铁路物流园区规划设计与评价
|
摘要
我国物流园区的发展步伐正在不断加快,其显著的经济效益和社会效益也越来越为社会各界所认可。随着我国各省市政府及企业对物流园区规划设计的不断重视,理论界也随之加强了对物流园区规划理论及方法的研究。科学的规划建设物流园区有利于营建现代物流的环境,发挥整体效益,有利于改善城市交通、生态环境、城市景观和优化城市的功能布局,增强城市的综合竞争力。铁路作为社会物流的一个重要支柱产业,其良好的运营过程对社会大物流起着重要的先导作用。因此,铁路运输业能否以运输物流一体化为方向,改革铁路运作方式和服务理念,尽早构建现代铁路物流园区,不仅关系到铁路自身的长远发展,而且关系到中国物流业的大发展。
本文首先通过国内外物流园区规划与方案评价的综述研究,对物流与物流园区、铁路物流与铁路物流园区进行了概述,从物流与物流园区的基本概念及分类入于,综合考虑铁路本身所具有的即“基础设施”、“大动脉”、“大众化”大特性,分析了铁路物流园区的形成机理,概括了铁路物流园区的概念及特性,并明确了铁路物流园区与其他一般物流园区的不同之处。其次,依照物流园区规划的MSFLB“五步曲”规划方法论探讨物流园区规划内容,包括：铁路物流园区目标定位、发展环境及需求分析、总体布局规划设计、商务运作分析等。重点对物流园区规划方案的评价分析进行了研究,构建了铁路物流园区规划方案评价指标体系,对其从技术性能、经济性能、社会性能三个方面进行评价和论证,以达到对物流园区规划的经济效益、社会效益以及技术先进性与适应性三个方面进行客观评估；并运用基于AHP与熵值法的模糊综合评价法对铁路物流园区规划方案进行比较分析,对于评价指标权重的确定采用了AHP与熵值法相结合的主客观综合权重确定法,采用功效系数转变将主观权重值与客观权重值相结合,将专家的主观知识、经验与数据所体现的客观信息相结合,具有较好的合理性。
最后,利用所取得的研究成果作为实证分析的理论基础,针对山东省高密市铁运物流园区项目进行了规划,并运用论文中所提出的模糊综合评价法对三个方案进行了评价与分析,得出了较为客观合理的结果,验证了本文关于铁路物流园区规划与评价研究的科学性和正确性；同时,物流园区的客观评价使园区相关者对铁路物流园区的建立健全及规模发展有一个全面、客观的认识,对今后的管理决策工作起到了重要作用；再次,本文的研究成果对全国其他省市同类物流园区的规划与评价具有一定的理论价值和较强的应用价值。
The development pace of Logistics Park in China is accelerating, and its remarkable economic benefits and social benefits are increasingly recognized by the society, thereby our country and many Provinces have placed more attention on the planning of logistics park, and theorists also have strengthened the study of the planning theory and method of logistics park. There are many advantages of planning and developing logistics park scientifically, such as it is conductive to the construction of modern logistics environment and to play overall efficiency,and it will help to improve the city's traffic, ecological environment, cityscape and optimize the functional layout of the city, enhance the city's comprehensive competitiveness. As an important pillar of the community the logistics industry, the operation process of the railway play an important leading role on social logistics.Therefore, whether the railway transportation develops to the direction of transport logistics, reforms operation mode and service concept of the railway, constructs modern railway logistics park early, not only have to do with the railway's own long-term development, but also to the great development of China's logistics industry.
