基于IP网络的远程教学环境构建与测试
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摘要
远程教学突破了时空限制,降低教学成本。大力发展现代远程教育,对于促进我国教育的普及和建立终生学习体系,具有重大的现实意义。本课题作为DLTS-23(Distance Learning Technology Standards)——教学环境评价的一部分,充分研究了iSCSI协议的设计原理,构建了以iSCSI协议作为存储元素的远程教学环境,并对其进行了分析测试;设计实现了针对以iSCSI协议作为存储元素的远程教学方式所在的IP网络环境的分析测试工具。
论文针对在远程教学环境下广泛使用的iSCSI协议进行了研究,对其设计原理进行了分析,对包括iSCSI协议在内的多种网络存储解决方案进行了比较:(1)iSCSI协议相对于基于光纤通道的存储局域网的优势;(2)iSCSI协议与NAS系统(SMB协议、NFS协议)在多种测试条件下的表现,得出“同样系统条件下,iSCSI协议表现性能要优于NAS系统”的结论;(3)iSCSI、FC和InfiniBand设计在存储局域网环境下的优劣,得出“FC和InfiniBand比iSCSI更适合存储局域网环境”的结论。这些比较和结论对选择合理的远程教学环境构建具有一定的指导意义。
论文继而在RedHat7.2(Linux内核版本2.4.7-10)系统构建基于iSCSI协议的启动端和目标端。在Windows2000系统下实现了iSCSI启动端驱动的微端口驱动部分。在Linux系统下对影响iSCSI协议表现的参数从3个方面展开研究测试:(1)iSCSI会话建立前协商的参数;(2)iSCSI系统(启动端、目标端)使用的硬件;(3)iSCSI系统参数,包括网络和文件系统参数。论文还进行了iSCSI元数据操作中的数据流量分析,提出“当发生大规模的突发性元数据操作时,将有可能发生网络环境阻塞”的结论。
论文最后设计实现一个远程教学网络环境测试工具,它适用于iSCSI存储技术所在的IP网络教学环境,并运用该工具进行IP网络环境的客观参数测试,针对这个工具存在的问题进行了分析和提出以后的改进。这个工具为评价远程教学环境中的网络元素提供了一种解决方案。
Distant-learning breaks through the limits of time and space, and reduce the education costs. That we develop modern distant-learning greatly will accelerate the education dissemination of our country and is also instructive for setting up whole-life study system. This paper is part of DLTS-23 (Distance Learning Technology Standard)—evaluation of education environment. Here we fully study iSCSI protocol design principles, construct the distant-learning environment with iSCSI as storage component, and analyze its performance. We also design and implement a tool for analyzing and testing IP networks in which distant-learning education exits with iSCSI as storage component.
This paper carries out research on iSCSI protocol that is widely used in distant-learning environment now. Not only are the protocol design principles analyzed, but we compare iSCSI and other network storage solutions. The latter includes (1) the advantages of iSCSI over storage area network based on Fibre Channel; (2) performance compares of iSCSI and Network attached system (based on SMB protocol and NFS protocol), from which we conclude iSCSI performances better than NAS under the same system configuration; (3) protocol design compares of iSCSI, FC and InfiniBand under storage area network environment, from which we conclude FC and InfiniBand is more suitable for this environment than iSCSI. These compares and conclusions are very useful for choosing suitable distant-learning environment.
The paper constructs iSCSI initiator and targets under RedHat7.2 (kernel version 2.4.7-10) and implements a miniport driver for iSCSI initiator driver under Windows2000. We carried out study on the parameters that affects iSCSI performance from three aspects: (1) The iSCSI parameters negotiated at the establishment of a session; (2) the hardware used in the iSCSI system (initiator and target); (3) the system parameters including the network and file system
parameters. The paper analyzed the metadata traffic during metadata access and concluded that network environment may be blocked when metadata accesses happen suddenly and in large scales.
Finally the paper designs and realizes a tool for testing distant-learning network environment. It can be used in IP networks in which iSCSI storage exits. By using this tool we test the object parameters of IP networks. We forward the problem of this tool and give the possible correction. This tool gives us a solution to test the network component in distant-learning environment.
