, the cracks have an even distribution. The deflection varies greatly, while the load-deflection curve looks like double lines. Tensile rigidity(elastic modulus multiple area of cross section) of FRP and height of the beams seem to affect the deflection in a greater extent than concrete strength and type of loads.
4. Based on the“plane section”theory, the flexural bearing capacity formulas for the two types of failure modes have been produced. The deflection formula on the basis of double-line model of M-￠curve is applied to obtain desirable agreement between calculated results and experimental data. The proposed design method can serve as a reference for those designers who are going to deal with FRP-reinforced concrete beams.
本文研究了FRP筋的成型方法、锚固方法,研制开发了新的FRP筋;进行了FRP筋基本力学性能和FRP筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验分析,对FRP筋混凝土受弯构件的受力变形全过程进行了有限元分析,结果表明:
1.与钢筋相比,FRP筋抗拉强度高(本文CFRP筋抗拉强度为1779MPa,GFRP筋为993MPa),弹性模量低,延伸率小;单一纤维FRP筋拉伸破坏为断裂破坏,应力-应变关系破坏前基本呈直线关系,无明显的塑性阶段;提出了应力-应变本构模型及设计指标。
2.两种抗拉强度、延伸率和极限应变均不相同的纤维混杂形成的HFRP筋,只要低延伸率纤维的体积数低于其临界体积数,二者混杂后的应力-应变关系就会出现类似于钢材的“屈服平台”;给出了HFRP筋临界体积数、抗拉强度、弹性模量设计公式。
3.研究了FRP筋混凝土梁变形特征和破坏机理,截面应变基本符合平截面变化;初始裂缝宽度大,开展位置高,裂缝发展较快,分布均匀;挠度变化大,荷载-挠度曲线近似双直线变化;FRP筋的抗拉刚度(弹性模量×截面积)和梁的截面高度对挠度影响较大,混凝土强度和荷载类型的影响较小。
4. FRP筋混凝土梁破坏分为两种破坏模式,基于平截面假定,提出了两种破坏模式下FRP筋混凝土梁正截面承载力计算公式;以双直线的弯矩-曲率关系模型为基础提出了挠度计算公式,与试验结果吻合较好。提出的FRP筋混凝土梁的设计方法可作为FRP筋混凝土梁的设计参考。
The erosion of steel bars, which can result in the failure of bearing capacity of the RC structures, has also been considered to be a chief factor to affect the life span and the durability as well. Therefore, high-performance fibers including carbon and glass, with light weight, high strength, resistance to erosion, fatigue or electro-magnetic radiation, which can be made into FRP bars with special technique, can replace steel bars in concrete structures. However, as a type of elastic material, its sudden rupture without any yielding point or plastic property in the ultimate stage of tension will cause the unexpected failure of flexural members. It is of great importance to study mechanical property of FRP bars as well as the flexural property and failure mechanism of FRP-reinforced concrete beams.
In this paper, the manufacturing and anchorage of the FRP bars are studied, and a new type of FRP bar is reserched and developed. Experiments are conducted to study the mechanical property of FRP bars and the flexural property of FRP-reinforced concrete beams. We also make FEM analysis of the whole process of the deformation of the beams. It is indicated that:
1. In contrast to steel bars, FRP bars have higher tensile strength(the tensile strength of CFRP is 1779Mpa and GFRP is 993Mpa) along with lower elastic modulus and lower extension rate. The failure of single FRP bar is a kind of rupture failure with a basic linear stress-strain relationship, lacking evident plastic stage. The experimental method, stress-strain model and parameters for design have been proposed.
2. For hybrid FRP(HFRP) bars, with two groups of fibers of different tensile strength, extension rate and ultimate strain, as long as the low elongation fibers doesn’t exceed the boundary content, the stress-strain relationship of the HFRP bars will have a yielding stage similar to steel bars. The formula has been offered to design the boundary content, tensile strength and elastic modulus of HFRP bar.
3. The deformation characteristics and failure mechanism have been studied. Strain along the cross section is proportional to the height, which we call a“plane section”. With wide original cracks and fast development, the cracks have an even distribution. The deflection varies greatly, while the load-deflection curve looks like double lines. Tensile rigidity(elastic modulus multiple area of cross section) of FRP and height of the beams seem to affect the deflection in a greater extent than concrete strength and type of loads.
4. Based on the“plane section”theory, the flexural bearing capacity formulas for the two types of failure modes have been produced. The deflection formula on the basis of double-line model of M-￠curve is applied to obtain desirable agreement between calculated results and experimental data. The proposed design method can serve as a reference for those designers who are going to deal with FRP-reinforced concrete beams.
引文
[1] Editorial(编者按),Cement & Concrete composites,2000,22(3)
[2] 黄士元. 混凝土的耐久性与结构物的安全性.混凝土与水泥制品.1996.1
[3] 丸山武彦.連続繊維材(FRP)を用いたコンクリートの現状と将来.コンクリ-ト工学. pp.3-11.1997.5
[4]王荣国,武卫莉,谷万里,复合材料概论[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1999 年
[5]邹祖讳,复合材料的结构和性能[M],北京:科学出版社,1999 年
[6]张耀明,李巨白,姜肇中,玻璃纤维与矿物棉全书[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2003 年
[7]黄丽主编,聚合物复合材料[M],北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001 年
[8] 徐新生,邓宗才,徐爱敏等.连续纤维增强混凝土的研究应用.建筑技术开发.1996.5
[9] 徐新生 李云兰 高红卫. 连续纤维加强材力学性能及结构性能.山东建材.1999.1.
