基于改进PSO算法的结构模型修正与损伤检测
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摘要
在大型工程结构设计过程中需要进行有限元结构动力分析,然而没有哪个分析模型可以完全反映结构的真实情况,如果直接使用结构静力模型,不但浪费计算工作量,影响计算效率,还会引入很多不必要的局部模态,影响以后的响应分析。利用现场实测的结构振动信息修正结构动力模型,使得修正后的分析模型的模态参数与实测值趋于一致是一种比较有效的结构模型修正方法。这种方法现在又被引入到解决结构损伤检测中,取得了很好的结果。
本文将混沌思想与粒子群优化算法相结合,得到改进粒子群优化算法。通过对基准测试函数进行优化计算验证,无论在迭代效率还是收敛性上都优于粒子群算法。
本文提出了基于改进粒子群算法的模型修正方法,采用已有实测数据的虎门大桥作为研究对象,对其有限元模型进行模型修正,结果得到的模态参数与实测模态参数误差较小,说明该改进粒子群算法是可以应用于模型修正的。
本文提出了基于改进粒子群算法的结构损伤检测方法,对轻微损伤悬臂板进行了损伤识别,结果表明,改进粒子群算法对单损伤和多损伤的识别结果都令人满意。
In the design of large engineering structures requires dynamic finite element analysis, but none can fully reflect the true structure, if you direct use the static structural model, not only a waste of computing workload and computational efficiency, but also to introduce a lot of unnecessary local mode, affect the subsequent response analysis. Using the measurement of structural vibration information updating the structure dynamic model, making the modified modal parameters of the model in line with the measured value is a more effective method of structural model updating. This method is introduced to solve the damage detection of structures now, and achieved very good results.
This thesis combined the chaology and Particle Swarm Optimization, then get the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization. Through optimizing benchmark functions, whether in the iterative calculation efficiency or on convergence is superior to the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
This thesis put forward the model correction methods basing on the improved particle swarm algorithm,. Using the measured data of existing Humen bridge as the research object, finitng the element model, the model results error of modal parameters is better than used modal parameter, The improved particle swarm algorithm is applied to the correction model.
This thesis also put forward the structural damage detection method based on improved particle swarm algorithm,. The damage for minor damage cantilever plate identification show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for single damage and more damage identification results are satisfactory.
本文将混沌思想与粒子群优化算法相结合,得到改进粒子群优化算法。通过对基准测试函数进行优化计算验证,无论在迭代效率还是收敛性上都优于粒子群算法。
本文提出了基于改进粒子群算法的模型修正方法,采用已有实测数据的虎门大桥作为研究对象,对其有限元模型进行模型修正,结果得到的模态参数与实测模态参数误差较小,说明该改进粒子群算法是可以应用于模型修正的。
本文提出了基于改进粒子群算法的结构损伤检测方法,对轻微损伤悬臂板进行了损伤识别,结果表明,改进粒子群算法对单损伤和多损伤的识别结果都令人满意。
In the design of large engineering structures requires dynamic finite element analysis, but none can fully reflect the true structure, if you direct use the static structural model, not only a waste of computing workload and computational efficiency, but also to introduce a lot of unnecessary local mode, affect the subsequent response analysis. Using the measurement of structural vibration information updating the structure dynamic model, making the modified modal parameters of the model in line with the measured value is a more effective method of structural model updating. This method is introduced to solve the damage detection of structures now, and achieved very good results.
This thesis combined the chaology and Particle Swarm Optimization, then get the Improved Particle Swarm Optimization. Through optimizing benchmark functions, whether in the iterative calculation efficiency or on convergence is superior to the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
This thesis put forward the model correction methods basing on the improved particle swarm algorithm,. Using the measured data of existing Humen bridge as the research object, finitng the element model, the model results error of modal parameters is better than used modal parameter, The improved particle swarm algorithm is applied to the correction model.
This thesis also put forward the structural damage detection method based on improved particle swarm algorithm,. The damage for minor damage cantilever plate identification show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for single damage and more damage identification results are satisfactory.