Through the overview and study of the planning and program evaluation of domestic and international logistics park, This paper summarize the content of logistics and logistics parks, railway logistics and railway, starting from the basic concept and classification of logistics and logistics park, considering three characteristics of the railway itself—"infrastructure", "artery", "popular", this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of railway logistics park, sum up the concept and characteristics of the railway logistics park, and clear the difference between the railway logistics parks and other general logistics park. And then the paper discuss the contents of the logistics park planning following the Logistics Park planning MSFLB'5-steps',including:railway logistics park targeting, development environment and logistics demand analysis, the overall layout planning and design, business operations analysis. It has placed an emphasis on the study of logistics park planning program evaluation and analysis,and it constructs the evaluation indicator system of railway logistics park planning program, which evaluate and demonstrate technical performance, economic performance, social performance of the logistics park, in order to objectively assess their economic benefits, social benefits and technical advancement and adaptation; and this paper has given a comparative evaluation and analysis to railway logistics park planning program with the use of fuzzy method which is based on AHP and entropy value method. In order to determine the weight of evaluation index, we have used the Integrated subjective and objective weights method which is a Combination of the AHP and entropy values, this method integrate the subjective and objective weights using efficiency coefficient conversion method, which combine the expert evaluator's subjective knowledge, experience and objective information embodied in the data and has a good Rationality.
Finally, this paper planning the railway transportation logistics park projects of Shandong province gaomi city with the use of research results as the theoretical basis for empirical analysis, and evaluate and analyze the three programs using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method described in the paper. The more objective and reasonable results achieved verify the science and correctness of the study of the railway logistics park planning and evaluation in the paper; in the other hand, the objective evaluation gives parks stakeholders a comprehensive and objective understanding on the establishment and development of the park, which plays an important role to the future decision-making; At last, this kind of study on the logistics park planning and evaluation has a certain theoretical value and much practical value to similar logistics park.
本文首先通过国内外物流园区规划与方案评价的综述研究,对物流与物流园区、铁路物流与铁路物流园区进行了概述,从物流与物流园区的基本概念及分类入于,综合考虑铁路本身所具有的即“基础设施”、“大动脉”、“大众化”大特性,分析了铁路物流园区的形成机理,概括了铁路物流园区的概念及特性,并明确了铁路物流园区与其他一般物流园区的不同之处。其次,依照物流园区规划的MSFLB“五步曲”规划方法论探讨物流园区规划内容,包括：铁路物流园区目标定位、发展环境及需求分析、总体布局规划设计、商务运作分析等。重点对物流园区规划方案的评价分析进行了研究,构建了铁路物流园区规划方案评价指标体系,对其从技术性能、经济性能、社会性能三个方面进行评价和论证,以达到对物流园区规划的经济效益、社会效益以及技术先进性与适应性三个方面进行客观评估；并运用基于AHP与熵值法的模糊综合评价法对铁路物流园区规划方案进行比较分析,对于评价指标权重的确定采用了AHP与熵值法相结合的主客观综合权重确定法,采用功效系数转变将主观权重值与客观权重值相结合,将专家的主观知识、经验与数据所体现的客观信息相结合,具有较好的合理性。
最后,利用所取得的研究成果作为实证分析的理论基础,针对山东省高密市铁运物流园区项目进行了规划,并运用论文中所提出的模糊综合评价法对三个方案进行了评价与分析,得出了较为客观合理的结果,验证了本文关于铁路物流园区规划与评价研究的科学性和正确性；同时,物流园区的客观评价使园区相关者对铁路物流园区的建立健全及规模发展有一个全面、客观的认识,对今后的管理决策工作起到了重要作用；再次,本文的研究成果对全国其他省市同类物流园区的规划与评价具有一定的理论价值和较强的应用价值。
The development pace of Logistics Park in China is accelerating, and its remarkable economic benefits and social benefits are increasingly recognized by the society, thereby our country and many Provinces have placed more attention on the planning of logistics park, and theorists also have strengthened the study of the planning theory and method of logistics park. There are many advantages of planning and developing logistics park scientifically, such as it is conductive to the construction of modern logistics environment and to play overall efficiency,and it will help to improve the city's traffic, ecological environment, cityscape and optimize the functional layout of the city, enhance the city's comprehensive competitiveness. As an important pillar of the community the logistics industry, the operation process of the railway play an important leading role on social logistics.Therefore, whether the railway transportation develops to the direction of transport logistics, reforms operation mode and service concept of the railway, constructs modern railway logistics park early, not only have to do with the railway's own long-term development, but also to the great development of China's logistics industry.