[10] 徐新生,王铁成,魏晓东,预应力碳纤维筋混凝土结构锚固方法及试验技术,工业建筑,2005.9,p101-104
[11]陈祥宝,包建文,娄葵阳,树脂基复合材料制造技术[M],北京:化学工业出版社 2000
[12] 岩崎達彥. 連続繊維補強材.プレストストコンクリ-ト.pp.109-115. 2000.2
[13] 郝庆多, 王勃, 欧进萍.纤维增强塑料筋在土木工程中的应用. 原材料及辅助物料,2006.9
[14] Mamdouh Elbadry ; Omer Elzaroug. Control of cracking due to temperature in structural concrete reinforced with CFRP bars. Composite Structures 64 (2004) 37–45
[15] 岳清瑞,我国碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)加固修复土木建筑结构技术研究应用现状与展望,中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集. 2000.6.中国北京.
[16] 叶列平,纤维增强塑料混凝土在土木工程中的应用综述,中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.2000.6.中国北京.
[17] 吴智深.FRP 复合材料在基础工程设施的增强和加固方面的现状与发展. 中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.2000.6.中国北京.
[18] 丸山 武彥.新素材『FRP ロッド』とコンクリート.セメント·コンクリート.No.563.Jan.1994.
[19] 關 文夫等,カンチレバーケーブル炭素纖維補強材を用いた PC ラーメン橋，コンクリート工學,Vol.31,№.12,1993.12
[20] American Concrete Institute. Staye-of-the Rrport on Fiber Reinforced Plastic Reinforcement for Concrete Structures[R].Report No. ACI440R-96, Detroit, Michigan, 1996
[21] Bakht B et al. Canadian bridge design code provisions for Fiber-Reinforced Structures[J]. Journal of composites for construction.2000,Vol.4(1):3-15
[22] 何政、欧进萍,FRP 筋及配筋混凝土构件的力学性能与智能特性,第二届全国土木工程用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用技术学术交流论文集,2002.7(昆明)
[23] Roko K, Boothby TE,Bakis CE. Failure modes of sheet bonded fiber reinforced polymer applied to brick masonry. Proceedings of the 4th Int. Symp. FRPRCS, SP-188-65,ACI International, p.751-765,1999.11.
[24] American Concrete Institute.Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars[R].Report No.ACI440R-01,Detroit,Michigan,2001
[25] Uomoto T. Durability of FRP as Reinforcement for Concrete Structures[C]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures,ACMBS-3,J.L. Humar and A. G. Razaqpur, eds., Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, Quebec, 2000
[26] Kupke M et al.Non-destructive Testing of FRP by D.C.and A.C. Electrical Methods.Composites Science and Technology,2001.Vol.61,pp.837-847
[27] Masmoud R,Benmokrane B and Chaallal O. Cracking Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Plastic Rebars[J]. Canada Journal of Civil Engineering,1996,Vol.23,pp.1172-1179
[28] Saafi M and Toutanji H. Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Beams Reinforced with Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer(AFRP) Rectangular Tendons[J].Construction & Building Materials. 1998, Vol.12, pp.245-249
[29] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁正截面性能的试验研究,工业建筑,2001.9
[30] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋混凝土的粘结机理及锚固长度的计算方法,水利学报,2000.11
[31] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋混凝土梁受力性能的试验研究,工业建筑,1999.12
[32] 张新越,FRP 筋及其混凝土构件的力学性能与感知性能[硕士学位论文],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2002.9
[33] S. Kocaoza, V.A. Samaranayakeb, A. Nannia, Tensile characterization of glass FRP bars. Composites: Part B 36 (2005) 127–134
[34] Y.C. Wang , P.M.H. Wong , V. Kodur. An experimental study of the mechanicalproperties of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) and steel reinforcing bars at elevated temperatures. Composite Structures xxx (2006) xxx–xxx
[35] Charles W Dolan. FRP Presstressing in the USA[J ] . Concrete International 1999, 21(10) : 33-36.
[36] Yamaguchi T; Kato Y; Nishimura T and Uomoto T. Creep Rupture of FRP Rods Made of Aramid, Carbon and Glass Fiber [C]. Proceedings of the Third International Sympo siumon Non-Metallic(FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structure (FRPRCS-3), Japan Concrete Institute, Sapporo, Japan, Vol.2, 1997.
[37] Curtis P T. The Fatigue Behavior of Fibrous Composite Materials[J]. Journal of Strain Analysis, 1998,24,(4):235-244
[38] Odagiri T; Matsumoto K and Nakai H. Fatigue and Relaxation Characteristics of Continuous Aramid Fiber Reinforced PlasticRods[C]. Third International Symposiumon Non-Metallic(FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structure (FRPRCS-3), Japan Concrete Institute Sapporo, Japan, 1997, Vol.2, pp.227-234.
[39] Kanakubo T , Yonemaru K,Fukuyama H. et al. Bond performance of concrete members reinforced with FRP bars[J ] . Proc. Int . Symp. On Fiber Reinforced Plastic Reinforcement for Concrete Structure. ACI SP - 138 ,1993.
[40] Makitani E , Irisawa I ,Nishiura N. Investigation of bond in concretemember with fibre reinforced polymer bars. Internationan symposium fibre - reinforced - plastic reinforcement for concrete structures ,ACI SP - 138 ,1993 :315 - 331.
[41] Nanni A ,Al - Zaharani M. Bond of FRP reinforcement to concrete experimental results. Proc. 2nd Int . RIL EM Symp ,1995.
[42] E Cosenza , G Manfredi , R Realfonzo. Development Length of FRP Straight Rebars [J].Composites : PartB ,2002 ,33 :493-504.
