再生混凝土受压本构关系及其与钢筋间粘结滑移性能研究
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摘要
再生混凝土作为一种新型绿色建筑材料,在应用于结构工程实践之前仍需对其材料和结构性能进行大量研究,因此,本文以试验为主,结合理论方法,针对再生混凝土受压本构关系及钢筋—再生混凝土间的粘结滑移性能进行研究,主要完成了以下工作：
首先,分别采用放大镜及SEM扫描电镜观测了再生混凝土的组成及微观结构形貌,分析了再生混凝土组成结构及界面情况,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行再生混凝土的受力模拟分析,从细微观层次及受力机理方面寻找再生混凝土与普通混凝土材料的差异,提出本文研究的必要性。由微观试验及仿真分析可知,再生混凝土中各界面存在界面过渡区,且骨料—新砂浆界面以及新—旧砂浆界面在受载前已经存在明显裂纹,该部位为再生骨料混凝土的薄弱环节,加载后裂缝首先发生在旧界面,继而出现在新界面,然后发展到旧砂浆,最后由新旧界面联合旧砂浆发展演变成贯通裂缝。
其次,通过对中、高强再生混凝土单轴及常规三轴受压试验,获得不同强度、不同再生骨料取代率下的单轴及常规三轴受压应力—应变全曲线。发现单轴应力状态下,随着再生骨料取代率增加,再生混凝土峰值应力减小、峰值应变增加、初始切线模量逐渐减小；在常规三轴受力状态下,再生骨料和天然骨料破坏模式差别较大；随着围压的增大,应力—应变曲线下降段越来越平缓,且再生混凝土峰值应力与峰值应变随着围压的增大呈线性增长,其增长幅度大于普通混凝土。根据再生混凝土受压应力—应变曲线特点,建立再生混凝土单轴及常规三轴受压本构关系表达。通过计算、得到两种强度再生混凝土在不同围压情况下的压缩应变能密度和脆性指数,随着围压的增大,两种强度再生骨料混凝土的脆性指数均有降低趋势,当围压均达到约8MPa时,其脆性指数基本达到相同并保持不变。
然后,采用钢筋开槽内贴片方法,基于电化学原理,研究了钢筋锈蚀前后与再生混凝土间的粘结滑移性能,并建立相应的粘结—滑移本构关系τ=ψ(x)g(s)：
钢筋锈蚀前,随着再生骨料取代率的增加,粘结—滑移曲线峰值滑移量及峰值粘结强度均降低,且圆钢与再生混凝土间粘结强度约为螺纹钢粘结强度的1/4～1/7。相比普通混凝土而言,再生混凝土与钢筋粘结应力传递较快,粘结应力分布较均匀。针对再生混凝土与钢筋间粘结锚固位置函数ψ(x)特点,提出三折线粘结锚固位置函数模型,且平均粘结—滑移曲线g(s)采用两段式表达。
钢筋锈蚀后与再生混凝土间的平均粘结刚度显著退化,再生混凝土开裂后,钢筋与再生混凝土间平均粘结强度随着锈蚀率和取代率的增加呈下降趋势,但下降幅度不明显。钢筋锈蚀后与再生混凝土间粘结锚固位置函数曲线与钢筋锈蚀前有较大差异,曲线中后段粘结刚度逐渐上升并超过中前段而出现峰值,但仍采用三折线模型表达。
为了研究在实际弯、剪应力状态下钢筋锈蚀前后与再生混凝土间的粘结滑移性能,完成了12根钢筋—再生混凝土全梁式试验。试验发现：钢筋再生混凝土梁的破坏形态与普通钢筋混凝土梁相似,梁式试验粘结强度整体小于中心拉拔试验；钢筋再生混凝土梁极限粘结强度随再生粗骨料取代率、锈胀裂缝宽度的增加整体呈下降趋势；钢筋锈蚀前、后,再生混凝土梁锚固段内粘结应力分布规律比较类似,箍筋约束作用对再生混凝土锈胀开裂后粘结锚固位置函数影响较大。
最后,根据锚固可靠度设计方法及统计学原理,结合本文试验数据,同时统计甘前其它相关钢筋再生混凝土构件中心拉拔试验数据,计算出钢筋在再生混凝土材料中的锚固长度,并提出相应锚固长度设计建议。
As for recycled concrete is a new type of green building materials, there are still many properties needed to study before it's applied in structural engineering practice. Therefore, on the basis of experimental and theoretical method, the compression constitutive relationship and bond-slip properties of recycled concrete were studied in this thesis. The main contents are following:
Firstly, the magnifying glass and SEM were used for observation of composition and microstructure morphology for recycled aggregate concrete from mesoscopic and microscopic level, and the ABAQUS finite element software was used for stress simulation of recycled aggregate concrete. The recycled concrete's composition structure, interface and loading mechanism were analysed. Through the observation and analysis found that there were much differences between recycled concrete and ordinary concrete, the ITZ of aggregate-new mortar and new-old mortar existed obvious cracks before its loaded. After loading, the crack occurs first in the old interface, then appears in the new interface, and develops to the old mortar, finally the cracks connected, so it's necessary to study the properties of recycled concrete.
