用户名: 密码: 验证码:
逆境条件下黄瓜苗期性状配合力和遗传规律的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
本研究以黄瓜自交系51、52、53、58、69、70为亲本,按GriffingⅡ配制组合为试验材料;在低温弱光条件下对黄瓜苗期性状的配合力和遗传规律进行了研究。研究结果表明:
    1.在15℃/7℃(昼/夜)、80μmol·m-2·s-1和保护地逆境条件下,材料间黄瓜苗期性状差异达到显著水平。
    2.SOD活性和Pro含量的遗传以非加性效应为主;MDA含量、可溶性糖含量和电导率的遗传以加性效应为主;加性和非加性效应对各形态性状的遗传均起作用。
    3.理化性状的配合力分析表明,A1、A5 多数理化性状的GCA效应和SCA方差均较高,组合B1多数理化性状的 SCA效应高。形态性状的配合力分析表明,A3 形态性状的GCA效应高,A6 各形态性状的SCA方差高,A1多数形态性状的 GCA效应和SCA方差均较高,组合B1多数形态性状的 SCA效应高。本研究获得较好的自交系A1和组合B1。
    4. MDA含量、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、Pro含量和Ec的广义遗传力分别为81.17%、89.12%、55.60%、51.42%、53.66%,狭义遗传力分别为66.27%、0、14.35%、0和19.28%;各形态性状的广义遗传力均在70%以上,除子叶面积的狭义遗传力为30.58%外,其它形状性状的狭义遗传力均为0。
    5. 除MDA含量外,其它性状均不能满足加性-显性模型;MDA含量的加性遗传效应大于显性遗传效应,以加性效应为主,表现为部分显性;MDA含量的显性基因为增效基因。
In this research using the cucumber inbred lines(51、52、53、58、69、70) as parents, a set of diallel crosses were made according to Griffing Ⅱ to study the combining ability and genetic law of characters during seedling stage on cucumber under low temperature and low light. The following are the results:
    1.The difference of characters of parents and crosses during seedling stage on cucumber was significant under the conditions of 15℃/7℃(day/night)and the light of 80 μmol·m-2·s-1.
    2.The inheritance of the SOD activity and Pro content was mainly controlled by non-additive effect;The inheritance of the MDA content、free sugars and electric conductivity was mainly controlled by additive effect; The inheritance of the morphological characters was controlled by additive effect and non-additive effect.
    3.The analysis of combining ability of physiological and biochemical characters showed that the GCA effect of most physiological and biochemical characters and variance of SCA of the inbred lines(A1、A5) were high and that the SCA effect of most physiological and biochemical characters of the cross(B1)were high.The analysis of combining ability of morphological characters showed that the GCA effect of morphological characters was high,that the variance of SCA of the morphological characters of A6 was high,that the GCA effect and the variance of SCA of most morphological characters of A1 were high and that the SCA effect of most morphological characters of B1 was high.In this research the better inbred lines(A1) and the better cross(B1) were gained.
    4.The broad heritability of MDA content、SOD activity、free sugars、Pro content and Ec was respectively 81.17%、89.12%、55.60%、51.42%、53.66% and the narrow heritability was respectively 66.27%、0、14.35%、0和19.28%.The broad heritability of the morphological characters was above 70%;The narrow heritability of cotyledon area was 30.58% and the narrow heritability of the other morphological characters was almost 0 .
    5.Except the MDA content,the other characters do not accord with addition-dominance model. The additive effect of MDA content was more than dominant effect; The inheritance of MDA content was mainly controlled by additive effect, and the inheritance of MDA content was partly dominant. The dominant genes were enhancive genes.
引文
1.侯锋,沈文云,吕淑珍.黄瓜幼苗耐寒性鉴定方法研究.中国主要蔬菜抗病育种进展.北京:科学出版社,1995.474~477.
    2.Lower,R.L.,1975,Mesurement and selection for cold tolerance in cucumber.Pickle Pac Sci,4:8~1.
    3.Wehner,T.C.1981,Screening for lower-temperature germination ability in cucumber,Hortscience.16(3):379(Abstr)
    4.Wehner, T. C., 1982, Genetic Variation for low temperature germination ability in cucumber cucurbit Genet. C Crop. Rept.,5:16~17.
    5.王勇.番茄耐低温鉴定方法的研究及种质资源的筛选鉴定,东北农业大学硕士论文,1996.
    6.邹志荣,陆帼一.辣椒种子萌发期耐冷性鉴定,西北农业大学学报,1995,23(1):30~34.
    7.朱其杰,高守云,蔡洙湖,等.黄瓜耐冷性鉴定及遗传规律的研究.中国主要蔬菜抗病育种进展.北京:科学出版社,1995.457~462.
    8.于拴仓,崔鸿文,孟换文.黄瓜发芽期耐低温性鉴定方法与指标的研究.西北农业大学学报,2000,28(3):1~6.
    9.郭凤鸣.弱光条件下化瓜的生长解析.吉林农业大学学报,1990,12(1):32~35.
