用户名: 密码: 验证码:
加减桂枝芍药知母汤治疗类风湿关节炎临床观察
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
类风湿关节炎是一种病因未明的慢性、全身性自身免疫炎性疾病。关节和滑膜的损害是其最常见也是最主要的病变,常导致关节软骨的破坏,甚至关节强直。患病率约为1%,女性发病率高于男性,男女发病率之比约为1:2-4。很多的治疗手段可以应用,但一般主张尽早进行病情改善抗风湿药治疗,以期达到早期缓解病情发展的目的。近年来,随着生物制剂的应用,使类风湿关节炎的治疗迈向了靶向治疗的时代,已取得了一定的成效,且逐渐发展为常规疗法。而本病属于中医痹证范畴,主要是因素体亏虚,风寒湿热邪气侵入,痹阻肢体、经络,以致气血运行失畅而成。因病程日久缠绵难愈,常易形成寒热错杂证,且兼见痰浊内生瘀血内停的痰瘀痹阻证。若以中西医联合治疗类风湿关节炎,结合中西药各自优势,既能取得短期快速的疗效,又可使病情长期稳定,且不良反应小,一般患者均可耐受,因此往往能够起得良好疗效。
     目的:观察以加减桂枝芍药知母汤治疗类风湿关节炎寒热错杂证兼有痰瘀痹阻证的疗效,并通过治疗组与对照组的对比研究,客观评价以桂枝芍药知母汤为基本方加减治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效及安全性。
     方法:根据简单随机、对照、非盲的临床试验原则,选入40例符合类风湿关节炎西医诊断标准以及中医辨证符合寒热错杂证兼有痰瘀痹阻证证候标准的病人。将40例患者随机分为两组,其中治疗组20例,以甲氨蝶呤片每周10mg+非甾体抗炎药(双氯芬酸钠)每日75mg+加减桂枝芍药知母汤治疗;对照组20例,以甲氨蝶呤片每周10mg+非甾体抗炎药(双氯芬酸钠)每日75mg治疗,两组疗程均为8周。
     结果:治疗组总有效率95%,对照组总有效率75%。治疗组与对照组的临床症状与体征关节压痛度、关节肿胀度、关节活动度、双手握力以及VAS积分等均有显着改善;主要中医证侯,关节疼痛度、晨僵时间、关节发烫、恶寒、阴雨天加重、疲乏无力、口渴或干肢体沉重等均有显着改善,且治疗组上述证候的改善优于对照组;实验室指标治疗组亦优于对照组。两组患者均未出现严重不良反应,轻度不良反应中,治疗组不良反应发生率5%,明显低于对照组10%。
     结论:中药加减桂枝芍药知母汤结合西药治疗类风湿关节炎寒热错杂证兼痰瘀痹阻证,比单纯西药治疗在改善症状等方面疗效更显着,在控制疾病活动的炎性指标方面亦有确切疗效。同时有着良好的安全性,没有明显毒副作用。
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered a chronic, systemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease. Synovial joints are principally attacked which often leads to the destruction of articular cartilage and even ankylosis of the joints. About 1%of the population is afflicted by it, aind women are two to four times more often than men. Up to date, the precise pathogenesis of it remains unclear. Various treatments are available while DMARDs are required to inhibit or halt the underlying immune process and prevent long-term damage, so it is suggested to use them as early as possible. In recent times, understandings to the cellular and molecular mechanisms of RA have facilitated the progress of the target therapy and increased treatment options. RA belongs to the Bi-syndrome of the scope of Chinese medicine. The causes of it usually are innate body weakness and wind, cold, dampness and heat attack to block meridians and result in qi stagnation and blood stasis. Because of the duration of the disease, it is very easy to become the syndrome of intermingled heat and cold, as well as the syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis. Applying Western medicine along with Chinese medicine generally has greater effectiveness. By combining their respective advantage, it has not only short-term and rapid effects, but also the long-term stable condition, less adverse reactions, and patients'tolerance.
     Objective:To observe the effectness of the modified Gui-zhi-shao-yao-zhi-mu Decoction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (the syndrome of intermingled heat and cold combined with the syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis). To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the decoction with the comparison between the treatment group and the control group.
     Method:Based on the clinical test principles,40 cases of RA patients are participated in the study. All of them meet the requirements of RA diagnosis and belong to the cold-heat complicated syndrome with phlegm-blood stasis syndrome type of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Participants are divided into two groups randomly,20 in the treatment group which methotrexate 10mg,po,qw+NSAID(diclofenac)75mg,po,qd+the modified Gui-zhi-shao-yao-zhi-mu Decoction are given, and 20 in the control group which methotrexate10mg,po,qw+NSAID (diclofenac)75mg,po,qd are given. The length of the treatment plan for both groups is 8 weeks.