Through the overview and study of the planning and program evaluation of domestic and international logistics park, This paper summarize the content of logistics and logistics parks, railway logistics and railway, starting from the basic concept and classification of logistics and logistics park, considering three characteristics of the railway itself—"infrastructure", "artery", "popular", this paper analyzes the formation mechanism of railway logistics park, sum up the concept and characteristics of the railway logistics park, and clear the difference between the railway logistics parks and other general logistics park. And then the paper discuss the contents of the logistics park planning following the Logistics Park planning MSFLB'5-steps',including:railway logistics park targeting, development environment and logistics demand analysis, the overall layout planning and design, business operations analysis. It has placed an emphasis on the study of logistics park planning program evaluation and analysis,and it constructs the evaluation indicator system of railway logistics park planning program, which evaluate and demonstrate technical performance, economic performance, social performance of the logistics park, in order to objectively assess their economic benefits, social benefits and technical advancement and adaptation; and this paper has given a comparative evaluation and analysis to railway logistics park planning program with the use of fuzzy method which is based on AHP and entropy value method. In order to determine the weight of evaluation index, we have used the Integrated subjective and objective weights method which is a Combination of the AHP and entropy values, this method integrate the subjective and objective weights using efficiency coefficient conversion method, which combine the expert evaluator's subjective knowledge, experience and objective information embodied in the data and has a good Rationality.
Finally, this paper planning the railway transportation logistics park projects of Shandong province gaomi city with the use of research results as the theoretical basis for empirical analysis, and evaluate and analyze the three programs using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method described in the paper. The more objective and reasonable results achieved verify the science and correctness of the study of the railway logistics park planning and evaluation in the paper; in the other hand, the objective evaluation gives parks stakeholders a comprehensive and objective understanding on the establishment and development of the park, which plays an important role to the future decision-making; At last, this kind of study on the logistics park planning and evaluation has a certain theoretical value and much practical value to similar logistics park.
引文
[1]韩勇.物流园区系统规划的理论、方法和应用研究[D].[天津大学博士学位论文],2002,1.
[2]Janssen B J P, Oldenburger A H. Produce Channel Logistics and City Distribution Centers; the Case of the Netherlands[M]. OECD Seminar on Future Road Transport Systems and Infrastructures in Urban Areas,1991:94～104
[3]Ruske W. City Logistics-Solutions for Commercial Transport by Cooperative Operation Management[M].OECD Seminar on Advanced Road Transport Technologies,1994:35-46
[4]Weber A. On the Location of Industries(Translation of Uber Den Standortder Industrie,1909)[M]. Chicago:Univ. of Chicago Press,1929:78-82
[5]Beckman M, McGuire J,Winsten C B. Studies in the Economics of Transportation[M]. New Haven:Yale University Press,1956:14-17
[6]Drezner Z. Facility Location-A Survey of Applications and Methods[M]. Berlin: Springer,1995:23～26
[7]Noritake M, Kimura S. Optimum Allocation and Size of Seaports [J]. J. Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Eng. ASCE 116(2),1990:201～210
[8]Eiichi, T,Michihiko, N. Tadashi, Y,Toru, L, Optimal Size and Location Planning of Public Logistics Terminal. Transportation Research Part,1999:207-220
[9]Kombe. EstomihMartin, Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation Framework for Competitive Position in Developing Countries, Ph. D. Dissertation, Arizona State University,1995:29～32
[10]Chen-Tung Chen, A Fuzzy Approach to Select the Location of the Distribution Center, Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2001:65～73
[11]刘晓红.试论我国物流园区建设在物流发展中的重要性[J].综合运输,2001,02.