Secondly, the whole stress-strain curve test under uniaxial and conventional triaxial stress were conducted, and found that with the increase of recycled concrete replacement rate, the peak strain increase but peak stress and initial tangent modulus decrease gradually under uniaxial stress. In the conventional triaxial stress state, recycled coarse aggregate and ordinary aggregate damage pattern vary greatly, with the increase of confining pressure, the stress-strain curve descending segment was more smooth,the peak stress and peak strain of recycled concrete increases linearly, and its growth rate higher than that of normal concrete.The compressive constitutive relations of recycled concrete under uniaxial and conventional three axis state were established according to the characteristics of stress-strain curves.The compression strain energy density and brittleness index of two strength of recycled aggregate concrete under different confining pressure were calculated, the results showed that, with the increase of confining pressure, the two kind of strength of recycled aggregate concrete brittleness indexs decreased, when the confining pressure reached at about8MPa, its brittleness index achieve the same and remain unchanged.
Thirdly, bond-slip properties of reinforced recycled concrete were studied which contains the corrosion condition on the based of the inner-embedded strain-gauge method and electrochemical principle, and the corresponding bond-slip constitutive relationship was established as τ-ψ(x)g(s).Through the study found that:
With the increased of recycled aggregate replacement rate, the peak slip and the peak strength of bond-slip curve decreased. And the bond strength between round steel and recycled concrete was about1/4～1/7of the strength between screw steel and recycled concrete. Compared to ordinary reinforced concrete, the bond stress of reinforced recycled concrete transfered faster,and its distribution was more homogeneous, the growth of bond stress in the free end was greater. We presented three lines of bond position function model combined with the Characteristic of reinforced recycled concrete position curve, and g(s) was expressed by piecewise function.
The average bond stiffness between corroded steel bar and recycled concrete degraded significantly, but once the recycled concrete cracking, as the corrosion rate and recycled aggregate replacement increased, the average bond stiffness decline rate was not obvious. The bond position function curv of corroded reinforced recycled concrete was difference to ordinary reinforced recycled concrete, and the bond stiffness of anchorage posterior segment increased gradually and exceed the front stiffness, then reach the peak, but the three line model is still valid.
Then,12reinforced recycled concrete beam tests were completed which were used to study the bond-slip performance in the actual bending and shear stress state.The test results showed that,the failure modes and bond stress distribution curve of corroded reinforced recycled concrete beams were similar to reinforced recycled concrete and ordinary reinforced concrete beams, but the bond strength of the beam test were less than the simple drawing test,and stirrup played an important role on the anchorage position function of recycled concrete. The ultimate bond strength of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete beams overall declined with the increased of recycled aggregate replacement and corrosion rate.