[43]Eligehausen R, Popov,EP, Bertero VV. Local bond stress–slip relationships of deformed bars under generalized excitations. Report no. 83/23, EERC, University of California, Berkeley; 1983.
[44]Chaallal O, Benmokrane B. Pullout and bond of glass-fibre rods embedded in concrete and cement grout. Mater Struct 1993;26.
[45]Hattori A, Inoue S, Miyagawa T, Fujii MA. Study on bond creep behavior of FRP rebars embedded in concrete. In: Taerwe L, editor Proceedings of the Second International RILEM Symposium (FRPRCS-2), Ghent, Belgium; 1995.
[46]Karlsson M. Bond between C-Bar FRP reinforcement and concrete, Chalmers University of Technology, Pub. No.98:3, Work No. 22. Graduation Thesis: E-91:1, Goteborg, Sweden; 1997.
[47] Zaki IMahmoud. Transfer and development lengths of carbon fiber reinforcedpolymers p restressing reinforcement [ J ]. ACI Structural Journal, 1999, 96 (4) : 594-602.
[48] J M Lees. Transfer bound stresses generated between FRP tendons and concrete [ J ]. Magazine of Concrete Research. 1999, 51 ( 4) :229-239.
[49] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋与混凝土的粘结性能的影响因素,工业建筑,2001.2
[50] Vistasp M.Karbhari. WTEC Monograph on Use of Composite Materials in Civil Infrastructure in Japen, ITRI word Technology Division.1998.8
[51] JSCE. Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures Using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials. Published by Research Committee Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials, JSCE. JAPAN. Oct,1997.
[52] Giuseppe B., Guimaraes and Aellington F. Araujo. Strain concentration at ary-joints of segmental concrete beam prestressed with external aramid tendons. FRPRCS5:681-688, London, 2001
[53] Raafat El2Hacha. Strengthening concrete beams with externally prestressed carbon fiber composite cables [A ]. FRPRC25 [ C ] , Thomas Telford London, 2001.
[54] Houssam, Toutany. Performance of concrete beams prestressed with aramid fiber reinforced polymer tendons[ J ]. Composite Structures, 1999, 44: 63-70.
[55] H. A. Abdalla. Evaluation of deflection in concrete members reinforced with Fibre Reinforced Polyme(FRP) Bars[J ] . Elsevier Science Publishers - Composite Structures ,2002 (56) :63 - 71.
[56] Brown V L ,Barthdomew C L. Glass reinforcement in concrete members[J ] . Concrete International ,1992 ,14 (9) :23 - 27.
[57] Steckel GL , Hawkins G F , and Bauer J L. Environ mental durability of composites for seismic retrofit of bridge columns. Proceedings of NIST Workshop on Standards develop for the Use of Fiber Reinforced Polymers for the Rehabilitation of Concrete and Masonry Structures. Tucson ,Arizona :January 1998 (1- 8) :83-96
[58] 谷木谦介. 关于混凝土结构修复补强工程中碳纤维片的耐久性能. 特希达碳纤维修复补强技术报告.
[59] R Falabella , J Neuner. Environmental Durability and Resin Stoichiometry Studies of TYFO S High Strength Column Wrapping System , Report for Hexcel Tyfe Co. ,1993
[60]Somjai Kajorncheappunngam, Rakesh k Gupta, Hota v s. Effect of aging enviroment on degradation of glass - reinforced epoxy. Journal of Composites For Construction ,2002 ;6(1) :61 - 69
[61] 叶列平,冯鹏, FRP 在工程结构中的应用与发展,土木工程学报,2006.3,p24-36
[62] 曾宪桃,车惠民.复合材料FRP 在桥梁工程中的应用及其前景[ J].桥梁建设, 2000,(2): 66-70
[63] 叶列平. FRP 加固混凝土结构设计方法[ C] // 第二届纤维增强塑料及工程应用学术交流会论文集. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2002: 67-73
[64] Sonobe Y, Fukuyama H, Okamoto T, et al. Design guidelines of FRP reinforced concrete building structures[ J] . Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 1997, 1 (3): 90- 115
[65] 冯鹏, 叶列平. GFRP 空心板静载试验研究及分析[ J].工业建筑,2004,34(4):15-18+27
[66] Keller T. Fibre Reinforced Polymer Materials in Building Construction [ C/CD] //Proc. ABSE Symposium. Melbourne, Australia: IABSE, 2002
[67] 汤国栋, 汤羽, 冯广占. 中国GRP/COM桥梁的研究与实践[ J] . 成都科技大学学报,1995, (6): 69- 80
[68] Sekijima K, Ogisako E, Miyata K, et al. Analytical study on flexural behavior of GFRP -concrete composite beam[ C] //Proc. the International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering. Hong Kong, China: Elsevier Science Ltd,2001:1363- 1370
[69] Canning L, Hollaway L, Thorne A M. An investigation of the composite action of an FRP/concrete prismatic beam[ J] . Construction and Building Materials, 1999, 13: 417- 426
[70]Van Erp G, Heldt T, Mccormick L. Development of aninnovative fibre composite deck unit bridge [ C/CD] // Proc.IABSE Symposium. Melbourne, Australia: IABSE, 2002
[71] Fam A, Rizkalla S. Large scale testing and analysis ofhybrid concrete/composite tubes for circular beam-columnapplications [ J] . Construction and Building Materials,2003, 17: 507- 516
[72] Mirmiran A, Samaan M, Cabrera S, et al. Design, manufacture and testing of a new hybrid column[ J] . Construction and building materials, 1998, 12 (1): 39- 49
[73] Mirmiran A, Shao Y, Shahawy M. Analysis and field tests on the performance of composite tubes under pile driving impact[ J] . Composite Structures, 2002, 55: 127- 135
