拉深工艺软件工程分析与CAD
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摘要
随着计算机应用的日益普及和深入,人们对软件的需求量急剧增加,以软件的说明、开发、维护和管理为内容的软件工程学得到了广泛的应用。其经典的结构化分析—结构化设计—结构化程序设计(SA-SD-SP)方法已被程序设计者所广泛应用。随着CAD技术的不断发展,CAD技术被广泛应用于不同的科学领域,模具CAD技术也得到了快速发展并建立了许多模具CAD系统,例如:冲裁模CAD系统、挤压模CAD系统等等。但是在国内,就拉深工艺系统而言,虽然已有人建立了相关的CAD系统,但它往往只是涉及其中的一种或几种拉深件。也就是说,人们还尚未建立一套完整的拉深工艺CAD系统,这对于拉深工艺的设计者来说,无疑是一个比较大的麻烦。因为设计者在设计时不但需要查阅大量的参考资料,而且还需进行大量的工艺计算。因此,建立一套完整的拉深工艺CAD系统对于设计者来说是非常必要的。鉴于此,该系统遵循软件工程学的原理,以Visual Basic 6.0为开发工具,参照传统的拉深工艺设计过程,建立了一套完整的拉深工艺CAD系统。在该系统中主要包括以下几方面内容:
(1)旋转体零件 筒形件(无凸缘筒形件和带凸缘筒形件)、阶梯形件、锥形件、半球形件及抛物线形件。
(2)非旋转体零件 盒形零件(矩形盒和方形盒)和复杂形状零件。其中,对于筒形件(无凸缘筒形件和带凸缘筒形件)及盒形件(矩形盒和方形盒)的工艺设计通过参照传统的工艺设计方法,运用手册、资料中的公式及计算方法来得以实现;而对于阶梯形件、锥形件、半球形件、抛物线形件及复杂形状的零件,则根据零件的不同特征给出它的设计要点、设计方法、设计准则及设计思路等等。
论文中以无凸缘筒形件的CAD系统开发为例,运用软件工程学中的结构化分析—结构化设计—结构化程序设计方法对整个系统进行了软件工程分析,并以此为基础,开发了拉深工艺CAD系统。实际应用表明,该系统的用户界面友好、简捷、明了且具有良好的可视化功能,人机对话相当方便。其功能符合基本的工艺设计要求,并充分考虑了今后系统的可
With the increasing popularity and deepness of the application of computer, the requirements of software improve sharply; software engineering that includes software's illumination, development, maintenance and management gets wide application. It's classical Structured Analysis--Structured Design--Structured Programming (SA-SD-SP) also been widely applied by programmer. With the development of CAD technology, CAD technology has been widely used in many science fields, and people have established a great deal of CAD systems. At the same time, mould and die CAD also gets quick development, people have established a lot of mould CAD systems by far, such as die CAD system, extrusion mould CAD system ,etc. Though some people have established some CAD systems of drawing process in our country, it only includes one drawing part or some drawing parts. That it to say, people have not established an integrated CAD system for drawing process. It is difficult to design a drawing part for designer. Because the designer not only need referring to a lot of information, but also need a great deal of process calculation. As a result, it is necessary to build an integrated CAD system for drawing process for designer. Thus this CAD system bases on the principle of software engineering, uses Visual Basic 6.0 as development tool and simulates classical design process of drawing process to build an integrated CAD system for drawing process. The main researching content of this CAD system is following:(1) Whirl part: cylinder part (flangeless cylinder part and flange cylinder part), trapezoidal part, taper part, half ball part and parabola part.(2) Whirlless part: boxlike part (rectangular box part and quadrate box part), complicated part.In this CAD system, the design process of cylinder part and boxlike part are accomplished by simulating classical method of design process and using formula and calculating method which exist now; for other parts the outline of design and the thought of design are provided according to the characteristic of the part.In this paper, the CAD system development of flangeless cylinder part is
presented as an example, SA-SD-SP is used to the part's software engineering analysis, and developt CAD system for drawing process on the basic. The practical application shows that the visual interface of this CAD system is friendly and concise, which successful realizes man-machine conversation. The function of this CAD system accord with the demand of design process, and the expansibility also is fully considerated. The designer can be free from referring to a lot of information and computing many data by using auto-search and auto-compute. The designer not only can improve the quality and speed of a design, but also can successfully reduce cost and imrove design efficiency.