[12]陶经辉.物流园区数量确定和选址规划研究[J].软科学,2006.
[13]黄奕芹.港口国际物流园区规划研究[D].[华中科技大学],2006,10,24.
[14]李大颖.基于产业结构理论的物流园区规模与结构的研究[D].北京交通大学,2007,06.
[15]张晶.议物流园区的规划建设[J].城市规划与环境建设,2004.08.
[16]陶经辉,李旭宏.基于多指标群决策的物流园区规模确定方法研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(1)：151～155.
[17]王健,余政峰.物流中心选址的动态评价方法研究[J],2007,10.
[18]岳意定,刘志仁.物流园区规划建设规模确定的模糊语言多属性群决策模型[J].系统工程,2007,25(7)：45～47.
[19]夏纯欢.物流园区规划评价指标体系的构建[J].商场现代化,2007,12(52)：103～105.
[20]燕鹏飞.基于铁路的物流中心规划设计研究[J].物流科技,2005,9.
[21]姚鑫.铁路物流中心适应性综合评价研究[J].现代物流,2007(29).
[22]张晓东,潘华.城市铁路物流园区选址规划方法[J].城市交通,2009,9.
[23]姜庆国,王立海.铁路物流中心绩效的模糊综合评判[J].森林工程,2009,25(1)：89～92.
[24]黄丽娟.江西现代物流业及物流发展平台-基于神经网络的物流园区选址规划的建模研究[J].科技广场,2005(5)：82～83.
[25]杨茂盛,王秀芝.基于三角模糊数和一种新标度层次分析法的物流园区规划的综合评价[J].物流科技,2007(11)：132～134.
[26]张潜.区域物流系统建模与实务[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2007(9)：112～116.
[27]张云龙.物流园区评价方法研究[J].交通标准化,2005(10)：56～59.
[28]梁新元.物流的划分研究[J].西南民族学院学报(自然科学版),2002,28(3)：390-392
[30]何黎明.中国物流园区[M].中国物资出版社,2009,6：28-29.
[31]***,***.从物流业和铁路史的发展论述我国“铁路物流”的概念与定位[J].物流技术,2007.176(5)：36—40,86.
[32]杨杰,翁振松.铁路物流园区及货运量预测问题分析[J].经济物流,2008,1
[33]何树连.试析我国加入WTO对铁路物流业的影响及应对策略[J].铁道物资科学管理,2000(4).
[34]张小军,户佐安,周亚军.铁路物流中心信息系统的功能框架研究[J].交通标准化,2005,(4).
[35]MSFLB—物流园区规划方法,http://www.tt91.com/overseas/wenzhang_detail.asp?ID= 100835&sPage= 1.
[36]万涛.铁路物流中心选址布局规划问题研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2009,6.
[37]张丹羽,廖莉.物流系统教程[M].山东大学出版社,2006,8.
[38]《物流业调整和振兴规划》,http://baike.baidu.com/view/2434196.htm?fi=ala0_1.
[39]刘林.应用模糊数学[M].陕西科学技术出版社,2007.
[40]兰建华,严余松.铁路物流园区规划研究[J].现代物流,2003(25)
[41]王华成.建设现代铁路物流中心的探讨[J].现代物流,2007(7)
[42]张殿业.铁路行车安全理论及应运技术[M].中国铁道出版社,2004,8：119-129.
[44]马成林,毛海军,李旭宏.物流园区内部功能区布局方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2008,12.
[45]张晓东.物流园区布局规划理论研究[M].北京：北京物资出版社,2004.
[46]王均平,王东梁,付永军.铁路物流发展模型预测[J].物流科技,2007,11.
[47]陆添超,康凯.熵值法和层次分析法在权重确定中的应用[J],软件开发与设计,2009,9.
