新疆巩留特克斯达坂一带断裂构造特征及地质意义
摘要
断裂构造是陆内地壳变形的重要表现。近年来,国内外许多地质专家对我国大陆内部断裂构造进行了大量卓有成效的工作。这些成果为我们研究我国大陆内部变形提供了重要素材,也使对整个中国大陆进行系统的几何学、运动学和动力学研究成为可能。
本论文以新疆巩留县特克斯达坂一带1:5万区域地质矿产调查项目为基础,通过野外区域地质矿产调查,以研究区内主要断裂构造为重点,调查其产状、性质、规模及有关运动学、动力学等特征,探讨区内断裂形成机制演化规律及其对尔戈带金矿的控制作用。论文的主要结论和认识总结起来有以下几点:
1.详细研究了区内断裂构造的宏观特征,主要内容包括断裂产状、性质、规模、组合规律和运动学特征。
2.详细研究了区内断裂构造的显微构造特征,包括显微裂隙、波状消光、变形条带、变形纹、亚颗粒、动态重结晶颗粒等,并对其形成机制进行了初步解析。
3.对研究区内主要构造岩石分别进行了石英、方解石c轴组构的测定、成图及分析。组构图主要有小圆环带型、极密型和小圆环带加点极密型。表明研究区经受过了多期(次)构造运动。
4.结合研究区域构造演化,运用构造解析方法和岩组分析等确立了各类构造变形样式,建立了区内变形期次和变形序列,划分出三期变形:第一期以韧一脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈316°∠70°。第二期以脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈236°∠30°。第三期以脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈126°∠19°。
5.研究区共有43条断裂构造,依据方向可以分为六个组:近E-W向断裂组、NW向断裂组、NWW向断裂组、NE向断裂组、NEE向断裂组和近S-N向断裂组。其中,近E-W向断裂形成最早;NE向断裂组和NW向断裂组、NWW断裂组和NEE向断里组为中期构造运动的产物;近S-N向断裂组形成最晚。
6.对断裂构造进行有限应变测量后得出:变形类型为平面应变,即挤压逆冲作用,属于压扁型。
7.探讨了研究区断裂构造的地质意义以及其对矿产的控制作用。在尔戈带发现,NW向断裂与NEE向韧性剪切带、近E-W向断裂三者的交汇部位是金矿富集的有利部位。
Faulting tectonics are important expression of intra-continental crustal deformation. A lot of geo-scientists of different counties have done lots of fruitful work on the China continent and got lots of quantitative data about faulting tectonics. All these data obtained by previous researchers make it possible to study the geometrics kinematics and dynamics of china continent systematically with quantitative methods.
The thesis is based on the geological survey of 1:50000 regional mineral around the hills between gongliu and tekesi in xinjiang province. With the outdoor survey of regional geological mineral, we traverse the main faulting tectonics, surveying the mode of occurrence, the character, the scale and carrying out the detailed collection of files involving characteristics of kinetics and characteristics of dynamics to discuss the evolutional history of faulting tectonics and the metallogenic regularity about erge zone in the area.
The main conclusions of the thesis are described below:
1. It traverse the characteristics the macrostructures of faulting tectonics, mainly including faulting tectonics' mode of occurrence, character, dimensions, and the characteristics of kinetics.
2. It traverses the characteristics of the microstructures of faulting tectonics, including wavy extinction, deformation bands deformation lamellae, subgrains, dynamically recrystallization grains etc, and also studies their forming mechanisms in primary.
3. The orientations of the quartz and calcspar c-axis of main tectonic rocks, quartz-vein and ore in the field are measured separately. The petrofabric diagram types have small circle girdle style, maximum style and combination style of small circle and maximum. It indicates that the section have undergone multistage shear action.
4. The thesis researches kinds of modality of tectonic distortion, establishes the phase of deformation about researching area based on researching the tectonic evolution once occurred in the area, using structure analysis and petrofablic analysis. It is divided into 3 stages of deformation: The first stage is the ductile to brittle deformation, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈316o∠70°. The second stage is the brittle deformation, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈236°∠30°. The third stage is the brittle deformation too, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈126°∠19°.
5. There are 43 faulting tectonics in the researching area, divided 6 direction faults: the E-W-trending faults, NW faults, NWW faults, NE faults, NEE faults and WN faults. The EW-trending faults is resulted from the earliest tectonic movements; NE faults and NW faults, NEE faults and NEE faults are the middle tectonic movements; S-N-trending faults is resulted from the latest tectonic movements.
6. According to finite strain measurement about faulting tectonics, the conclusions is that deformation type is plane, compression and thrusting, belonging to stave.
7. The thesis discusses the geological significance of fractures in the researching area and the connection between fractures and minerals .We can find that gold mine distributes in the neighborhood of the NW fracture, which joined with the NEE ductile shear zones and E-W-trending faults, and gold enriched in the joins.