(1)旋转体零件 筒形件(无凸缘筒形件和带凸缘筒形件)、阶梯形件、锥形件、半球形件及抛物线形件。
(2)非旋转体零件 盒形零件(矩形盒和方形盒)和复杂形状零件。其中,对于筒形件(无凸缘筒形件和带凸缘筒形件)及盒形件(矩形盒和方形盒)的工艺设计通过参照传统的工艺设计方法,运用手册、资料中的公式及计算方法来得以实现;而对于阶梯形件、锥形件、半球形件、抛物线形件及复杂形状的零件,则根据零件的不同特征给出它的设计要点、设计方法、设计准则及设计思路等等。
论文中以无凸缘筒形件的CAD系统开发为例,运用软件工程学中的结构化分析—结构化设计—结构化程序设计方法对整个系统进行了软件工程分析,并以此为基础,开发了拉深工艺CAD系统。实际应用表明,该系统的用户界面友好、简捷、明了且具有良好的可视化功能,人机对话相当方便。其功能符合基本的工艺设计要求,并充分考虑了今后系统的可
With the increasing popularity and deepness of the application of computer, the requirements of software improve sharply; software engineering that includes software's illumination, development, maintenance and management gets wide application. It's classical Structured Analysis--Structured Design--Structured Programming (SA-SD-SP) also been widely applied by programmer. With the development of CAD technology, CAD technology has been widely used in many science fields, and people have established a great deal of CAD systems. At the same time, mould and die CAD also gets quick development, people have established a lot of mould CAD systems by far, such as die CAD system, extrusion mould CAD system ,etc. Though some people have established some CAD systems of drawing process in our country, it only includes one drawing part or some drawing parts. That it to say, people have not established an integrated CAD system for drawing process. It is difficult to design a drawing part for designer. Because the designer not only need referring to a lot of information, but also need a great deal of process calculation. As a result, it is necessary to build an integrated CAD system for drawing process for designer. Thus this CAD system bases on the principle of software engineering, uses Visual Basic 6.0 as development tool and simulates classical design process of drawing process to build an integrated CAD system for drawing process. The main researching content of this CAD system is following:(1) Whirl part: cylinder part (flangeless cylinder part and flange cylinder part), trapezoidal part, taper part, half ball part and parabola part.(2) Whirlless part: boxlike part (rectangular box part and quadrate box part), complicated part.In this CAD system, the design process of cylinder part and boxlike part are accomplished by simulating classical method of design process and using formula and calculating method which exist now; for other parts the outline of design and the thought of design are provided according to the characteristic of the part.In this paper, the CAD system development of flangeless cylinder part is
presented as an example, SA-SD-SP is used to the part's software engineering analysis, and developt CAD system for drawing process on the basic. The practical application shows that the visual interface of this CAD system is friendly and concise, which successful realizes man-machine conversation. The function of this CAD system accord with the demand of design process, and the expansibility also is fully considerated. The designer can be free from referring to a lot of information and computing many data by using auto-search and auto-compute. The designer not only can improve the quality and speed of a design, but also can successfully reduce cost and imrove design efficiency.