    10.李长缨,朱其杰.光强对黄瓜光合特性及亚适温下生长的影响. 园艺学报,1997,24(1):97~99
    11.Yahya B.Awang Growth and fruiting responses of strawberry plant grown on rockwool to shading and salinity.Scientia Horticulturae,1995,62:25∽31.
    12.孙小镭等.黄瓜耐寒耐阴特性人工鉴定方法研究.植物生理学报,1994,4(2):60~637.
    13.李长缨,朱其杰.光强对黄瓜光合特性及亚适温下生长的影响 园艺学报,1997,24(1):97~99.
    14.朱其杰,高守云,蔡洙湖等,黄瓜耐冷性鉴定指标及遗传规律的研究,见:李树德主编:中国主要蔬菜抗病育种进展 北京科学出版社,1995,457~462.
    
    15.Keller M. Grape ripening and color development: interactions between light and nitrogen availability. Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on cool climate viticulture & enology, Rochester,New York,U.S.A,Ⅱ,1997: 79∽85.
    16.Koblet W. Stress and stress recovery by grapevines. Botanica Helvetica,1996,106(1):73~84.
    17.Beel E.,etal. Keepablity problems in the culture of phalaenopsis.Verbondsnieuws,1997,41(19):41∽43.
    18.J.Lorene Embry,etal. Leaf senescence of posproduction pomsetti as in low- light stress. J.Amer.Hort.Sci.,1994,119:1006~1013.
    19.郜凤梧等《黄瓜四季栽培》 北京:科学技术出版社,1994年11月
    20.Graham D.,Patterson B. D., 1982, Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol, 33:347~372.
    21.Levitt., 1980, Responses of plants to environmentl stress Vol, P:23~64,Academic Press, New York.
    22.何洁,刘鸿先等,低温与植物的光合作用,植物生理学通讯,1986(2):1~6.
    23.Brookong I.R., Tayior. A.O., 1973, Plant Physiol, 52:180~189.
    24.沈文云,不同耐黄瓜品种叶片表皮结构观察 天津农业科学,1992(2):15~16.
    25.王以柔,刘鸿先等,在光照和黑暗条件下低温对水稻幼苗光合器官膜脂过氧化作用的影响,植物生理学报,1986,12(3):244-251
    26.马德华等 弱光对黄瓜幼苗光合及膜脂过氧化作用的影响 河南农业大学学报 1998,32(1),3
    27.Van Hasseit Photo oxidation damage to the photosynthetic apparatus during chilling. Physiol. Plant, 1980,50:52~56.
    28.庞金安.黄瓜耐低温弱光生理生化机制及其鉴定指标的研究.山东农业大学硕士研究生论文,1996,8
    29.Lasley, S, E. Et al, 1979,After-effects of light and chilling temperatures on photosynthesis in excised cucumber cotolelons, J.Amer. Soc.For Hort. Sci. 104:477~480.
    30.曾韶西,王以柔,低温对黄瓜幼苗子叶光合强度和叶绿素荧光的影响,植物生理通讯,1989(4):12~
    
    
    15.
    31.Wilson. J. M., Leaf respiration of ATP levels at chilling temperatures. New Phytol. 1978,80:325~334.
    32.苏B.A.鲁滨编,谢淑珍,郑光华译,蔬菜和瓜类生理。农业出版社,1982,P:248.
    33.张福锁主编,环境胁迫与植物育种,农业出版社,1993.
    34.马德华等,黄瓜幼苗光合与呼吸特性研究,园艺学报,1997,24(4):397~398.
    35.曹锡清.膜脂过氧化对细胞与机体的作用,生物化学与生物物理学进展,1986(2):17~23.
    36.陈贵,胡文玉 提取植物体内MDA的溶剂及MDA作为衰老指标的探讨 植物生理学通讯 1991,27(1):44~46.
    37.沈文云,候峰,低温对杂交一代幼苗生理特性的影响,华北农学报,1995,10(1):56~59.
    38.陈少裕,膜脂过氧化与逆境胁迫,植物学通讯,1989,6(4):211~217.
    39.曾韶西,王以柔,低温胁迫对黄瓜子叶抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性和谷眺甘肽含量的影响,植物生理学报,1990,16(1):37~43.
    40.庞金安,低温对喜温植物膜脂过氧化的影响,天津农业科学,1997,13(2):39~44.
    41.曾韶西,王以柔,低温下黄瓜子叶硫氢基含量变化与膜脂过氧化,植物生理学报,1991,33(1):50~54.
    42.孙艳等,黄瓜耐冷性与超弱发光关系的初步研究,河北农业艺术师范学院学报,1997,11(3):51~53.
    43.刘鸿先,曾韶西等,低温对不同耐寒力的黄瓜幼苗子叶各细胞器中SOD的影响,植物生理学报,1985,11(1):48~57.
    44.马德华,卢育华,低温对黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化的影响,园艺学报. 1998,25( l): 61~64.
    45.Tachibana S. Effect of root temperature on rate of water and nutrient absorption in cycynber cultivars and figleaf gourd.J.Of the Jan. Soc.For Hort. Sci,1987,55:461~467.