     Results:The total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group are 95%and 75%, respectively, which has significant difference between two groups. All of the clinical and TCM symptoms of both groups are significantly improved after treatment. The symptoms of the treatment group are much better improved than those of the control group. Those laboratory indexes of both groups significantly become better after treatment, and there has significant difference between two groups. For both groups, no serious adverse effects are found.
     Conclusion:The treatment group has greater results than the control group in general. It means the combination of the modified Gui-zhi-shao-yao-zhi-mu Decoction and the Western medicine have better clinical efficacy and safety in treating RA with the cold-heat complicated syndrome with phlegm-blood stasis syndrome than simply using Western medicine.
引文
[1]张奉春.风湿病学新进展[G].北京:中华医学电子音像出版社,2005,3:1-15.
    [2]尹俊滨,高飞,张瀚文,等.治疗类风湿关节炎的研究进展[J].现代生物医学进展,2009,9(21):4171-4174.
    [3]叶伟胜,张铁良.类风湿关节炎流行病学发展[J].国际骨科学杂志,2009,30(3):144-147.
    [4]张乃峥,曾庆余,张凤山,等.中国风湿性疾病流行情况的调查研究[J].中华风湿病学杂志,1997,1(1):31-35.
    [5]汪悦.风湿病中医治疗[M].南京:江苏科技出版社,2005,5:1-6,112-114,281-282.
    [6]张缪佳.风湿性疾病诊断流程与治疗策略[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:1-20.
    [7]郭豪.是论“痹病”[C].漯河市协荣骨病医院,跨世纪骨伤杰出人才科技成果荟萃,2005:15-21.
    [8]王洪图.王洪图内经讲稿[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008,1:335-349.
    [9]姜德友,王先松.历节病源流考[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2007,29(5):1-3.
    [10]李晶晶.越婢东加减治疗类风湿关节炎寒热错杂证的临床研究[D].南京中医药大学,2009:3,7.
    [11]焦树德.类风湿关节炎从旭痹论治[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):5-6.
    [12]陈龙全,陈斌.类风湿性关节炎的病因病机及其辨证分型[J].中医药学刊,2003,21(3):469,472.
    [13]李今庸.李今庸金匮要略讲稿[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2008,1:62-72.
    [14]汪明忠.类风湿性关节炎786例病因病机分析[J].新中医,1989,(9):12-13.
    [15]王振亮.从肝论治类风湿关节炎[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2008,32(5):622-624.
    [16]汪悦.治痹琐谈[J].江苏中医药,2003.24(12):1-3.
    [17]唐先平.“痰瘀相关”与类风湿性关节炎[J].中华中医药杂志,2005,20(3):173-176.
    [18]郑林.张志聪医学全书[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,1999,8:481-482.
    [19]王承德.类风湿关节炎辨治六要点[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):7.
    [20]吴斌龙,陶娟,徐雯,等[J].类风湿关节炎证型研究分析.中国中医急症,2010,19(12):2066-2068.
    [21]周仲瑛.类风湿关节炎辨治要点[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):1-2.
    [22]朱良春.益肾壮督治其本,虫蚁搜剔治其标[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):2-3.
    [23]陶晓华.风湿病[M].第2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2006,6:4-7,34-39.
    [24]邱志济,朱建平,马璇卿.朱良春治疗顽痹使用对药的经验[J].辽宁中医杂志,2000,27(6):247-248.
    [25]陈湘君.类风湿关节炎宜内外合治[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):3-4.
    [26]赵蓓俊.陈湘君教授治疗类风湿性关节炎经验[J].河南中医,2009,29(3):247-248.
    [27]陆丹艳.金实教授治疗类风湿性关节炎经验[J].江苏中医药,2007,39(3):14-15.
    [28]徐俊良.金实教授治疗类风湿性关节炎经验[J].南京中医药大学学报,2007,23(3):192-193.
    [29]金实.类风湿关节炎治疗四法则[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):6-7.
    [30]宋绍亮.从邪毒内伏论治类风湿关节炎[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):8.
    [31]考希良.宋绍亮教授治疗缓解期类风湿关节炎经验撷萃[J].中国中医急症,2010,19(11):1888-1889.
    [32]汪悦,郭海英.类风湿性关节炎治疗心法[J].浙江中医杂志,1995,(4):156-157.
    [33]汪悦.汗、温、清、补四法治疗类风湿关节炎[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(1):8-10.