[74] Burgueno R, Davol A, Zhao L, et al. Flexural behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete beam/slab bridge component [ J] . ACI Structural Journal, 2004,101 (2) :228- 236
[75] Yang Q S, Qin Q H, Zheng D H. Analytical and numerical investigation of interfacial stresses of FRP-concrete hybrid structure[ J] . Composite Structures, 2002, 57: 221- 226
[76] Davol A, BurguenoR, Seible F. Flexural behavior of circular concrete filled FRP shells [ J] . Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127 (7): 810- 817
[77] Teng JG, Yao J. Self-weight buckling of FRP tubes filled with wet concrete [ J] . Thin-walled Structures, 2000, 38 (4): 337- 353
[78] Meier U. 关于在直布罗陀海峡最窄处建造碳纤维增强复合材料桥的建议[ J] . 李正仁译. 国外桥梁, 1990, (4) : 45- 50
[79] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋粘结锚固性能的试验研究,工业建筑,1999.12
[80] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋在混凝土结构中的应用,工业建筑,1999.2
[81] 李趁趁,高丹盈,朱海堂,纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁正截面性能的研究,郑州大学学报,2004.4
[82]李趁趁,纤维增强塑料筋混凝土梁正截面受力性能研究[硕士学位论文],郑州:郑州大学,2002 年 5 月
[83]蒋 薇,FRP 筋混凝土受弯构件的试验数值分析[硕士学位论文],南京:河海大学,1999 年 11 月
[84]谢晶晶,纤维增强塑料筋锚杆锚固机理及设计方法的研究[硕士学位论文],郑州:郑州大学,2002 年 5 月
[85]王伟,玻璃钢筋混凝土梁的计算理论与实验研究[硕士学位论文],武汉:武汉理工大学,2004 年 7 月
[86]曾德光,FRP 筋混凝土梁的受弯性能试验研究和理论分析[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学,2005 年 4 月
[87] 茅卫兵,混凝土结构中新型钢筋代用材料 FRP 筋的配筋试验研究[硕士学位论文],南京:河海大学,1998 年 11 月
[88] 彭亚萍, 徐新生, 初风荣,连续玻璃纤维筋的基本力学性能研究,房材与应用,第28卷第3期,2000年6月
[89] 初凤荣,彭亚萍,徐新生,黄博升,FRP型材的静力试验设计,山东建材,2001.2
[90] 徐新生,宋时言,王铁成,FRP 筋力学性能研究,建筑结构学报,2006(增)229-233
[91] Kretsis G. A review of the tensile, compressive, flexural and shear properties of hybrid fibre-reinforced plastics. Composites 1987;18(1):13–23.
[92] 宋焕成,张佐光,混杂纤维复合材料(M),北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1989 年
[93] Jones KD, DiBenedetto AT. Fiber fracture in hybrid composite systems. Compos Sci Technol 1994;51(1):53–62.
[94]Phillips LN. The hybrid effect-does it really exist? Composites 1976;7(1):7-8.
[95]Bakis CE, Nanni A, Terosky JA, Koehler SW. Self-monitoring, pseudo-ductile, hybrid FRP reinforcement rods for concrete applications. Compos Sci Technol 2001;61(6):815-23.
[96]Young-Jun You, Young-Hwan Park,Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Ji-Sun Par. Hybrid effect on tensile properties of FRP rods with various material compositions. Composite Structures xxx (2006).
[97]Yujin L, Changsen S, Farhad A. Acoustic emission characterization of damage in hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer rods. J Compos Constr 2004;8(1):70-8.
[98]Antonio F. Barbosa, Gabriel O. Ribeiro. Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures. Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model. Computational Mechanics,1998
[99]Damian kachlakev,Thomas Miller, Solomon Yim. Finite Element Modeling of Reinfireced Concrete Structures Strengthened with FRP Laminates. Final Report,2003. 5
[100] ANSYS Theory Reference, Electronic Release IP, Inc., 1998
[101] ANS YS 高级技术分析指南,ANSYS 中国,2000.1
[102]Bazant Z P. et.al.. Task Committee on Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete
[103]康清梁,钢筋混凝土有限元分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996
[104]过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[105]朱伯龙,董振样,钢筋混凝土有限元分析.上海:同济大学出版社,1985
[106]过镇海, 混凝土的强度和变形,试验基础和本构关系.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[107]陈惠发 A. F.萨里普,土木工程材料的本构方程.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001. 5
[108]Ngo D, Scordelis A C. Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete members, Journal of ACI, 1967, 64(3): 411-416
[109] Benmokrane B, Chaallal O, Masmoudi R. Flexural response of concrete beams reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars. ACI Struct J 1996; 93(1):46–55.
[110]Al-Salloum A Y, Alsayed HS, Almusallam HT, Amjad AM. Some design considerations for concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. In: Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani RM, editors. Proceedings of first international conference on composites in infrastructure, Tucson (AZ); 1996. p. 318–31.
[111]国家标准:《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010-2002)
[112]徐新生,张玉敏,王铁成,FRP 筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究,建筑结构学报,2006(增)237-242
[113]徐新生,彭亚萍,王铁成,两种以上纤维复合 FRP 筋混杂效应分析,建筑结构学报,2006(增)234-236
[114]JSCE. "Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structure Using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing M aterials" .Published by Research Committee on Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials, JSCE. JPAN. Oct, 1997
[115]Houssam T outanji, Yong Deng,Deflection and crack-width prediction of concrete beams reinforced with glass FRP rods. Construction and Building Materials 17 (2003) 69–74.