论文针对在远程教学环境下广泛使用的iSCSI协议进行了研究,对其设计原理进行了分析,对包括iSCSI协议在内的多种网络存储解决方案进行了比较:(1)iSCSI协议相对于基于光纤通道的存储局域网的优势;(2)iSCSI协议与NAS系统(SMB协议、NFS协议)在多种测试条件下的表现,得出“同样系统条件下,iSCSI协议表现性能要优于NAS系统”的结论;(3)iSCSI、FC和InfiniBand设计在存储局域网环境下的优劣,得出“FC和InfiniBand比iSCSI更适合存储局域网环境”的结论。这些比较和结论对选择合理的远程教学环境构建具有一定的指导意义。
论文继而在RedHat7.2(Linux内核版本2.4.7-10)系统构建基于iSCSI协议的启动端和目标端。在Windows2000系统下实现了iSCSI启动端驱动的微端口驱动部分。在Linux系统下对影响iSCSI协议表现的参数从3个方面展开研究测试:(1)iSCSI会话建立前协商的参数;(2)iSCSI系统(启动端、目标端)使用的硬件;(3)iSCSI系统参数,包括网络和文件系统参数。论文还进行了iSCSI元数据操作中的数据流量分析,提出“当发生大规模的突发性元数据操作时,将有可能发生网络环境阻塞”的结论。
论文最后设计实现一个远程教学网络环境测试工具,它适用于iSCSI存储技术所在的IP网络教学环境,并运用该工具进行IP网络环境的客观参数测试,针对这个工具存在的问题进行了分析和提出以后的改进。这个工具为评价远程教学环境中的网络元素提供了一种解决方案。
Distant-learning breaks through the limits of time and space, and reduce the education costs. That we develop modern distant-learning greatly will accelerate the education dissemination of our country and is also instructive for setting up whole-life study system. This paper is part of DLTS-23 (Distance Learning Technology Standard)—evaluation of education environment. Here we fully study iSCSI protocol design principles, construct the distant-learning environment with iSCSI as storage component, and analyze its performance. We also design and implement a tool for analyzing and testing IP networks in which distant-learning education exits with iSCSI as storage component.
This paper carries out research on iSCSI protocol that is widely used in distant-learning environment now. Not only are the protocol design principles analyzed, but we compare iSCSI and other network storage solutions. The latter includes (1) the advantages of iSCSI over storage area network based on Fibre Channel; (2) performance compares of iSCSI and Network attached system (based on SMB protocol and NFS protocol), from which we conclude iSCSI performances better than NAS under the same system configuration; (3) protocol design compares of iSCSI, FC and InfiniBand under storage area network environment, from which we conclude FC and InfiniBand is more suitable for this environment than iSCSI. These compares and conclusions are very useful for choosing suitable distant-learning environment.
The paper constructs iSCSI initiator and targets under RedHat7.2 (kernel version 2.4.7-10) and implements a miniport driver for iSCSI initiator driver under Windows2000. We carried out study on the parameters that affects iSCSI performance from three aspects: (1) The iSCSI parameters negotiated at the establishment of a session; (2) the hardware used in the iSCSI system (initiator and target); (3) the system parameters including the network and file system
parameters. The paper analyzed the metadata traffic during metadata access and concluded that network environment may be blocked when metadata accesses happen suddenly and in large scales.
Finally the paper designs and realizes a tool for testing distant-learning network environment. It can be used in IP networks in which iSCSI storage exits. By using this tool we test the object parameters of IP networks. We forward the problem of this tool and give the possible correction. This tool gives us a solution to test the network component in distant-learning environment.
引文
http://www.smeye.com/doc-cc2000/nmq-jiaoyu.htm. NMQ互视远程教学系统――以纯软件实现真正的视频、音频、课件共享互动电子教学
教育部现代远程教育标准化委员会. 现代远程教育规范(征求意见稿)汇编(一). 北京:清华同方光盘电子出版社
王保顺、张炜等. 校园网设计与远程教学系统开发. 人民邮电出版社,2003年1月
http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/products/storage/product/tuebingen.shtml. IBM的200i在高校远程教学中的应用
Mesnier, M.,Ganger, G.R. , Riedel, E. Object-based Storage. Communication Magazine, IEEE, Volume: 41, Issue:8, Aug, 2003
Feng Wang, Scott A. Brandt, Ethan L. Miller, Darrell D.E.Long. OBFE: A File System for Object-based Storage Devices. 21st IEEE/12th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage System and Technologies (MSST2004), College Park, MD, April 2004.
Yingping Lu. Research Agenda on Efficient and Robust Datapath. Seminar in computer science deparment in University of Minnesota, twin cities.