    46.王孝宣,李树德,番茄品种耐寒性与ABA和可溶性糖含量的关系,园艺学报,1998,25(1):56~60.
    47.王荣富,植物抗寒指标的种类及其应用,植物生理学通讯,1987,(3):49~55.
    48.刘祖琪,王洪春主编,植物耐寒性及防寒技术,学术出版社出版,1990.
    49.刘洪先等,零上低温对不同耐寒力的亚热带植物过氧化物酶与酯酶同工酶的影响,植物生理学报,1981,
    
    
    7(4):337~341.
    50.杨阿明,沈征言,低温锻炼提高黄瓜幼苗耐寒性效应,园艺学报,1992(11):61~66.
    51.刘祖祺.植物抗性生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社.1994:371~372.
    52.姜卫兵 王业遴. 渗透保护物质在无花果抗寒性发育中的作用. 园艺学报,1992,019(004).371~372.
    53.郑小林 胡木林 等. 假俭草低温胁迫的伤害与适应. 草业科学.2002,19(7).55-57.
    54.李靖,利容千,袁文静.黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化.植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277~283.
    55.沈文云,黄瓜抗寒性鉴定指标及方法的研究。 西北农业大学硕士论文摘要.
    56.王富.番茄(lycopersicon esculentum)耐低温研究.东北农业大学学位论文.2001,6.
    57.铃木正一,育种学杂志(日),1982, 32(1):9~16.
    58.简令成等,湖南农业科学,1984, (1):21~22.
    59.简令成等,园艺学报,1986, 13(3):163~168.
    60.Powles,S.B.,Bjorkman,0., Planta., 1982,156:97.
    61.丁钟荣等.西北农学院学报,1982, (1):1~8.
    62.Wehner, T. C., 1984, Estimates of Heritabilities and variance components for low temperature germination ability in cucumber. J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci.109(5):664~667.
    63.Wehner,T.C. 1981,Screening for lower-pemperature germination ability in cucumber, Hortscience,16(3):379(Abstr.)
    64.Wehner,T.C.1982,Genetic Variation for low temperature gemination ability in cucumber cucurbit Genet.C Crop.Rept., 5:16~17.
    65.纪颖彪等,黄瓜种子低温发芽能力的配合力和遗传力分析,中国农业大学学报,1997,2(5):109~114
    66.顾兴芳等. 保护地黄瓜苗期性状的遗传分析,园艺学报,2002,29(5):443~446.
    67.Vande Dijk,S.J.etal., Theor.App.Genet., 1983, 66:241.
    68.Mock,J.J.etal., Corp.Sci., 1976, 16:230.
    69.Chapman,M.A., Diss.Abstr.Int.B., 1984, 45:13~43.
    
    70.Keim,K.R.,etal., Field Corps Res., 1984, 8:143.
    71.Maryam,B.etal., Euphytica, 1983, 32:791.
    72.Anon., Report of Rice Cold Tolerance Workshop, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, 1979, pp 112.
    73.Kwak,T.S.,etal., SABRAO.J., 1984,16:83.
    74.Blum,A., Agron.J., 1972,64:775.
    75.钱芝龙等.辣椒苗期耐寒性鉴定及相关性状的研究.江苏农业学报,55~58.
    76.Singh,s.p.,Can.J.Plant Sci., 1985, 65:251.
    77王永健等 黄瓜光补偿点与低温弱光耐受性关系初探 园 艺 学 报 1998,25(2):199~200.
    78.高之仁 数量遗传学 四川大学出版社 1986,12:316~338.
    79.金阳.1,2,3-三氯苯对水稻伤害机理及水稻耐性机制的研究.扬州大学硕士论文,2003.
    80.李合生.现代植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M],北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
    81.刘祖祺.植物抗性生理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社.1994:371~372.
    82.郭平仲.数量遗传分析[M],北京:北京师范学院出版社,1987: 293~299.
    83.K. 马瑟,J.L. 金克斯. 生统遗传学.科学出版社,1988.
    84.刘来福,毛盛贤,黄远樟. 作物数量遗传.北京:农业出版社,1984:125~149.
    85.陈世明,胡秉民,沈秋泉等.双列杂交分析中亲本特殊配合力方差的计算[J].生物数学学报, 1994,9(2):69~73.
    86.余叔文,汤章城.植物生理与分子生物学.科学出版社,1998,1:727~728.
    87.景士西.园艺植物育种学.中国农业出版社,2000,7:150~154.
    88.Wehner T C. Estimates of heritabilities and variance componet for low temperature germination ability in cucumber[J] . J . Amer. Soc . Hort . Sci,1984(109):664~666.
    89.乔春贵,王玉兰,禹航等.甜玉米籽实含糖量的配合力分析[J].遗传,1995,17(4):25~27.
    90.顾兴芳,方秀娟,张天明,董星华. 保护地黄瓜早期产量配合力分析.北方园艺,2001,5:1~2.
    91.潘瑞炽. 植物生理学.高等教育出版社.2002,5:280~281.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700