    [34]李爱民,陈丽霞.汪悦治疗类风湿性关节炎经验[J]Chinese Journal of Information onTCM,2007,14(2):76.
    [35]赵新秀,寇永锋.类风湿性关节炎中医证型分布规律的文献研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2008,26(9),1943-1944.
    [36]孙丽霞,汪悦,金桂兰.对268例类风湿关节炎患者中医证型分布的调查[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(12):25-26.
    [37]金实,汪悦.类风湿性关节炎证治体会[J].实用中医内科杂志,1993,7(4):19-20.
    [38]黎木国.浅探《伤寒论》的寒热错杂证治[J].河南中医,2007,27(1):6-7.
    [39]刘喜德,叶丽红,王芳,等.类风湿关节炎寒热错杂痰瘀痹阻病因病机探讨[J].中华中医药学刊,2010,28(10):2078-2079.
    [40]王海隆,张显彬.论寒热并用法在痹证中的应用[J].江苏中医,2007,39(4):45-46.
    [41]李晶晶.汪悦教授运用寒温并施法治疗类风湿关节炎经验[J].辽宁中医杂志,2009,36(4):513-514.
    [42]李今庸.桂枝芍药知母汤证中的“魁赢”“魑赢”“尪赢”[J].医古文知识,2001,18(3):32-33.
    [43]王海隆,张显彬.论寒热并用法在痹证中的应用[J].江苏中医,2007,39(4):45-46.
    [44]刘文军,杨建东,周定华.桂枝芍药知母汤加味治疗类风湿性关节炎22例[J].实用中医内科杂志,2008,22(7):44.
    [45]田河水.桂枝芍药知母汤加减治疗类风湿性关节炎272例[J].中国民间疗法,2007,15(9):37.
    [46]邹蕴珏.桂枝芍药知母汤加味治疗类风湿关节炎30例临床观察[J].中国中医急症,2007,16(6):672-673.
    [47]姬凤瑞,赵小乐.桂枝芍药知母汤加减治疗类风湿性关节炎45例[J].中国小区医师,2007,(16):102.
    [48]胡卫东,林昌松,孔德奇,等.桂枝芍药知母汤加味治疗活动性类风湿关节炎观察[J].中国基层医药,2005,12(12):1699-1700.
    [49]董振华.类风湿关节炎的小区预防及健康指导[J].中国全科医学,2002,5(9):683-684.
    [50]孙丽霞,金桂兰,陆燕,等.268例类风湿关节炎临床资料分析[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,20]0,]2(1):86-87.
    [51]纵瑞凯,刘健.类风湿关节炎关节外病变研究进展[J].中医药临床杂志,2010,22(9):833-836.
    [52]刘伟.生物制剂治疗类风湿关节炎的研究进展[J].安庆医学,2008,29(1):39-40.
    [53]卢添宝,张志智.生物制剂在类风湿关节炎治疗中的研究进展[J].现代医药卫生,2009,25(18):2818-2820.
    [54]Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman A, et al.2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria. Arthritis& Rheumatism,2010,62(9):2569-2581.
    [55]鄭筱萸.中国醫藥科技出版社,2002,第二版.
    [56]滕建文,聂奇森,黄丽,等.桂枝抗过敏和抗氧化活性的对比研究[J].食品科技,2008,(7):259-262.
    [57]赵建一.桂枝的药理研究及临床新用[J].光明中医,2010,25(8):1546.
    [58]刘超,王静,杨军.赤芍总甙活血化瘀作用的研究[J].中药材,2000,23(9):557-60.
    [59]徐红梅,刘青云,戴敏.赤芍总甙抗血栓作用研究[J].安徽中医学院学报,2000,19(1):46-7.
    [60]袁冬生,周兰芳,石磊,等.赤芍总苷对D2氨基半乳糖胺所致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用[J].热带医学杂志,2007,7(2):139-142.
    [61]崔广智.芍药苷抗抑郁作用的实验研究lJ].现代药物与临床,2009,24(4):231-233.
    [62]冀兰鑫,黄浩,李长志,等.赤芍药理作用的研究进展[J].药物评价研究,2010,33(3):233-236.
    [63]莫玉兰.赤芍总苷药理作用研究概况[J].光明中医,2009,24(4):782-784.
    [64]阮金兰,赵钟祥,曾庆忠,等.赤芍化学成分和药理作用的研究进展[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(9):965-970.
    [65]Zhu L, Wei W, Zheng Y Q, et al. Effects and mechanisms of total glucosides of paeony on joint damage in rat collagen-induced arthritis[J].Inflamm Res,2005,54(5):211-220.