引文
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2.颜永年.先进制造技术.北京:化学工业出版社,2002.1
3.盛晓敏,邓朝晖.先进制造技术.北京:机械工业出版社,2000.9
4.第一机械工业部铸造锻压机械研究所.国外冲压自动化发展概况.1978
5. http:/www.china-machine.com/adv_technology/key_tec/frist.htm.设计自动化CAD技术
6.冲压机械化与自动化编写组.冲压机械化与自动化.机械工业出版社,1982
7.山东工学院.锻压生产机械化自动化.1976
8. C. B. Besant. Computer Aided Design and Manufacture. Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1980
9. Groover M. P., Zimmer E. W. CAD/Cam: Computer-aided Design and Manufacturing. New York: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1984
10.李志刚.模具CAD/CAM.机械工业出版社,1997.10
11.胡祖宣等.微型计算机辅助设计系统.北京:科学技术文献出版社,1982
12. Scriver. S. A. R, Computer Aided Design and Manufacture—State of the Art Report, Pergarmon Infotech Ltd, 1985
13.余长高,蒋锡蕃.机械制造中的计算机辅助设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1982
14.黄瑞清,王世佐.计算机辅助机械零件设计.上海交通大学出版社.1991.12
15. http://www.mie.gxsti.net.cn/jszt/view.asp?ID=121 CAD/CAM.技术的现状
16.李德群,陈兴.模具CAD/CAM系统的开发与应用(一).电加工,1996(6)
17.蒋奎华.冲压工艺与模具设计.机械工业出版社,1997.5
18.肖景荣,姜奎华.冲压工艺学.北京:机械工业出版社,1990
19.孙家广.计算机辅助设计技术基础.北京:清华大学出版社,1990
20.李志刚,李德群等.模具计算机辅助设计.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990
21.熊火轮,胡世光.板料成形中的计算机辅助技术.北京:航空航天大学出版社.1994
22.肖祥芷.冲压工艺与模具计算机辅助设计.国防工业出版社,1996
23.现代模具技术编委会.模具CAD/CAM技术.国防工业出版社,1995
24.马泽恩.计算机辅助成形.西北工业大学出版社,1995.5
25.中国机械工程学会,中国模具设计大典编委会.中国模具设计大典:第1卷.江西科学技术出版社,2003.1
26.范宏才.现代锻压机械.机械工业出版社,1994.3
27.蔡自兴.人工智能及其应用.清华大学出版社,1996
28.姚锡凡,陈统坚.新技术革命与智能制造技术.中国机械工程,1997,Vol.8,No.6
29.王耀南.智能控制系统.湖南大学出版社,1996
30.党建武.神经网络技术及应用.中国铁道出版社,2000
31.储家佑.国外冲压技术水平及发展趋向.《精密冲裁文集》(第二辑),1981
32.http://nmcad.sjtu.edu.cn/.国家模具CAD工程研究中心
33.李德群等.软件工程方法在注塑模CAD软件开发中的应用.计算机应用.1996,16(1).
34.肖景容,李德群等.模具计算机辅助设计与制造.国防工业出版社,1990
35.张毅.现代冲压技术.国防工业出版社,1994.6
36. http://www.hust.edu.cn/chinese/research/modlab.htm. 塑性成型模拟及模具技术国家重点实验室
37.张春水.高效精密冲模设计与制造.西安电子科技大学出版社,1989.6
38. http://www.mie.gxsti.net.cn/jszt/view.asp?ID=121. CAD/CAM 技术的现状
39.蒋奎华.冲压工艺与模具设计.机械工业出版社 1997.5
40.肖景荣,姜奎华.冲压工艺学.北京:机械工业出版社,1990
41.李硕本.冲压工艺学.北京机械工业出版社,1982
42.肖景荣,周士能,肖祥芷.板料冲压.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1986
43.中国机械工程学会锻压学会.锻压手册(第二卷 冲压).北京:机械工业出版社,2002.1
44.王孝培.冲压手册(修订本).北京:机械工业出版社,1990
45.潘锦平.软件开发技术.1983.6
46.何克清.计算机软件工程学.武汉大学出版社,1983
47.马锦林.软件工程引论.南京大学出版社,1989.10
48. R. S. Pressman, Software Engineering-a Practitionger's Approach,
49. M. L. Shooman, Software Engineering,1983
50.张海藩.软件工程导论.第三版.北京:清华大学出版社,1998
51.郑人杰,殷人昆,陶永雷.实用软件工程(第二版).北京:清华大学出版社,1997
52.潘锦平.软件开发技术.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1985.2
53.林琪超.软件开发环境.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1991
54.赵晓华.计算机软件可靠性与质量管理.北京:中国经济出版社,1992
55.郑人杰,彭春龙.计算机辅助软件工程—CASE技术.北京:清华大学出版社,1994
56.周芝英,郑人杰译.计算机软件测试技术.北京:清华大学出版社.1985
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