引文
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[7]刘述奎,陈维荣,李奇,林川,段涛.基于自适应聚焦粒子群算法的电力系统无功优化.电力系统保护与控制.2009,37(13)：1-6.
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[35]刘晓 ,张凌霞,牟让科.基于GVT结果和MSC Nastran优化功能的有限元模型修正.计算机辅助工程,2006,15(1)：44-45.
[36]郭力,李兆霞,陈鸿天.基于子结构分析的多重子步模型修正方法.中国工程科学,2006,8(9)：42-48.
[37]桂冰,戴华.结构计算模型修正的二次约束最小二乘算法.振动与冲击,2006,25(2)：41-43.
[38]童宗鹏,章艺,华宏星.基于频响函数灵敏度分析的舰艇模型修正.上海交通大学学报,2005,39(11)：1847-1850.
[39]费庆国,李爱群,张令弥.基于神经网络的非线性结构有限元模型修正研究.宇航学报,2005,26(3)：267-269.
[40]朱安文,曲广吉,高耀南.航天器结构动力模型修正中的缩聚方法.中国空间技术,2003,4(2)：6-10.
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[2]Shi Y, Eberhart R C.A modified particle swarm optimizer. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation.Anchorage,1998:69-73.
[3]Al-Kazemi B. Multi-phase particle swarm optimization. Computer Engineering in the Graduate School,Syracuse University,2002.
[4]夏品奇.斜拉桥有限元建模与模型修正.振动工程学报.2003,16(2)：219-223.
[5]朱宏平,徐斌,黄玉盈.结构动力模型修正方法的比较研究及评估.力学进展.2002,32(4)：513-525.
[6]Higashi N, Iba H. Particle swarm optimization with Gaussian mutation. Proceedings of the 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation,Piscataway:IEEE press,2003:72-79.
[7]刘述奎,陈维荣,李奇,林川,段涛.基于自适应聚焦粒子群算法的电力系统无功优化.电力系统保护与控制.2009,37(13)：1-6.
[8]杜昌平,孙化东,周德云,宋笔锋.粒子群算法的弹道参数辨识方法.火力与指挥控制.2009,34(7)：162-164.
[9]王青,端木京顺,许磊.基于粒子群优化的军事物流配送中心选址.计算机工程与设计.2009,30(15)：3597-3599.
[10]高尚,杨静宇.群智能算法及其应用.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[11]荣见华.利用动响应数据修正动力模型的一种方法.机械强度.1993,15(2)：7-10.
[12]荣见华,郑健龙,徐飞鸿.结构动力修改及优化设计.北京：人民交通出版社.2002.10
[13]Astrom kJ,Eykhoff P. System identification-asurvey. Automatic,1971,7:123-162
[14]朱宏平,徐斌,黄玉盈.结构动力模型修正方法的比较研究及评估.力学进展.2002,32(4)：513-525
[15]Guyan R J. Reduction of stiffness and mass matrices. AIAA J,1965,3:380-385
[16]Kidder R L. Reduction of structural frequency equations. AIAA Journal 1997,3 (11): 892-898
[17]Zhu H P. Finite element model updating using test modal data. Inter Conference on Advances in Structural Dynamics, Hongkong,2002(12):13-15.UK:Elsevier Science Ltd,2002.1117-1126
[18]Fox R L, Kapoor M P. Rates of change of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. AIAA Journal 1968,6(12):2426-2429
[19]Nelson R B. Simplified calculation of eigenvector derivatives. AIAA Journal 1976, 14(9):1201-1205
[20]Lim K B, Junkins J L, B P Wang. Re-examination of eigenvector derivatives. Journal of Guidance, Control and Dynamics.1987,10(6):581-587
[21]Ojalvo I U. Efficient computation of mode shape derivatives for large dynamic systems. AIAA Journal 1987,25(10):1386-1390