[116]Al-Salloum A Y, Alsayed HS, Almusallam HT, Amjad AM. Some design considerations for concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. In: Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani RM, editors. Proceedings of first international conference on composites in infrastructure, Tucson (AZ); 1996. p. 318–31.
[117]Zenon Achillides, Kypros Pilakoutas. Bond behavior of fiber reinforced Polymer bars under direct pullout conditions[J]. Journal of Composites For Constructure, 2004, 8(2): 173 -181.
[118]Abdalla HA, El-Badry MM, Rizkalla SH. Deflection of concrete slabs reinforced with advanced composite materials. In: Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures, August 1996; Montreal, Canada, 1996. p. 201–8.
[119]Toutanji HA, Saafi M. Deflection and crack width predictions of concrete beams reinforced with fibre reinforced polymer bars. In: Fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement for concrete structures, SP-188. Detroit: American Concrete Institute; 1999.
[120]Pecce M, Manfredi G, Cosenza E. Experimental reponse and code models of GFRP RC beams in bending. J Compos Construct, ASCE 2000; 4(4):182-90.
[121]Pesic N, Pilakoutas K. Simplified design guidelines for FRP einforced conrete beams in flexure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Plastic for Reinforced Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-5, July 2001; Cambridge,UK,2001.P.177-86.
[122]ISIS Canada: Design Manual 3. Reinforcing concrete structures with fiber reinforced polymers. The Canadian Network of Centers of Excellence on Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, September 2001. 207 p.
[123]H.A.Abdalla Evaluation of deflection inconcrete members reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer bars. Composite Structures 56(2002).63-71.
[124]Toutanji H, Saafi M. Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. ACI Struct J 2000;97(5):712–9.
[125]高丹盈,朱海堂,李趁趁.纤维增强塑料筋混凝土梁受弯性能的计算方法. 郑州大学学报(工学版),2003 年 3 月,第 24 卷 第 1 期.
[2] 黄士元. 混凝土的耐久性与结构物的安全性.混凝土与水泥制品.1996.1
[3] 丸山武彦.連続繊維材(FRP)を用いたコンクリートの現状と将来.コンクリ-ト工学. pp.3-11.1997.5
[4]王荣国,武卫莉,谷万里,复合材料概论[M],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1999 年
[5]邹祖讳,复合材料的结构和性能[M],北京:科学出版社,1999 年
[6]张耀明,李巨白,姜肇中,玻璃纤维与矿物棉全书[M],北京:化学工业出版社,2003 年
[7]黄丽主编,聚合物复合材料[M],北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001 年
[8] 徐新生,邓宗才,徐爱敏等.连续纤维增强混凝土的研究应用.建筑技术开发.1996.5
[9] 徐新生 李云兰 高红卫. 连续纤维加强材力学性能及结构性能.山东建材.1999.1.
[10] 徐新生,王铁成,魏晓东,预应力碳纤维筋混凝土结构锚固方法及试验技术,工业建筑,2005.9,p101-104
[11]陈祥宝,包建文,娄葵阳,树脂基复合材料制造技术[M],北京:化学工业出版社 2000
[12] 岩崎達彥. 連続繊維補強材.プレストストコンクリ-ト.pp.109-115. 2000.2
[13] 郝庆多, 王勃, 欧进萍.纤维增强塑料筋在土木工程中的应用. 原材料及辅助物料,2006.9
[14] Mamdouh Elbadry ; Omer Elzaroug. Control of cracking due to temperature in structural concrete reinforced with CFRP bars. Composite Structures 64 (2004) 37–45
[15] 岳清瑞,我国碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)加固修复土木建筑结构技术研究应用现状与展望,中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集. 2000.6.中国北京.
[16] 叶列平,纤维增强塑料混凝土在土木工程中的应用综述,中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.2000.6.中国北京.
[17] 吴智深.FRP 复合材料在基础工程设施的增强和加固方面的现状与发展. 中国纤维增强塑料(FRP)混凝土结构学术交流会论文集.2000.6.中国北京.
[18] 丸山 武彥.新素材『FRP ロッド』とコンクリート.セメント·コンクリート.No.563.Jan.1994.
[19] 關 文夫等,カンチレバーケーブル炭素纖維補強材を用いた PC ラーメン橋，コンクリート工學,Vol.31,№.12,1993.12
[20] American Concrete Institute. Staye-of-the Rrport on Fiber Reinforced Plastic Reinforcement for Concrete Structures[R].Report No. ACI440R-96, Detroit, Michigan, 1996
[21] Bakht B et al. Canadian bridge design code provisions for Fiber-Reinforced Structures[J]. Journal of composites for construction.2000,Vol.4(1):3-15
[22] 何政、欧进萍,FRP 筋及配筋混凝土构件的力学性能与智能特性,第二届全国土木工程用纤维增强复合材料(FRP)应用技术学术交流论文集,2002.7(昆明)
[23] Roko K, Boothby TE,Bakis CE. Failure modes of sheet bonded fiber reinforced polymer applied to brick masonry. Proceedings of the 4th Int. Symp. FRPRCS, SP-188-65,ACI International, p.751-765,1999.11.