[48]酒小涛,徐琪.基于层次分析法和熵值法的综合模型对ABC分类法的改进[J].物流科技,2009,10.
[49]陈孝新.几种综合评价方法的实证比较[J].江西财经大学学报,2004,3.
[50]李鸿志.港口物流系统的评价指标体系[J].中国物流与采购,2005,5.
[51]鲍新中,刘小军.物流系统评价的数量化方法及其应用[J].工业工程,2007,7.
[52]王友顺,田丽妮.国外物流园区开发模式的有益借鉴[J],科技创业,2005,18(7)：40—41.
[53]陈兴跃.中国物流发展研究报告[J].物流技术与应用,2000,3.
[54]李维智.现代物流对铁路货运影响分析及铁路物流发展途径[J].长沙铁道学院学报,2003.
[55]汪鸣.交通运输与物流[J].物流技术与应用,2000,2.
[56]沈鹏.铁路运输企业发展现代物流应注意提高运输能力[J].集装箱化,2002,4.
[57]张咏.铁路物流中心规划方法与实例研究[D].西南交通大学,2008,6.
[58]张建兵.我国港口物流水平的系统评价与分析[D].大连海事大学,2006,9.
[2]Janssen B J P, Oldenburger A H. Produce Channel Logistics and City Distribution Centers; the Case of the Netherlands[M]. OECD Seminar on Future Road Transport Systems and Infrastructures in Urban Areas,1991:94～104
[3]Ruske W. City Logistics-Solutions for Commercial Transport by Cooperative Operation Management[M].OECD Seminar on Advanced Road Transport Technologies,1994:35-46
[4]Weber A. On the Location of Industries(Translation of Uber Den Standortder Industrie,1909)[M]. Chicago:Univ. of Chicago Press,1929:78-82
[5]Beckman M, McGuire J,Winsten C B. Studies in the Economics of Transportation[M]. New Haven:Yale University Press,1956:14-17
[6]Drezner Z. Facility Location-A Survey of Applications and Methods[M]. Berlin: Springer,1995:23～26
[7]Noritake M, Kimura S. Optimum Allocation and Size of Seaports [J]. J. Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Eng. ASCE 116(2),1990:201～210
[8]Eiichi, T,Michihiko, N. Tadashi, Y,Toru, L, Optimal Size and Location Planning of Public Logistics Terminal. Transportation Research Part,1999:207-220
[9]Kombe. EstomihMartin, Manufacturing Feasibility Evaluation Framework for Competitive Position in Developing Countries, Ph. D. Dissertation, Arizona State University,1995:29～32
[10]Chen-Tung Chen, A Fuzzy Approach to Select the Location of the Distribution Center, Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2001:65～73
[11]刘晓红.试论我国物流园区建设在物流发展中的重要性[J].综合运输,2001,02.
[12]陶经辉.物流园区数量确定和选址规划研究[J].软科学,2006.
[13]黄奕芹.港口国际物流园区规划研究[D].[华中科技大学],2006,10,24.
[14]李大颖.基于产业结构理论的物流园区规模与结构的研究[D].北京交通大学,2007,06.
[15]张晶.议物流园区的规划建设[J].城市规划与环境建设,2004.08.
[16]陶经辉,李旭宏.基于多指标群决策的物流园区规模确定方法研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(1)：151～155.
[17]王健,余政峰.物流中心选址的动态评价方法研究[J],2007,10.
[18]岳意定,刘志仁.物流园区规划建设规模确定的模糊语言多属性群决策模型[J].系统工程,2007,25(7)：45～47.
[19]夏纯欢.物流园区规划评价指标体系的构建[J].商场现代化,2007,12(52)：103～105.
[20]燕鹏飞.基于铁路的物流中心规划设计研究[J].物流科技,2005,9.
[21]姚鑫.铁路物流中心适应性综合评价研究[J].现代物流,2007(29).
[22]张晓东,潘华.城市铁路物流园区选址规划方法[J].城市交通,2009,9.