Finally, according to the anchoring reliability design method and principle of statistics, based on the statistics of related experimental data, this thesis calculated the anchorage length of reinforced recycled concrete, and proposed the corresponding suggestions for anchorage length design.
首先,分别采用放大镜及SEM扫描电镜观测了再生混凝土的组成及微观结构形貌,分析了再生混凝土组成结构及界面情况,并利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行再生混凝土的受力模拟分析,从细微观层次及受力机理方面寻找再生混凝土与普通混凝土材料的差异,提出本文研究的必要性。由微观试验及仿真分析可知,再生混凝土中各界面存在界面过渡区,且骨料—新砂浆界面以及新—旧砂浆界面在受载前已经存在明显裂纹,该部位为再生骨料混凝土的薄弱环节,加载后裂缝首先发生在旧界面,继而出现在新界面,然后发展到旧砂浆,最后由新旧界面联合旧砂浆发展演变成贯通裂缝。
其次,通过对中、高强再生混凝土单轴及常规三轴受压试验,获得不同强度、不同再生骨料取代率下的单轴及常规三轴受压应力—应变全曲线。发现单轴应力状态下,随着再生骨料取代率增加,再生混凝土峰值应力减小、峰值应变增加、初始切线模量逐渐减小；在常规三轴受力状态下,再生骨料和天然骨料破坏模式差别较大；随着围压的增大,应力—应变曲线下降段越来越平缓,且再生混凝土峰值应力与峰值应变随着围压的增大呈线性增长,其增长幅度大于普通混凝土。根据再生混凝土受压应力—应变曲线特点,建立再生混凝土单轴及常规三轴受压本构关系表达。通过计算、得到两种强度再生混凝土在不同围压情况下的压缩应变能密度和脆性指数,随着围压的增大,两种强度再生骨料混凝土的脆性指数均有降低趋势,当围压均达到约8MPa时,其脆性指数基本达到相同并保持不变。
然后,采用钢筋开槽内贴片方法,基于电化学原理,研究了钢筋锈蚀前后与再生混凝土间的粘结滑移性能,并建立相应的粘结—滑移本构关系τ=ψ(x)g(s)：
钢筋锈蚀前,随着再生骨料取代率的增加,粘结—滑移曲线峰值滑移量及峰值粘结强度均降低,且圆钢与再生混凝土间粘结强度约为螺纹钢粘结强度的1/4～1/7。相比普通混凝土而言,再生混凝土与钢筋粘结应力传递较快,粘结应力分布较均匀。针对再生混凝土与钢筋间粘结锚固位置函数ψ(x)特点,提出三折线粘结锚固位置函数模型,且平均粘结—滑移曲线g(s)采用两段式表达。
钢筋锈蚀后与再生混凝土间的平均粘结刚度显著退化,再生混凝土开裂后,钢筋与再生混凝土间平均粘结强度随着锈蚀率和取代率的增加呈下降趋势,但下降幅度不明显。钢筋锈蚀后与再生混凝土间粘结锚固位置函数曲线与钢筋锈蚀前有较大差异,曲线中后段粘结刚度逐渐上升并超过中前段而出现峰值,但仍采用三折线模型表达。
为了研究在实际弯、剪应力状态下钢筋锈蚀前后与再生混凝土间的粘结滑移性能,完成了12根钢筋—再生混凝土全梁式试验。试验发现：钢筋再生混凝土梁的破坏形态与普通钢筋混凝土梁相似,梁式试验粘结强度整体小于中心拉拔试验；钢筋再生混凝土梁极限粘结强度随再生粗骨料取代率、锈胀裂缝宽度的增加整体呈下降趋势；钢筋锈蚀前、后,再生混凝土梁锚固段内粘结应力分布规律比较类似,箍筋约束作用对再生混凝土锈胀开裂后粘结锚固位置函数影响较大。
最后,根据锚固可靠度设计方法及统计学原理,结合本文试验数据,同时统计甘前其它相关钢筋再生混凝土构件中心拉拔试验数据,计算出钢筋在再生混凝土材料中的锚固长度,并提出相应锚固长度设计建议。
As for recycled concrete is a new type of green building materials, there are still many properties needed to study before it's applied in structural engineering practice. Therefore, on the basis of experimental and theoretical method, the compression constitutive relationship and bond-slip properties of recycled concrete were studied in this thesis. The main contents are following:
Firstly, the magnifying glass and SEM were used for observation of composition and microstructure morphology for recycled aggregate concrete from mesoscopic and microscopic level, and the ABAQUS finite element software was used for stress simulation of recycled aggregate concrete. The recycled concrete's composition structure, interface and loading mechanism were analysed. Through the observation and analysis found that there were much differences between recycled concrete and ordinary concrete, the ITZ of aggregate-new mortar and new-old mortar existed obvious cracks before its loaded. After loading, the crack occurs first in the old interface, then appears in the new interface, and develops to the old mortar, finally the cracks connected, so it's necessary to study the properties of recycled concrete.
