大岗山水电站大型地下厂房洞室群施工期快速反分析研究
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摘要
随着西部大开发战略的实施,在未来几十年我国将在西部规划并建立许多大型水利水电工程,水电站地下洞室施工开挖,需要进行大量的岩体开挖,初始地应力和岩体力学参数是分析地下洞群围岩稳定的关键。因此准确模拟水电厂区的初始地应力场和合理确定岩体力学参数具有十分重要的工程意义和应用价值。
本文以大岗山水电站为工程背景,在系统分析的基础上,对厂区地应力进行了反演；建立了一种计算量小,效率高的岩体力学参数位移反分析方法,有效解决了地下洞室群施工期岩体力学参数的反演问题,并对大岗山水电站稳定性进行了预测分析,为工程的设计和施工提供了指导性的建议。具体说来,本文研究内容如下：
1、应用多元回归分析与应力函数拟合法,对大岗山地下厂房初始地应力进行了反演,获得了厂区的初始地应力场和相应的拟合应力函数,反演计算分析有效揭示了厂区初始地应力场的分布特征和变化规律。
2、在进行位移反分析法理论分析的基础上,综合考虑了正交试验设计,效应计算的优点,建立了岩体力学参数的基于正交设计多目标效应优化的位移反分析方法。
3、用建立的基于正交设计多目标效应优化位移反分析方法,按照地下厂房开挖步骤,对每一层开挖均进行岩体的力学参数反演,得到了不同开挖层的岩体力学参数。
4、应用反演获得岩体力学参数,对当前开挖层的围岩稳定性进行分析,获得围岩位移、应力、塑性区的变化规律；模拟下一层的开挖支护计算,根据计算结果对围岩的位移、应力状态和塑性区分布规律进行了预测分析。
5、根据各开挖层的预测分析结果,对施工开挖以及影响围岩稳定性的软弱岩脉和断层的加固处理提供了指导性的建议,并及时反馈给施工单位。
With the implementation of the strategy of the Western Development, our country will plan and establish many large water conservancy and hydropower projects in the west in the next few years. It needs a lot of rock excavations underground concerning the hydropower station cavern construction, then the initial geostress and rock mechanics parameters are very crucial for the stability analysis of the surrounding rocks. Therefore, accurate simulation of the initial geostress and rational determination of rock mechanics parameters have very important engineering significance and application value.
Dagangshan hydroelectric power station was selected as the engineering background of this paper, and inversion for the initial geostress field has been done based on systematic analysis. A displacement back analysis method to determine the rock mechanics parameters was set up, which has less calculation and high efficiency. It has resolved the inverse problem of the rock mechanics parameters during underground caverns effectively; meantime it has forecasted analysis for the stability of Dagangshan hydroelectric power station and supplied instructional suggestion for engineering design and construction. More specifically, this paper will discuss as below:
1. Applying regression analysis and orthogonal polynomials fitting for the inversion of the Dagangshan underground initial geostress field, the hydropower initial geostress field and the corresponding fitting stress function have been obtained. The distribution and variation of the hydropower plant ground stress has been revealed by the inversion.
2. A displacement back-analysis method based on orthogonal design and multi-objective effect optimization for rock mechanics parameters was set up by considering the advantage of orthogonal design and effect calculation on basis of theoretical analysis of displacement back-analysis method.
3. According to the procedure of underground powerhouse excavation, each excavation was simulated using the method above, and the various excavation layer of rock mechanics parameters have been obtained.
4. Using the rock mechanics parameters obtained by inversion, the stability of surrounding rock near the current excavation was analyzed and the variation law of displacement, stress and plastic zone were obtained. Then the calculations for the supportings of next excavation were done to forecast the distribution of displacement, stress and plastic zone base on the results.
5. According to the forecast analysis results of each excavation, the guiding suggestions focused on reinforcement treatment of the weakness of dykes and faults that may impact on the stability of surrounding rock excavation have been proposed and fed back to the construction sector in time.
本文以大岗山水电站为工程背景,在系统分析的基础上,对厂区地应力进行了反演；建立了一种计算量小,效率高的岩体力学参数位移反分析方法,有效解决了地下洞室群施工期岩体力学参数的反演问题,并对大岗山水电站稳定性进行了预测分析,为工程的设计和施工提供了指导性的建议。具体说来,本文研究内容如下：
1、应用多元回归分析与应力函数拟合法,对大岗山地下厂房初始地应力进行了反演,获得了厂区的初始地应力场和相应的拟合应力函数,反演计算分析有效揭示了厂区初始地应力场的分布特征和变化规律。
2、在进行位移反分析法理论分析的基础上,综合考虑了正交试验设计,效应计算的优点,建立了岩体力学参数的基于正交设计多目标效应优化的位移反分析方法。
3、用建立的基于正交设计多目标效应优化位移反分析方法,按照地下厂房开挖步骤,对每一层开挖均进行岩体的力学参数反演,得到了不同开挖层的岩体力学参数。
4、应用反演获得岩体力学参数,对当前开挖层的围岩稳定性进行分析,获得围岩位移、应力、塑性区的变化规律；模拟下一层的开挖支护计算,根据计算结果对围岩的位移、应力状态和塑性区分布规律进行了预测分析。
5、根据各开挖层的预测分析结果,对施工开挖以及影响围岩稳定性的软弱岩脉和断层的加固处理提供了指导性的建议,并及时反馈给施工单位。
With the implementation of the strategy of the Western Development, our country will plan and establish many large water conservancy and hydropower projects in the west in the next few years. It needs a lot of rock excavations underground concerning the hydropower station cavern construction, then the initial geostress and rock mechanics parameters are very crucial for the stability analysis of the surrounding rocks. Therefore, accurate simulation of the initial geostress and rational determination of rock mechanics parameters have very important engineering significance and application value.
Dagangshan hydroelectric power station was selected as the engineering background of this paper, and inversion for the initial geostress field has been done based on systematic analysis. A displacement back analysis method to determine the rock mechanics parameters was set up, which has less calculation and high efficiency. It has resolved the inverse problem of the rock mechanics parameters during underground caverns effectively; meantime it has forecasted analysis for the stability of Dagangshan hydroelectric power station and supplied instructional suggestion for engineering design and construction. More specifically, this paper will discuss as below:
1. Applying regression analysis and orthogonal polynomials fitting for the inversion of the Dagangshan underground initial geostress field, the hydropower initial geostress field and the corresponding fitting stress function have been obtained. The distribution and variation of the hydropower plant ground stress has been revealed by the inversion.
2. A displacement back-analysis method based on orthogonal design and multi-objective effect optimization for rock mechanics parameters was set up by considering the advantage of orthogonal design and effect calculation on basis of theoretical analysis of displacement back-analysis method.
3. According to the procedure of underground powerhouse excavation, each excavation was simulated using the method above, and the various excavation layer of rock mechanics parameters have been obtained.
4. Using the rock mechanics parameters obtained by inversion, the stability of surrounding rock near the current excavation was analyzed and the variation law of displacement, stress and plastic zone were obtained. Then the calculations for the supportings of next excavation were done to forecast the distribution of displacement, stress and plastic zone base on the results.
5. According to the forecast analysis results of each excavation, the guiding suggestions focused on reinforcement treatment of the weakness of dykes and faults that may impact on the stability of surrounding rock excavation have been proposed and fed back to the construction sector in time.
引文
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