[8] 杨波,张继征,贾惠波. 网络存储的新技术――基于对象的存储. 提交《计算机工程》
[9] Strunk, J.D, Goodson, G.R., Scheinholtz, M. L. Self-securing storage: protecting data in compromised systems. Proceedings of the 4th symposium on operating systems design and implementation. San Diego, CA. October, 2000.
[10] Muthian Sivathanu, Vijiayan Prabhakaran, Florentina I. Semantically smart disk systems. Proceeding of the 2nd USENIX Conference on file and Storage Technologies(FAST’ 03), San Francisco, California.
[11] 张江陵、冯丹等。海量信息存储. 科学出版社,2003年1月
[12] InfiniBand Architecture. http://www.intel.com/technology/InfiniBand/.
[13] InfiniBand SAN Gateway. http://www.developer.ibm.com/solutions/isv/iqssq.nsf/.
[14] 沈中南. 网络教育技术标准体系及LOM规范的研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学计算机系,2002年
[15] 杨进,魏轶伟,何宁,贾惠波. iSCSI――基于IP的存储协议. 计算机工程,2003,29(10):1～2
[16] 魏轶伟,熊剑平,贾惠波,何宁. 基于IP的存储网络技术. 计算机工程与应用,2002, 13:156～248
[17] 邓永红. iSCSI技术与应用.天极商务应用,2002-11-20,http://www.yesky.com/20021120/1640833.shtml
[18] Cisco(white paper)-iSCSI Protocol Concepts and Implementation. http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/rt/5420/prodlit/imdpm_wp.htm
[19] Overview-FFP in iSCSI Draft 0.20 reference implementation. http://www.iol.unh.edu/consortiums/iscsi/downloads
[20] iSCSI draft 20. http://www.ietfreport.isoc.org/ids/draft-ietf-ips-iscsi-20.txt
[21] Kalman Z. Meth, Julian Satran. Design of the iSCSI protocol. Proceeding of the 20th IEEE/11th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies(MSS’03)
[22] Kurose James F. 计算机网络――自顶向下方法与Internet特色 人民邮电出版社,2004年
[23] W. Mc Voy Larry, Staelin Carl. Lmbench: portable tools for performance analysis [A]. USENIX Annual Technical Conference [C]. 1996. 279-294.
[24] Chen P. and Patterson.D. Storage performance-Metrics and Benchmarks[A]. Proceeding of the IEEE[C] Aug, 1993 81(8):1151-1165.
[25] Bray Tim. Textuality-Bonnie++[EB/OL], http://www.textuality.com/bonnie/, 2003.
[26] IETF [EB/OL]. http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ips-iSCSI-18, 2002
[27] Aiken Stephen, Grunwald Dirk, Pleszkun Andrew R. A Performance Analysis of the iSCSI Protocol[A]. Proceeding of the 20th IEEE/11th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies[C].
[28] J. K. Ousterhout, H. D. Costa, D. Harrison, J. A. Kunze, M. Kupfer, and J. G. Thompson. A trace-driven analysis of the Unix 4.2 BSD file system. In Proceeding of the 10th ACM
Symposium on Operating Systems Principles(SOSP’85), pages 15-24, Dec. 1985.
[29] Yingping Lu, Du D.H.C. Performance study of iSCSI-Based Storage subsystems. Communications Magazine. IEEE, Volume: 41, Issue:8, Aug. 2003, pages: 76～82
[30] 邵华,谢长生,韩得志. iSCSI协议的实现及性能分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2003.13: 172~175.
[31] Voruganti K, Sarkar P. An analysis of three gigabit networking protocols for storage area networks. Performance, Computing, and Communications, 2001. IEEE International Conference on. 4-6 April 2001. Pages: 259～265
[32] 韦丰,周敬利,林芝,余胜生. 存储区域网中光纤通道和iSCSI协议的性能分析.计算机工程与应用. 2003.13: 181～184
[33] Yeh W P, Hammond J L, Tipper D. Design and evaluation of a method for admission control for broadband packet network.. Computer Network and ISDN Systems, 1995, 27(9):1349-1366
[34] Bocking S. TIP’s performance quality of service. IEEE Communications Magazine,1995,33(8):74-81
[35] Sanjeev R, Reeves D S. Routing and admission control algorithm for multimedia traffic. Computer Communications, 1995, 18(9):755-765
[36] Ramanathan S, Rangan P V, V in H M et al. Enforcing application-level QOS by frame induced packet discarding in video communications. Computer Communications, 1995, 18(10): 742—754
[37] V Paxson. Measurement and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics [Ph D dissertation]. University of California, Berkeley, 1997
[38] 谢高岗,李忠诚,张大方,汤艳霞. 链路带宽测量方法改进. 计算机研究与发展. 2003. Jan Vol. 40, No. 1: 69～74.