Secondly, the whole stress-strain curve test under uniaxial and conventional triaxial stress were conducted, and found that with the increase of recycled concrete replacement rate, the peak strain increase but peak stress and initial tangent modulus decrease gradually under uniaxial stress. In the conventional triaxial stress state, recycled coarse aggregate and ordinary aggregate damage pattern vary greatly, with the increase of confining pressure, the stress-strain curve descending segment was more smooth,the peak stress and peak strain of recycled concrete increases linearly, and its growth rate higher than that of normal concrete.The compressive constitutive relations of recycled concrete under uniaxial and conventional three axis state were established according to the characteristics of stress-strain curves.The compression strain energy density and brittleness index of two strength of recycled aggregate concrete under different confining pressure were calculated, the results showed that, with the increase of confining pressure, the two kind of strength of recycled aggregate concrete brittleness indexs decreased, when the confining pressure reached at about8MPa, its brittleness index achieve the same and remain unchanged.
Thirdly, bond-slip properties of reinforced recycled concrete were studied which contains the corrosion condition on the based of the inner-embedded strain-gauge method and electrochemical principle, and the corresponding bond-slip constitutive relationship was established as τ-ψ(x)g(s).Through the study found that:
With the increased of recycled aggregate replacement rate, the peak slip and the peak strength of bond-slip curve decreased. And the bond strength between round steel and recycled concrete was about1/4～1/7of the strength between screw steel and recycled concrete. Compared to ordinary reinforced concrete, the bond stress of reinforced recycled concrete transfered faster,and its distribution was more homogeneous, the growth of bond stress in the free end was greater. We presented three lines of bond position function model combined with the Characteristic of reinforced recycled concrete position curve, and g(s) was expressed by piecewise function.
The average bond stiffness between corroded steel bar and recycled concrete degraded significantly, but once the recycled concrete cracking, as the corrosion rate and recycled aggregate replacement increased, the average bond stiffness decline rate was not obvious. The bond position function curv of corroded reinforced recycled concrete was difference to ordinary reinforced recycled concrete, and the bond stiffness of anchorage posterior segment increased gradually and exceed the front stiffness, then reach the peak, but the three line model is still valid.
Then,12reinforced recycled concrete beam tests were completed which were used to study the bond-slip performance in the actual bending and shear stress state.The test results showed that,the failure modes and bond stress distribution curve of corroded reinforced recycled concrete beams were similar to reinforced recycled concrete and ordinary reinforced concrete beams, but the bond strength of the beam test were less than the simple drawing test,and stirrup played an important role on the anchorage position function of recycled concrete. The ultimate bond strength of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete beams overall declined with the increased of recycled aggregate replacement and corrosion rate.
Finally, according to the anchoring reliability design method and principle of statistics, based on the statistics of related experimental data, this thesis calculated the anchorage length of reinforced recycled concrete, and proposed the corresponding suggestions for anchorage length design.
引文
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