[22]Sutter T R, Camarda C J, Walsh J L, Adelman H M. Comparison of several methods for calculating vibration mode shape derivatives. AIAA Journal 1988,26(12):1506-1511
[23]Smith J M, Hutton S G. Frequency modification using newton's method and nverse iteration eigenvector updating. AIAA Journal 1992,30(7):1886-1891
[24]Farhat C, Hemez F M. Updating finite element dynamic models using an element-by-element sensitivity methodology. AIAA Journal 1993,31(9),1702-1711
[25]Lin R M, Ewins D J. Model updating using FRF data. In:Proceedings of the 15th International Seminar on Modal Analysis, Leuven,1990-09-19-21. Leuven: Belgium.1990: 141-162
[26]Visser W J, Imregun M. A technique to update finite element models using frequency response data. In:Alfred L W, Dominick J, DeMichele, eds. Proceedings of the 9th International Modal Analysis Conference, Florence,1991-09-10-12. Kissimmee:Union College,1991:462-468
[27]Imregun M, Sanliturk K Y, Ewins D J. Finite element model updating using frequency response function data-II:case study on a medium-size finite element model. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing.1995,9(2):203-213
[28]李宁等.粒子群优化算法的发展与展望.武汉理工大学学报.2005：26-29
[29]李剑,洪嘉振,李伟明.模型修正的正交模型-正交模态改进法.动力学与控制学报,2008,6(1)：61-65.
[30]王乐,杨智春,李斌,谭光辉,刘江华.基于固有频率向量的模型修正方法.西北工业大学学报,2008,26(1)：93-98.
[31]唐晓峰,王皓,唐国安.动力学缩聚模型修正的矩阵逼近法.上海航天,2007,5：10-13.
[32]郭力.结构多尺度模型修正方法研究.中国力学学会学术大会2009论文摘要集,2009年
[33]王凤阳,赵岩,林家浩.基于功率谱密度的结构动力模型修正方法.第六届全国随机振动理论与应用学术会议论文摘要集.2008年
[34]余岭,万祖勇,朱宏平,徐德毅.基于POS算法的结构模型修正与损伤检测.振动与冲击,2006,25(5)：37-39.
[35]刘晓 ,张凌霞,牟让科.基于GVT结果和MSC Nastran优化功能的有限元模型修正.计算机辅助工程,2006,15(1)：44-45.
[36]郭力,李兆霞,陈鸿天.基于子结构分析的多重子步模型修正方法.中国工程科学,2006,8(9)：42-48.
[37]桂冰,戴华.结构计算模型修正的二次约束最小二乘算法.振动与冲击,2006,25(2)：41-43.
[38]童宗鹏,章艺,华宏星.基于频响函数灵敏度分析的舰艇模型修正.上海交通大学学报,2005,39(11)：1847-1850.
[39]费庆国,李爱群,张令弥.基于神经网络的非线性结构有限元模型修正研究.宇航学报,2005,26(3)：267-269.
[40]朱安文,曲广吉,高耀南.航天器结构动力模型修正中的缩聚方法.中国空间技术,2003,4(2)：6-10.
[41]冯文贤,陈新.基于实验复模态参数的有限元模型修正.航空学报,1999,20(1)：11-16.
[42]孙木楠,史志俊.基于粒子群优化算法的结构模型修改.振动工程学报,2004,17(3)：350-353.
[43]苏越.基于蚁群优化算法的结构动力模型修正.南京：南京理工大学硕士论文,2008.
[44]李静.土木工程结构损伤检测的研究概述.山西建筑.2009,35(7)：97-98
[45]Heppner Flocks.F. and U. Grenander. A Stochastic Nonlinear Model for Coordinated Bird Flocks [M] In S.,Krasner, ED., the Ubiquity of Chaos. AAAS Publications, Washington. DC 1990.
[46]博弈创作室.APDL参数化有限元分析技术及其应用实例.北京：中国水利水电出版社,2004.3.
[47]陈长冰.VC与APDL的混合编程应用.黄山学院学报,2005.7(3)：73-74.
[48]雷俊卿,郑明珠,徐恭义.悬索桥设计.北京：人民交通出版社,2001.10.
[49]严国敏.现代悬索桥.北京：人民交通出版社,2001.12.
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