[39] Comer Douglas E. 用TCP/IP进行网际互联(第一卷 原理、协议与结构).北京 电子工业出版社,2001
[40] 陈坚,陈伟等. Visual C++网络高级编程,人民邮电出版社,2001
[41] 赵金,陈鸣. IP网络链路带宽的测量. 电信科学,2002年第5期:63～66.
[42] 【美】Brian Sawert著,SCSI程序员指南,中国电力出版社,2002.12
[43] SCSI mid_level—lower_level interface http://lwn.net/2002/0425/a/scsi-midlevel.php3
[44] Anshul Chadda, Robert D Russell. Design, Implementation, and Performance Analysis of Session Layer Protocols for SCSI over TCP/IP. http://www.cs.uml.edu/~mbrown/iSCSI/iscsi-0.1.tar.gz
[45] General SCSI Docs. http://www.andante.org/scsidoc/index.html
[46] 华中科技大学,信息存储系统国家专业实验室. 华中科大跨平台、多用户iSCSI存储系统技术报告,2002年10月
[47] 【美】A. Baker Art著,Window2000设备驱动程序设计指南,机械工业出版社,2001
[48] Microsoft Co. Programmer’s Guide in MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0
[49] 李为,谢长生,任劲. iSCSI协议的跨平台实现. 计算机工程与科学. 2003,No.3, Vol. 25, pages:18～21
教育部现代远程教育标准化委员会. 现代远程教育规范(征求意见稿)汇编(一). 北京:清华同方光盘电子出版社
王保顺、张炜等. 校园网设计与远程教学系统开发. 人民邮电出版社,2003年1月
http://www-900.ibm.com/cn/products/storage/product/tuebingen.shtml. IBM的200i在高校远程教学中的应用
Mesnier, M.,Ganger, G.R. , Riedel, E. Object-based Storage. Communication Magazine, IEEE, Volume: 41, Issue:8, Aug, 2003
Feng Wang, Scott A. Brandt, Ethan L. Miller, Darrell D.E.Long. OBFE: A File System for Object-based Storage Devices. 21st IEEE/12th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage System and Technologies (MSST2004), College Park, MD, April 2004.
Yingping Lu. Research Agenda on Efficient and Robust Datapath. Seminar in computer science deparment in University of Minnesota, twin cities.
[8] 杨波,张继征,贾惠波. 网络存储的新技术――基于对象的存储. 提交《计算机工程》
[9] Strunk, J.D, Goodson, G.R., Scheinholtz, M. L. Self-securing storage: protecting data in compromised systems. Proceedings of the 4th symposium on operating systems design and implementation. San Diego, CA. October, 2000.
[10] Muthian Sivathanu, Vijiayan Prabhakaran, Florentina I. Semantically smart disk systems. Proceeding of the 2nd USENIX Conference on file and Storage Technologies(FAST’ 03), San Francisco, California.
[11] 张江陵、冯丹等。海量信息存储. 科学出版社,2003年1月
[12] InfiniBand Architecture. http://www.intel.com/technology/InfiniBand/.
[13] InfiniBand SAN Gateway. http://www.developer.ibm.com/solutions/isv/iqssq.nsf/.
[14] 沈中南. 网络教育技术标准体系及LOM规范的研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:清华大学计算机系,2002年
[15] 杨进,魏轶伟,何宁,贾惠波. iSCSI――基于IP的存储协议. 计算机工程,2003,29(10):1～2
[16] 魏轶伟,熊剑平,贾惠波,何宁. 基于IP的存储网络技术. 计算机工程与应用,2002, 13:156～248
[17] 邓永红. iSCSI技术与应用.天极商务应用,2002-11-20,http://www.yesky.com/20021120/1640833.shtml
[18] Cisco(white paper)-iSCSI Protocol Concepts and Implementation. http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/rt/5420/prodlit/imdpm_wp.htm
[19] Overview-FFP in iSCSI Draft 0.20 reference implementation. http://www.iol.unh.edu/consortiums/iscsi/downloads
[20] iSCSI draft 20. http://www.ietfreport.isoc.org/ids/draft-ietf-ips-iscsi-20.txt
[21] Kalman Z. Meth, Julian Satran. Design of the iSCSI protocol. Proceeding of the 20th IEEE/11th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies(MSS’03)
[22] Kurose James F. 计算机网络――自顶向下方法与Internet特色 人民邮电出版社,2004年
[23] W. Mc Voy Larry, Staelin Carl. Lmbench: portable tools for performance analysis [A]. USENIX Annual Technical Conference [C]. 1996. 279-294.