    [66]李雪莲,来平凡.白芍炮制本草学研究及现代研究进展[J].亚太传统医药,2008,4(6):42-44.
    [67]张源潮,孙红胜,潘正论,等.白芍总苷在风湿免疫病中的研究进展[J].医药专论,2010,31(8):449-453.
    [68]Zheng YQ, Wei W. Total glucosides of paeony suppresses adjuvant arthritis in rats and intervenes cytokine-signaling between different types of synoviocytes [J].Int Immunopharm acol,2005,5(10):1560-1573.
    [69]刘朝东,王洪志,韦超.白芍总苷对慢性非细菌性前列腺炎大鼠CD4+T淋巴细胞及IL-6的影响研究[J].中国药房,2009,20(12):891-893.
    [70]王永祥,陈敏珠,徐叔云.白芍总甙的镇痛作用[J].中国药理学及毒理学杂志,1988,2(1):6-9.
    [71]李瑞麟,马勇,魏伟,等.白芍总苷治疗四氯化碳致大鼠肝纤维化的作用与其影响肝星状细胞功能的关系[J].中国新药杂志,2007,16(9):685-689.
    [72]周艳丽,张磊,刘维.白芍总苷对雷公藤多苷片所致小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究[J].天津中医药,2007,24(1):61-62.
    [73]闵伟琪,魏琴,李洪毓,等.白芍总苷治疗类风湿关节炎的多中心临床研究[J].中华风湿病学杂志,2005,9(8):487-491.
    [74]Lu W Q, Qiu Y, Li T J, et al. Timosaponin B-Ⅱ inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine induction by lipopolysaccharide in BV2 cells [J].Arch Pharm Res,2009,32(9):1301-1308.
    [75]杨茗,季晖,戴胜军,等.知母皂苷元对维A酸诱导小鼠骨质疏松的防治[J].中国天然药物,2000,4(3):219-223.
    [76]King F W, Fong S, Griffin C, et al. Timosaponin AⅢ is preferentially cytotoxic to tumor cells through inhibition of mTOR and induction of ER stress[J].PLoS One,2009,4(9):e7283.
    [77]赵树进,韩丽萍,李俭洪,等.知母皂苷及其苷元对动物模型β肾上腺素受体的调整作用[J].中国医院药学杂志,2000,20(2):70-73.
    [78]王颖异,郭宝林,张立军.知母化学成分的药理研究进展[J].科技导报2010,28(12):110-115.
    [79]吉星,冯毅凡.知母中皂苷类成分研究进展.中草药[J].2010,41(4):680-683.
    [80]Shin J S, Noh Y S, Kim D H, et al. Mangiferin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides inhibits the LPS-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 via the NF-κB inactivation in inflammatory macrophages[J].Natural Product Sciences,2008,14(3):206-231.
    [81]崔岚,安富荣,王平全.知母宁的药理作用[J].中药材,2000,23(2):112-114.
    [82]陈万生,韩军,李力,等.知母总多糖的抗炎作用[J].第二军医大学学报,1999,20(10):758-760.
    [83]王莉,李松林,王涛.降血糖植物多糖和糖甙研究进展[J].中药材,2000,23(9):575-579.
    [84]窦红霞,高玉兰.防风的化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].中医药信息,2009,26(2):15-17.
    [85]王成章,张崇禧.防风国内外研究进展[J].人参研究,2008,(1):35-41.
    [86]高咏莉.生药防风的化学成分与药理作用研究进展[J].山西医科大学学报,2004,35(2):216-218.
    [87]高玉桥,梅全喜,彭伟文.广防己的研究概况[J].时珍国医国药,2004,15(8):517-518.
    [88]王晓艳,王昌平.汉防己甲素的综述[J].河南化工,2010,27(2):8-9.
    [89]魏国玲,王凡.粉防己碱药理作用研究进展[J].陕西中医学院学报,2004,27(4):66-68.
    [90]甄攀.粉防己碱的研究进展[J].医学研究通讯,2004,33(8):30-32.
    [91]嵇远洋,张水冰.防己的临床应用及肾毒性概述[J].新中医,2003,35(8):74-75.
    [92]赵爱梅.苍术的药理作用研究[J].光明中医,2009,24(1):181-182.
    [93]陈炎明,陈静,俞桂新.苍术化学成分和药理活性研究进展[J].上海中医药大学学报,2006,20(4):95-98.
    [94]付梅红,朱东海,方婧,等.苍术的化学、分子生药学和药理学研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(20):2669-2672.
    [95]王学清,王秀杰,李岩.香砂平胃散对小鼠胃排空的影响[J].世界华人消化杂志,2003,11(5):571.