[24] American Concrete Institute.Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Reinforced with FRP Bars[R].Report No.ACI440R-01,Detroit,Michigan,2001
[25] Uomoto T. Durability of FRP as Reinforcement for Concrete Structures[C]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures,ACMBS-3,J.L. Humar and A. G. Razaqpur, eds., Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Montreal, Quebec, 2000
[26] Kupke M et al.Non-destructive Testing of FRP by D.C.and A.C. Electrical Methods.Composites Science and Technology,2001.Vol.61,pp.837-847
[27] Masmoud R,Benmokrane B and Chaallal O. Cracking Behavior of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Plastic Rebars[J]. Canada Journal of Civil Engineering,1996,Vol.23,pp.1172-1179
[28] Saafi M and Toutanji H. Flexural Behavior of Prestressed Concrete Beams Reinforced with Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer(AFRP) Rectangular Tendons[J].Construction & Building Materials. 1998, Vol.12, pp.245-249
[29] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁正截面性能的试验研究,工业建筑,2001.9
[30] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋混凝土的粘结机理及锚固长度的计算方法,水利学报,2000.11
[31] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋混凝土梁受力性能的试验研究,工业建筑,1999.12
[32] 张新越,FRP 筋及其混凝土构件的力学性能与感知性能[硕士学位论文],哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2002.9
[33] S. Kocaoza, V.A. Samaranayakeb, A. Nannia, Tensile characterization of glass FRP bars. Composites: Part B 36 (2005) 127–134
[34] Y.C. Wang , P.M.H. Wong , V. Kodur. An experimental study of the mechanicalproperties of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) and steel reinforcing bars at elevated temperatures. Composite Structures xxx (2006) xxx–xxx
[35] Charles W Dolan. FRP Presstressing in the USA[J ] . Concrete International 1999, 21(10) : 33-36.
[36] Yamaguchi T; Kato Y; Nishimura T and Uomoto T. Creep Rupture of FRP Rods Made of Aramid, Carbon and Glass Fiber [C]. Proceedings of the Third International Sympo siumon Non-Metallic(FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structure (FRPRCS-3), Japan Concrete Institute, Sapporo, Japan, Vol.2, 1997.
[37] Curtis P T. The Fatigue Behavior of Fibrous Composite Materials[J]. Journal of Strain Analysis, 1998,24,(4):235-244
[38] Odagiri T; Matsumoto K and Nakai H. Fatigue and Relaxation Characteristics of Continuous Aramid Fiber Reinforced PlasticRods[C]. Third International Symposiumon Non-Metallic(FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structure (FRPRCS-3), Japan Concrete Institute Sapporo, Japan, 1997, Vol.2, pp.227-234.
[39] Kanakubo T , Yonemaru K,Fukuyama H. et al. Bond performance of concrete members reinforced with FRP bars[J ] . Proc. Int . Symp. On Fiber Reinforced Plastic Reinforcement for Concrete Structure. ACI SP - 138 ,1993.
[40] Makitani E , Irisawa I ,Nishiura N. Investigation of bond in concretemember with fibre reinforced polymer bars. Internationan symposium fibre - reinforced - plastic reinforcement for concrete structures ,ACI SP - 138 ,1993 :315 - 331.
[41] Nanni A ,Al - Zaharani M. Bond of FRP reinforcement to concrete experimental results. Proc. 2nd Int . RIL EM Symp ,1995.
[42] E Cosenza , G Manfredi , R Realfonzo. Development Length of FRP Straight Rebars [J].Composites : PartB ,2002 ,33 :493-504.
[43]Eligehausen R, Popov,EP, Bertero VV. Local bond stress–slip relationships of deformed bars under generalized excitations. Report no. 83/23, EERC, University of California, Berkeley; 1983.
[44]Chaallal O, Benmokrane B. Pullout and bond of glass-fibre rods embedded in concrete and cement grout. Mater Struct 1993;26.
[45]Hattori A, Inoue S, Miyagawa T, Fujii MA. Study on bond creep behavior of FRP rebars embedded in concrete. In: Taerwe L, editor Proceedings of the Second International RILEM Symposium (FRPRCS-2), Ghent, Belgium; 1995.
[46]Karlsson M. Bond between C-Bar FRP reinforcement and concrete, Chalmers University of Technology, Pub. No.98:3, Work No. 22. Graduation Thesis: E-91:1, Goteborg, Sweden; 1997.
[47] Zaki IMahmoud. Transfer and development lengths of carbon fiber reinforcedpolymers p restressing reinforcement [ J ]. ACI Structural Journal, 1999, 96 (4) : 594-602.
[48] J M Lees. Transfer bound stresses generated between FRP tendons and concrete [ J ]. Magazine of Concrete Research. 1999, 51 ( 4) :229-239.
[49] 高丹盈,纤维聚合物筋与混凝土的粘结性能的影响因素,工业建筑,2001.2
[50] Vistasp M.Karbhari. WTEC Monograph on Use of Composite Materials in Civil Infrastructure in Japen, ITRI word Technology Division.1998.8
[51] JSCE. Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structures Using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials. Published by Research Committee Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials, JSCE. JAPAN. Oct,1997.
[52] Giuseppe B., Guimaraes and Aellington F. Araujo. Strain concentration at ary-joints of segmental concrete beam prestressed with external aramid tendons. FRPRCS5:681-688, London, 2001
[53] Raafat El2Hacha. Strengthening concrete beams with externally prestressed carbon fiber composite cables [A ]. FRPRC25 [ C ] , Thomas Telford London, 2001.
[54] Houssam, Toutany. Performance of concrete beams prestressed with aramid fiber reinforced polymer tendons[ J ]. Composite Structures, 1999, 44: 63-70.
[55] H. A. Abdalla. Evaluation of deflection in concrete members reinforced with Fibre Reinforced Polyme(FRP) Bars[J ] . Elsevier Science Publishers - Composite Structures ,2002 (56) :63 - 71.
[56] Brown V L ,Barthdomew C L. Glass reinforcement in concrete members[J ] . Concrete International ,1992 ,14 (9) :23 - 27.