[24] Chen P. and Patterson.D. Storage performance-Metrics and Benchmarks[A]. Proceeding of the IEEE[C] Aug, 1993 81(8):1151-1165.
[25] Bray Tim. Textuality-Bonnie++[EB/OL], http://www.textuality.com/bonnie/, 2003.
[26] IETF [EB/OL]. http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ips-iSCSI-18, 2002
[27] Aiken Stephen, Grunwald Dirk, Pleszkun Andrew R. A Performance Analysis of the iSCSI Protocol[A]. Proceeding of the 20th IEEE/11th NASA Goddard Conference on Mass Storage Systems and Technologies[C].
[28] J. K. Ousterhout, H. D. Costa, D. Harrison, J. A. Kunze, M. Kupfer, and J. G. Thompson. A trace-driven analysis of the Unix 4.2 BSD file system. In Proceeding of the 10th ACM
Symposium on Operating Systems Principles(SOSP’85), pages 15-24, Dec. 1985.
[29] Yingping Lu, Du D.H.C. Performance study of iSCSI-Based Storage subsystems. Communications Magazine. IEEE, Volume: 41, Issue:8, Aug. 2003, pages: 76～82
[30] 邵华,谢长生,韩得志. iSCSI协议的实现及性能分析. 计算机工程与应用. 2003.13: 172~175.
[31] Voruganti K, Sarkar P. An analysis of three gigabit networking protocols for storage area networks. Performance, Computing, and Communications, 2001. IEEE International Conference on. 4-6 April 2001. Pages: 259～265
[32] 韦丰,周敬利,林芝,余胜生. 存储区域网中光纤通道和iSCSI协议的性能分析.计算机工程与应用. 2003.13: 181～184
[33] Yeh W P, Hammond J L, Tipper D. Design and evaluation of a method for admission control for broadband packet network.. Computer Network and ISDN Systems, 1995, 27(9):1349-1366
[34] Bocking S. TIP’s performance quality of service. IEEE Communications Magazine,1995,33(8):74-81
[35] Sanjeev R, Reeves D S. Routing and admission control algorithm for multimedia traffic. Computer Communications, 1995, 18(9):755-765
[36] Ramanathan S, Rangan P V, V in H M et al. Enforcing application-level QOS by frame induced packet discarding in video communications. Computer Communications, 1995, 18(10): 742—754
[37] V Paxson. Measurement and analysis of end-to-end Internet dynamics [Ph D dissertation]. University of California, Berkeley, 1997
[38] 谢高岗,李忠诚,张大方,汤艳霞. 链路带宽测量方法改进. 计算机研究与发展. 2003. Jan Vol. 40, No. 1: 69～74.
[39] Comer Douglas E. 用TCP/IP进行网际互联(第一卷 原理、协议与结构).北京 电子工业出版社,2001
[40] 陈坚,陈伟等. Visual C++网络高级编程,人民邮电出版社,2001
[41] 赵金,陈鸣. IP网络链路带宽的测量. 电信科学,2002年第5期:63～66.
[42] 【美】Brian Sawert著,SCSI程序员指南,中国电力出版社,2002.12
[43] SCSI mid_level—lower_level interface http://lwn.net/2002/0425/a/scsi-midlevel.php3
[44] Anshul Chadda, Robert D Russell. Design, Implementation, and Performance Analysis of Session Layer Protocols for SCSI over TCP/IP. http://www.cs.uml.edu/~mbrown/iSCSI/iscsi-0.1.tar.gz
[45] General SCSI Docs. http://www.andante.org/scsidoc/index.html
[46] 华中科技大学,信息存储系统国家专业实验室. 华中科大跨平台、多用户iSCSI存储系统技术报告,2002年10月
[47] 【美】A. Baker Art著,Window2000设备驱动程序设计指南,机械工业出版社,2001
[48] Microsoft Co. Programmer’s Guide in MSDN Library Visual Studio 6.0
[49] 李为,谢长生,任劲. iSCSI协议的跨平台实现. 计算机工程与科学. 2003,No.3, Vol. 25, pages:18～21