    [96]王学清,周卓,李岩.香砂平胃散对小鼠小肠推进功能的影响[J].中国中西医结合消化杂志,2004,12(4):211.
    [97]宿廷敏,王敏娟,阮时宝.白术的化学成分及药理作用研究概述[J].贵阳学院学报(自然科学版),2008,3(2):32-36.
    [98]李恒华,廖婷婷.浅谈白术的研究、应用及开发重点[J].重庆中草药研究,2007,(2):55-61.
    [99]杨桂枝,田汉文,杨琴,等.秦艽对佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2008,24(2):50-52.
    [100]李艳秋,赵德化,潘伯荣,等.龙胆苦苷抗鼠肝损伤的作用[J].第四军医大学学报,2001,22(18):1645-1649.
    [101]苏晓聆,李福安,魏全嘉,等.秦艽水煎液对小鼠急性肝损伤肿瘤坏死因数-α和白细胞介素-10表达的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2010,21(4):827-828.
    [102]蔡秋生,张志红,高慧琴.秦艽药理作用及临床应用研究进展[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2010,27(6):55-58.
    [103]芦启琴,娄灯吉,沈建伟,等.秦艽化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(29):9299-9301.
    [104]诸丹虎.益气养血祛湿益肝方治疗慢性乙肝36例[J].中国医药指南,2007,(S1):54.
    [105]康连香,王瑛,贾彦超.虎杖的药理研究和临床应用[J].中国中医药现代远程教育,2010,8(10):86.
    [106]叶品良,彭娟,刘娟.川牛膝研究概况[J].中医药学报2007,35(2):51-53.
    [107]陆维承.牛膝考辨[J].中国药业,2007,16(2):55-56.
    [108]曹吉慧,赵桂森,冯延江.青风藤的化学成分与药理作用[J].国外医药(植物药分册),2008,23(2):62-66.
    [109]黄小鲁,王勇,郝飞.青藤碱对机体免疫系统的影响及临床应用进展[J].医药导报,2007,26(4):397-399.
    [110]孙霞,于晓佳,邱明丰,等.青风藤药理与临床研究进展[J].中国中西医结合外科杂志,2005,11(4):363-364.
    [111]黄锡山,苏秀芳,农克良.鸡血藤化学成分及药理研究概况[J].南宁师范高等专科学校学报,2007,24(3):129-131.
    [112]黄新炜,李宝强,王秀华,等.中药鸡血藤的研究概况[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版),2006,9(1):25-29.
    [113]周永芹,韩莉.中药蜈蚣的研究进展[J].中药材,2008,31(2):315-319.
    [114]秦晋之,闫智勇.蜈蚣的药理作用和临床应用研究进展[J].河北农业科学,2008,12(10):164-166.
    [115]汪荣斌,王存琴,刘晓龙.天南星(虎掌南星)的化学成分和药理作用研究[J].长春中医药大学学报,2010,26(4):590-592.
    [116]张振凌,王正益,李军,等.虎掌南星不同工艺炮制品药理作用的比较[J].中药材,1996,19(5):248-251.
    [117]杨书彬,王喜军.天南星的毒性认识及毒性研究现状[J].中医药学报,2009,37(5):102-104.
    [118]欧敏锐,吴国欣,林跃鑫.中药白芥子研究概述[J].海峡药学,2001,13(2):8-11.
    [119]范平平,晏林.《晶珠本草》中藏药不良反应文献整理[J].中国药物警戒,2010,7(12):735-737.
    [120]赵强,李莹,孔令升,等.桃仁化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].天水师范学院学报,2008,28(2):56-59.
    [121]林小明.桃仁化学成分和药理作用研究进展[J].蛇志,2007,19(2):130-132.
    [122]汪宁,刘青云,彭代银,等.桃仁活血化瘀作用的研究进展[J].安徽中医学院学报,2002,21(3):63.
    [123]魏桂芳,徐磊,姚宏.红花的鉴定标准与药理研究[J].陕西中医,2010,31(6):736-737.
    [124]徐如英,童树洪.红花的化学成分及药理作用研究进展[J].中国药业,2010,19(20):86-87.
    [125]吴宗耀,牛李义,梁喜爱.甘草化学成分及药理作用分析[J].河南中医,2010,30(12):1235-1236.
    [126]Kim J K, Oh S, Kwon H S, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of roasted licorice extracts on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages[J].Biochem Bioph Res Co,2006,345(3):1215.
    [127]高雪岩,王文全,魏胜利,等.甘草及其活性成分的药理活性研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(21):2695-2700.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700