[57] Steckel GL , Hawkins G F , and Bauer J L. Environ mental durability of composites for seismic retrofit of bridge columns. Proceedings of NIST Workshop on Standards develop for the Use of Fiber Reinforced Polymers for the Rehabilitation of Concrete and Masonry Structures. Tucson ,Arizona :January 1998 (1- 8) :83-96
[58] 谷木谦介. 关于混凝土结构修复补强工程中碳纤维片的耐久性能. 特希达碳纤维修复补强技术报告.
[59] R Falabella , J Neuner. Environmental Durability and Resin Stoichiometry Studies of TYFO S High Strength Column Wrapping System , Report for Hexcel Tyfe Co. ,1993
[60]Somjai Kajorncheappunngam, Rakesh k Gupta, Hota v s. Effect of aging enviroment on degradation of glass - reinforced epoxy. Journal of Composites For Construction ,2002 ;6(1) :61 - 69
[61] 叶列平,冯鹏, FRP 在工程结构中的应用与发展,土木工程学报,2006.3,p24-36
[62] 曾宪桃,车惠民.复合材料FRP 在桥梁工程中的应用及其前景[ J].桥梁建设, 2000,(2): 66-70
[63] 叶列平. FRP 加固混凝土结构设计方法[ C] // 第二届纤维增强塑料及工程应用学术交流会论文集. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2002: 67-73
[64] Sonobe Y, Fukuyama H, Okamoto T, et al. Design guidelines of FRP reinforced concrete building structures[ J] . Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 1997, 1 (3): 90- 115
[65] 冯鹏, 叶列平. GFRP 空心板静载试验研究及分析[ J].工业建筑,2004,34(4):15-18+27
[66] Keller T. Fibre Reinforced Polymer Materials in Building Construction [ C/CD] //Proc. ABSE Symposium. Melbourne, Australia: IABSE, 2002
[67] 汤国栋, 汤羽, 冯广占. 中国GRP/COM桥梁的研究与实践[ J] . 成都科技大学学报,1995, (6): 69- 80
[68] Sekijima K, Ogisako E, Miyata K, et al. Analytical study on flexural behavior of GFRP -concrete composite beam[ C] //Proc. the International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering. Hong Kong, China: Elsevier Science Ltd,2001:1363- 1370
[69] Canning L, Hollaway L, Thorne A M. An investigation of the composite action of an FRP/concrete prismatic beam[ J] . Construction and Building Materials, 1999, 13: 417- 426
[70]Van Erp G, Heldt T, Mccormick L. Development of aninnovative fibre composite deck unit bridge [ C/CD] // Proc.IABSE Symposium. Melbourne, Australia: IABSE, 2002
[71] Fam A, Rizkalla S. Large scale testing and analysis ofhybrid concrete/composite tubes for circular beam-columnapplications [ J] . Construction and Building Materials,2003, 17: 507- 516
[72] Mirmiran A, Samaan M, Cabrera S, et al. Design, manufacture and testing of a new hybrid column[ J] . Construction and building materials, 1998, 12 (1): 39- 49
[73] Mirmiran A, Shao Y, Shahawy M. Analysis and field tests on the performance of composite tubes under pile driving impact[ J] . Composite Structures, 2002, 55: 127- 135
[74] Burgueno R, Davol A, Zhao L, et al. Flexural behavior of hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete beam/slab bridge component [ J] . ACI Structural Journal, 2004,101 (2) :228- 236
[75] Yang Q S, Qin Q H, Zheng D H. Analytical and numerical investigation of interfacial stresses of FRP-concrete hybrid structure[ J] . Composite Structures, 2002, 57: 221- 226
[76] Davol A, BurguenoR, Seible F. Flexural behavior of circular concrete filled FRP shells [ J] . Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2001, 127 (7): 810- 817
[77] Teng JG, Yao J. Self-weight buckling of FRP tubes filled with wet concrete [ J] . Thin-walled Structures, 2000, 38 (4): 337- 353
[78] Meier U. 关于在直布罗陀海峡最窄处建造碳纤维增强复合材料桥的建议[ J] . 李正仁译. 国外桥梁, 1990, (4) : 45- 50
[79] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋粘结锚固性能的试验研究,工业建筑,1999.12
[80] 薛伟辰,纤维塑料筋在混凝土结构中的应用,工业建筑,1999.2
[81] 李趁趁,高丹盈,朱海堂,纤维聚合物筋混凝土梁正截面性能的研究,郑州大学学报,2004.4
[82]李趁趁,纤维增强塑料筋混凝土梁正截面受力性能研究[硕士学位论文],郑州:郑州大学,2002 年 5 月
[83]蒋 薇,FRP 筋混凝土受弯构件的试验数值分析[硕士学位论文],南京:河海大学,1999 年 11 月
[84]谢晶晶,纤维增强塑料筋锚杆锚固机理及设计方法的研究[硕士学位论文],郑州:郑州大学,2002 年 5 月
[85]王伟,玻璃钢筋混凝土梁的计算理论与实验研究[硕士学位论文],武汉:武汉理工大学,2004 年 7 月
[86]曾德光,FRP 筋混凝土梁的受弯性能试验研究和理论分析[硕士学位论文],南京:东南大学,2005 年 4 月
[87] 茅卫兵,混凝土结构中新型钢筋代用材料 FRP 筋的配筋试验研究[硕士学位论文],南京:河海大学,1998 年 11 月
[88] 彭亚萍, 徐新生, 初风荣,连续玻璃纤维筋的基本力学性能研究,房材与应用,第28卷第3期,2000年6月
[89] 初凤荣,彭亚萍,徐新生,黄博升,FRP型材的静力试验设计,山东建材,2001.2
[90] 徐新生,宋时言,王铁成,FRP 筋力学性能研究,建筑结构学报,2006(增)229-233
[91] Kretsis G. A review of the tensile, compressive, flexural and shear properties of hybrid fibre-reinforced plastics. Composites 1987;18(1):13–23.