本论文以新疆巩留县特克斯达坂一带1:5万区域地质矿产调查项目为基础,通过野外区域地质矿产调查,以研究区内主要断裂构造为重点,调查其产状、性质、规模及有关运动学、动力学等特征,探讨区内断裂形成机制演化规律及其对尔戈带金矿的控制作用。论文的主要结论和认识总结起来有以下几点:
1.详细研究了区内断裂构造的宏观特征,主要内容包括断裂产状、性质、规模、组合规律和运动学特征。
2.详细研究了区内断裂构造的显微构造特征,包括显微裂隙、波状消光、变形条带、变形纹、亚颗粒、动态重结晶颗粒等,并对其形成机制进行了初步解析。
3.对研究区内主要构造岩石分别进行了石英、方解石c轴组构的测定、成图及分析。组构图主要有小圆环带型、极密型和小圆环带加点极密型。表明研究区经受过了多期(次)构造运动。
4.结合研究区域构造演化,运用构造解析方法和岩组分析等确立了各类构造变形样式,建立了区内变形期次和变形序列,划分出三期变形:第一期以韧一脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈316°∠70°。第二期以脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈236°∠30°。第三期以脆性变形为主,最大主应力方向为σ1≈126°∠19°。
5.研究区共有43条断裂构造,依据方向可以分为六个组:近E-W向断裂组、NW向断裂组、NWW向断裂组、NE向断裂组、NEE向断裂组和近S-N向断裂组。其中,近E-W向断裂形成最早;NE向断裂组和NW向断裂组、NWW断裂组和NEE向断里组为中期构造运动的产物;近S-N向断裂组形成最晚。
6.对断裂构造进行有限应变测量后得出:变形类型为平面应变,即挤压逆冲作用,属于压扁型。
7.探讨了研究区断裂构造的地质意义以及其对矿产的控制作用。在尔戈带发现,NW向断裂与NEE向韧性剪切带、近E-W向断裂三者的交汇部位是金矿富集的有利部位。
Faulting tectonics are important expression of intra-continental crustal deformation. A lot of geo-scientists of different counties have done lots of fruitful work on the China continent and got lots of quantitative data about faulting tectonics. All these data obtained by previous researchers make it possible to study the geometrics kinematics and dynamics of china continent systematically with quantitative methods.
The thesis is based on the geological survey of 1:50000 regional mineral around the hills between gongliu and tekesi in xinjiang province. With the outdoor survey of regional geological mineral, we traverse the main faulting tectonics, surveying the mode of occurrence, the character, the scale and carrying out the detailed collection of files involving characteristics of kinetics and characteristics of dynamics to discuss the evolutional history of faulting tectonics and the metallogenic regularity about erge zone in the area.
The main conclusions of the thesis are described below:
1. It traverse the characteristics the macrostructures of faulting tectonics, mainly including faulting tectonics' mode of occurrence, character, dimensions, and the characteristics of kinetics.
2. It traverses the characteristics of the microstructures of faulting tectonics, including wavy extinction, deformation bands deformation lamellae, subgrains, dynamically recrystallization grains etc, and also studies their forming mechanisms in primary.
3. The orientations of the quartz and calcspar c-axis of main tectonic rocks, quartz-vein and ore in the field are measured separately. The petrofabric diagram types have small circle girdle style, maximum style and combination style of small circle and maximum. It indicates that the section have undergone multistage shear action.
4. The thesis researches kinds of modality of tectonic distortion, establishes the phase of deformation about researching area based on researching the tectonic evolution once occurred in the area, using structure analysis and petrofablic analysis. It is divided into 3 stages of deformation: The first stage is the ductile to brittle deformation, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈316o∠70°. The second stage is the brittle deformation, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈236°∠30°. The third stage is the brittle deformation too, the direction of the largest main stress isσ_1≈126°∠19°.
5. There are 43 faulting tectonics in the researching area, divided 6 direction faults: the E-W-trending faults, NW faults, NWW faults, NE faults, NEE faults and WN faults. The EW-trending faults is resulted from the earliest tectonic movements; NE faults and NW faults, NEE faults and NEE faults are the middle tectonic movements; S-N-trending faults is resulted from the latest tectonic movements.
6. According to finite strain measurement about faulting tectonics, the conclusions is that deformation type is plane, compression and thrusting, belonging to stave.
7. The thesis discusses the geological significance of fractures in the researching area and the connection between fractures and minerals .We can find that gold mine distributes in the neighborhood of the NW fracture, which joined with the NEE ductile shear zones and E-W-trending faults, and gold enriched in the joins.
引文
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[3]陈柏林.构造变形类型与金矿化类型的关系[J].世界地质.2000,19(3):217-239
[4]陈哲夫,梁云海.新疆多旋回构造与板块运动[J].新疆地质,1991,9(2):95-107
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