[23]姜庆国,王立海.铁路物流中心绩效的模糊综合评判[J].森林工程,2009,25(1)：89～92.
[24]黄丽娟.江西现代物流业及物流发展平台-基于神经网络的物流园区选址规划的建模研究[J].科技广场,2005(5)：82～83.
[25]杨茂盛,王秀芝.基于三角模糊数和一种新标度层次分析法的物流园区规划的综合评价[J].物流科技,2007(11)：132～134.
[26]张潜.区域物流系统建模与实务[M].北京：北京理工大学出版社,2007(9)：112～116.
[27]张云龙.物流园区评价方法研究[J].交通标准化,2005(10)：56～59.
[28]梁新元.物流的划分研究[J].西南民族学院学报(自然科学版),2002,28(3)：390-392
[30]何黎明.中国物流园区[M].中国物资出版社,2009,6：28-29.
[31]***,***.从物流业和铁路史的发展论述我国“铁路物流”的概念与定位[J].物流技术,2007.176(5)：36—40,86.
[32]杨杰,翁振松.铁路物流园区及货运量预测问题分析[J].经济物流,2008,1
[33]何树连.试析我国加入WTO对铁路物流业的影响及应对策略[J].铁道物资科学管理,2000(4).
[34]张小军,户佐安,周亚军.铁路物流中心信息系统的功能框架研究[J].交通标准化,2005,(4).
[35]MSFLB—物流园区规划方法,http://www.tt91.com/overseas/wenzhang_detail.asp?ID= 100835&sPage= 1.
[36]万涛.铁路物流中心选址布局规划问题研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2009,6.
[37]张丹羽,廖莉.物流系统教程[M].山东大学出版社,2006,8.
[38]《物流业调整和振兴规划》,http://baike.baidu.com/view/2434196.htm?fi=ala0_1.
[39]刘林.应用模糊数学[M].陕西科学技术出版社,2007.
[40]兰建华,严余松.铁路物流园区规划研究[J].现代物流,2003(25)
[41]王华成.建设现代铁路物流中心的探讨[J].现代物流,2007(7)
[42]张殿业.铁路行车安全理论及应运技术[M].中国铁道出版社,2004,8：119-129.
[44]马成林,毛海军,李旭宏.物流园区内部功能区布局方法[J].交通运输工程学报,2008,12.
[45]张晓东.物流园区布局规划理论研究[M].北京：北京物资出版社,2004.
[46]王均平,王东梁,付永军.铁路物流发展模型预测[J].物流科技,2007,11.
[47]陆添超,康凯.熵值法和层次分析法在权重确定中的应用[J],软件开发与设计,2009,9.
[48]酒小涛,徐琪.基于层次分析法和熵值法的综合模型对ABC分类法的改进[J].物流科技,2009,10.
[49]陈孝新.几种综合评价方法的实证比较[J].江西财经大学学报,2004,3.
[50]李鸿志.港口物流系统的评价指标体系[J].中国物流与采购,2005,5.
[51]鲍新中,刘小军.物流系统评价的数量化方法及其应用[J].工业工程,2007,7.
[52]王友顺,田丽妮.国外物流园区开发模式的有益借鉴[J],科技创业,2005,18(7)：40—41.
[53]陈兴跃.中国物流发展研究报告[J].物流技术与应用,2000,3.
[54]李维智.现代物流对铁路货运影响分析及铁路物流发展途径[J].长沙铁道学院学报,2003.
[55]汪鸣.交通运输与物流[J].物流技术与应用,2000,2.
[56]沈鹏.铁路运输企业发展现代物流应注意提高运输能力[J].集装箱化,2002,4.
[57]张咏.铁路物流中心规划方法与实例研究[D].西南交通大学,2008,6.
[58]张建兵.我国港口物流水平的系统评价与分析[D].大连海事大学,2006,9.