[92] 宋焕成,张佐光,混杂纤维复合材料(M),北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,1989 年
[93] Jones KD, DiBenedetto AT. Fiber fracture in hybrid composite systems. Compos Sci Technol 1994;51(1):53–62.
[94]Phillips LN. The hybrid effect-does it really exist? Composites 1976;7(1):7-8.
[95]Bakis CE, Nanni A, Terosky JA, Koehler SW. Self-monitoring, pseudo-ductile, hybrid FRP reinforcement rods for concrete applications. Compos Sci Technol 2001;61(6):815-23.
[96]Young-Jun You, Young-Hwan Park,Hyeong-Yeol Kim, Ji-Sun Par. Hybrid effect on tensile properties of FRP rods with various material compositions. Composite Structures xxx (2006).
[97]Yujin L, Changsen S, Farhad A. Acoustic emission characterization of damage in hybrid fiber-reinforced polymer rods. J Compos Constr 2004;8(1):70-8.
[98]Antonio F. Barbosa, Gabriel O. Ribeiro. Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Structures. Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model. Computational Mechanics,1998
[99]Damian kachlakev,Thomas Miller, Solomon Yim. Finite Element Modeling of Reinfireced Concrete Structures Strengthened with FRP Laminates. Final Report,2003. 5
[100] ANSYS Theory Reference, Electronic Release IP, Inc., 1998
[101] ANS YS 高级技术分析指南,ANSYS 中国,2000.1
[102]Bazant Z P. et.al.. Task Committee on Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete
[103]康清梁,钢筋混凝土有限元分析.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1996
[104]过镇海,钢筋混凝土原理.北京:清华大学出版社,1999
[105]朱伯龙,董振样,钢筋混凝土有限元分析.上海:同济大学出版社,1985
[106]过镇海, 混凝土的强度和变形,试验基础和本构关系.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[107]陈惠发 A. F.萨里普,土木工程材料的本构方程.武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2001. 5
[108]Ngo D, Scordelis A C. Finite element analysis of reinforced concrete members, Journal of ACI, 1967, 64(3): 411-416
[109] Benmokrane B, Chaallal O, Masmoudi R. Flexural response of concrete beams reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars. ACI Struct J 1996; 93(1):46–55.
[110]Al-Salloum A Y, Alsayed HS, Almusallam HT, Amjad AM. Some design considerations for concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. In: Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani RM, editors. Proceedings of first international conference on composites in infrastructure, Tucson (AZ); 1996. p. 318–31.
[111]国家标准:《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010-2002)
[112]徐新生,张玉敏,王铁成,FRP 筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究,建筑结构学报,2006(增)237-242
[113]徐新生,彭亚萍,王铁成,两种以上纤维复合 FRP 筋混杂效应分析,建筑结构学报,2006(增)234-236
[114]JSCE. "Recommendation for Design and Construction of Concrete Structure Using Continuous Fiber Reinforcing M aterials" .Published by Research Committee on Continuous Fiber Reinforcing Materials, JSCE. JPAN. Oct, 1997
[115]Houssam T outanji, Yong Deng,Deflection and crack-width prediction of concrete beams reinforced with glass FRP rods. Construction and Building Materials 17 (2003) 69–74.
[116]Al-Salloum A Y, Alsayed HS, Almusallam HT, Amjad AM. Some design considerations for concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. In: Saadatmanesh H, Ehsani RM, editors. Proceedings of first international conference on composites in infrastructure, Tucson (AZ); 1996. p. 318–31.
[117]Zenon Achillides, Kypros Pilakoutas. Bond behavior of fiber reinforced Polymer bars under direct pullout conditions[J]. Journal of Composites For Constructure, 2004, 8(2): 173 -181.
[118]Abdalla HA, El-Badry MM, Rizkalla SH. Deflection of concrete slabs reinforced with advanced composite materials. In: Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures, August 1996; Montreal, Canada, 1996. p. 201–8.
[119]Toutanji HA, Saafi M. Deflection and crack width predictions of concrete beams reinforced with fibre reinforced polymer bars. In: Fibre reinforced polymer reinforcement for concrete structures, SP-188. Detroit: American Concrete Institute; 1999.
[120]Pecce M, Manfredi G, Cosenza E. Experimental reponse and code models of GFRP RC beams in bending. J Compos Construct, ASCE 2000; 4(4):182-90.
[121]Pesic N, Pilakoutas K. Simplified design guidelines for FRP einforced conrete beams in flexure. In:Proceeding of the 5th International Conference on Fiber-Reinforced Plastic for Reinforced Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-5, July 2001; Cambridge,UK,2001.P.177-86.
[122]ISIS Canada: Design Manual 3. Reinforcing concrete structures with fiber reinforced polymers. The Canadian Network of Centers of Excellence on Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, September 2001. 207 p.
[123]H.A.Abdalla Evaluation of deflection inconcrete members reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer bars. Composite Structures 56(2002).63-71.
[124]Toutanji H, Saafi M. Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. ACI Struct J 2000;97(5):712–9.
[125]高丹盈,朱海堂,李趁趁.纤维增强塑料筋混凝土梁受弯性能的计算方法. 郑州大学学报(工学版),2003 年 3 月,第 24 卷 第 1 期.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |