稀土和NO对干旱胁迫下小麦抗氧化系统的影响
摘要
以广泛推广且高产的“镇麦5号”为材料,分别以水培和盆栽两种方法研究苗期和不同生殖生长期干旱后喷施稀土微肥和硝普钠对小麦的影响。苗期时每3天采样一次,共4次；生殖生长期每个时期采样一次,共5次。测定叶片相对含水量、MDA、电导率、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的含量、SOD、POD等抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素含量、净光合速率。研究稀土微肥对干旱胁迫下田间种植小麦叶片抗氧化酶系统的影响,并且以NO为对照外源抗旱物质。以期能为稀土微肥和外源NO供体硝普钠的抗旱提供直观的数据。
实验结果表明：PEG模拟干旱胁迫下,小麦幼苗丙二醛含量和超氧阴离子的释放速率随干旱胁迫时间的延长而逐渐增大。小麦幼苗的活性氧迅速积累,进而启动自身抗逆体系如POD、CAT活性升高以清除体内过多的活性氧,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量的增加维持相对稳定的渗透势。但是自身抗逆体系有一定的阈值,喷施稀土镧后,抗氧化酶POD、CAT的活性显著升高,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的含量显著增加。稀土镧通过提高干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片的抗氧化酶活性,加强清除活性氧能力,增加膜稳定性,维持细胞渗透势,减少膜质过氧化作用,从而缓解干旱对小麦幼苗的伤害,增强其抗旱性。
在土壤相对含水量为40%的干旱胁迫下,小麦的膜脂过氧化程度加剧超出了自身抗逆能力。硝普钠能降低干旱胁迫引起的小麦叶片MDA含量上升、质膜相对透性升高,提高干旱引起的叶片相对含水量的降低,缓解膜脂过氧化；还能使渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量都接近正常水平,提高了干旱胁迫下小麦的渗透调节能力；通过提高抗氧化酶的活性来提高小麦的抗旱能力；并且通过诱导叶片叶绿素的合成提高净光合速率,进一步提高作物的抗旱能力。小麦的膜脂过氧化程度加剧超出了自身抗逆能力。稀土微肥降低了干旱胁迫引起的小麦叶片MDA含量上升、质膜相对透性升高,提高干旱引起的叶片相对含水量的降低,缓解膜脂过氧化；还能使渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的含量都接近正常水平,提高了干旱胁迫下小麦的渗透调节能力；通过提高小麦叶片抗氧化酶的活性来提高小麦的抗旱性以及保水能力；并且通过诱导叶片叶绿素的合成提高净光合速率,进一步提高作物的抗旱能力。
We use wheat "zhengmai 5" as experimental material and water culture and pot were two ways of culture.In seeding and different reproductive stage,we sprayed rare earth fertilizer and SNP after drought Stress on wheat. We collected sample every 3 days,4 times in seeding stage and every growing stage,5 times in reprod.By determination of leaf relative water content, MDA, electrical conductivity, research the effect of wheat、proline and soluble protein、soluble sugar、antioxidant enzymes system (SOD,POD,et al.), chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate.
We researched rare earth fertilizer on wheat under drought stress in the field of Antioxidant Enzymes,and useexogenous NO as a control substance. rare earth fertilizer and exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP) could provide visual data of drought stress,and also provide the theoretical basis of the SNP and the rare earth fertilizer for agricultural extension.
The result that the experimental material is "ningngmai 13", simulating drought stress with 15%PEG-6000 (polyethylene glycol), Study the effect of La (RE-La) on antioxidant ability of wheat seedlings under drought stress.,and explore the mechanisms of La to improve the drought resistance of wheat seedlings The results showed that RE-La could cause the wheet-seedling leaves to decrease the contents of lipid peroxidation
MDA and the release rate of 02-,and accelerate differentially the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD),whereas increase their proline contents and soluble protein contents. The effects of RE-La could be rever sed when RE-La are added. It confirms that RE-La may effcetively enhance resistance against drought stress through raising anti-oxidative capability and improveing the oxidation resistance of wheet seedling. Under the drought stress by 40% content of the soil water, we studied the effects of the rare-earth elements and exogenous nitric oxide (NO) for sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics by three aspects :the membrane lipid peroxidation,the content of osmotic adjustment and the photosynthetic parameters. The results showed that:they can not only reduce the increase of the MDA content in wheat leaves and the membrane permeability caused by drought stress.but also ease reduction of leaf relative water content and peroxidation of membrane lipid, the contents of proline and soluble protein were close to normal levels.they increased the ability of osmotic adjustment under drought stress ahd finally induced synthesis of chlorophyll and the rate of net photosynthetic.
实验结果表明：PEG模拟干旱胁迫下,小麦幼苗丙二醛含量和超氧阴离子的释放速率随干旱胁迫时间的延长而逐渐增大。小麦幼苗的活性氧迅速积累,进而启动自身抗逆体系如POD、CAT活性升高以清除体内过多的活性氧,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量的增加维持相对稳定的渗透势。但是自身抗逆体系有一定的阈值,喷施稀土镧后,抗氧化酶POD、CAT的活性显著升高,脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的含量显著增加。稀土镧通过提高干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片的抗氧化酶活性,加强清除活性氧能力,增加膜稳定性,维持细胞渗透势,减少膜质过氧化作用,从而缓解干旱对小麦幼苗的伤害,增强其抗旱性。
在土壤相对含水量为40%的干旱胁迫下,小麦的膜脂过氧化程度加剧超出了自身抗逆能力。硝普钠能降低干旱胁迫引起的小麦叶片MDA含量上升、质膜相对透性升高,提高干旱引起的叶片相对含水量的降低,缓解膜脂过氧化；还能使渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量都接近正常水平,提高了干旱胁迫下小麦的渗透调节能力；通过提高抗氧化酶的活性来提高小麦的抗旱能力；并且通过诱导叶片叶绿素的合成提高净光合速率,进一步提高作物的抗旱能力。小麦的膜脂过氧化程度加剧超出了自身抗逆能力。稀土微肥降低了干旱胁迫引起的小麦叶片MDA含量上升、质膜相对透性升高,提高干旱引起的叶片相对含水量的降低,缓解膜脂过氧化；还能使渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白的含量都接近正常水平,提高了干旱胁迫下小麦的渗透调节能力；通过提高小麦叶片抗氧化酶的活性来提高小麦的抗旱性以及保水能力；并且通过诱导叶片叶绿素的合成提高净光合速率,进一步提高作物的抗旱能力。
We use wheat "zhengmai 5" as experimental material and water culture and pot were two ways of culture.In seeding and different reproductive stage,we sprayed rare earth fertilizer and SNP after drought Stress on wheat. We collected sample every 3 days,4 times in seeding stage and every growing stage,5 times in reprod.By determination of leaf relative water content, MDA, electrical conductivity, research the effect of wheat、proline and soluble protein、soluble sugar、antioxidant enzymes system (SOD,POD,et al.), chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate.
We researched rare earth fertilizer on wheat under drought stress in the field of Antioxidant Enzymes,and useexogenous NO as a control substance. rare earth fertilizer and exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP) could provide visual data of drought stress,and also provide the theoretical basis of the SNP and the rare earth fertilizer for agricultural extension.
The result that the experimental material is "ningngmai 13", simulating drought stress with 15%PEG-6000 (polyethylene glycol), Study the effect of La (RE-La) on antioxidant ability of wheat seedlings under drought stress.,and explore the mechanisms of La to improve the drought resistance of wheat seedlings The results showed that RE-La could cause the wheet-seedling leaves to decrease the contents of lipid peroxidation
MDA and the release rate of 02-,and accelerate differentially the activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD),whereas increase their proline contents and soluble protein contents. The effects of RE-La could be rever sed when RE-La are added. It confirms that RE-La may effcetively enhance resistance against drought stress through raising anti-oxidative capability and improveing the oxidation resistance of wheet seedling. Under the drought stress by 40% content of the soil water, we studied the effects of the rare-earth elements and exogenous nitric oxide (NO) for sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics by three aspects :the membrane lipid peroxidation,the content of osmotic adjustment and the photosynthetic parameters. The results showed that:they can not only reduce the increase of the MDA content in wheat leaves and the membrane permeability caused by drought stress.but also ease reduction of leaf relative water content and peroxidation of membrane lipid, the contents of proline and soluble protein were close to normal levels.they increased the ability of osmotic adjustment under drought stress ahd finally induced synthesis of chlorophyll and the rate of net photosynthetic.
引文
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