上海生物产业集群自主创新研究
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摘要
在近年来经济全球化不断深入的背景下,经济区域化也在加强,产业创新成为其主要特征。各国竞相将发展产业集群作为提升其经济和科技竞争力的重要手段,国际理论界也纷纷开展对产业集群的研究和交流。21世纪是生命科学的时代,生物技术已经成为现代科技研究和开发的重点,对改善人类健康与生存环境、提高农牧业和工业产量与质量都发挥着越来越重要的作用。发达国家的成功案例表明,生物产业的相关企业,以地域空间上的临近、企业间的合作与分工为特征的集群发展模式很大程度上促进了当地生物产业的迅速发展。进入21世纪以来,上海生物产业集群有了长足的发展,也具备了一定的国际竞争力。本文主要探求以下问题:
产业集群的创新机制是怎样的?
目前上海生物产业集群与自主创新的发展态势如何?
上海生物产业集群是否促进了产业的自主创新?效应如何评价?
上海生物产业集群自主创新的作用路径是怎样的?
如何提出针对性的策略建议?
论文共分为八部分。
第一章是绪论,介绍本文的研究背景、目的、方法、研究框架和主要创新点,以及相关文献的综述。第二章是全文研究的理论基础,阐释了产业集群理论的演进,自主创新理论的提出与发展,产业集群创新的研究视角,特别分析了产业集群创新的机制。第三章是全文研究的定量方法介绍,首先介绍了产业地理集中、产业集聚、产业集群识别指标和方法,然后阐述了评价技术创新和集群自主创新的常用指标及其优缺点,最后还对本文实证部分需要采用到的统计方法进行了介绍。第四章是上海生物产业集群发展和自主创新的现状分析,首先介绍了上海生物产业发展的现状,而后剖析了生物产业集群发展的态势,最后分析了上海生物产业自主创新的发展情况。
第五、六、七章是论文的重点,也是论文的创新研究所在。第五章分析了集群对上海生物产业自主创新的效应。首先定性分析了集群对上海生物产业自主创新的影响,特别指出集群为生物产业开展知识密集型服务活动提供了平台,刺激了上海生物产业外包服务活动,从而推动了上海生物产业的自主创新水平。而后依据统计数据运用统计软件定量分析了上海生物产业集群和集群创新水平在全国的地位,并运用反映自主创新能力的17个指标对上海生物产业自主创新水平进行评价。最后定量分析集群对上海浦东生物产业自主创新的影响,得出上海浦东生物产业集群发展对于行业自主创新的作用是确定的、具有统计意义的。第六章是实证部分。首先介绍了上海浦东张江生物产业的发展概况,而后基于第二章中推动集群创新的微观机制—协同学习理论,提出了集群自主创新内在机制的六大假设,通过对浦东生物产业集群创新问题的调查和访谈,从微观层面上,检验产业集群自主创新的作用路径。第七章在前文研究所得出结论的前提下,结合上海生物产业集群发展和自主创新中存在的问题,提出进一步强化集群自主创新效应、促进上海生物产业集群自主创新的对策建议。
第八章是文章的结论和展望,对全文的分析加以总结,并提出存在的不足和今后的研究方向。
论文主要有以下创新点:(1)定性分析集群对上海生物产业集群自主创新的影响。(2)依据统计年鉴的数据,运用统计软件,定量分析上海生物产业集群和集群创新水平在全国的地位,并运用反映自主创新能力的17个指标对上海生物产业自主创新水平进行评价。同时又定量分析集群对上海浦东生物产业集群自主创新的影响,得出上海浦东生物产业集群发展对于生物产业自主创新的作用是确定的、具有统计意义的。(3)以上海张江生物产业集群为调查对象,对本文提出的产业集群自主创新的核心-协同学习的几个路径进行相关检验。(4)对推动上海生物产业集群自主创新提出对策建议。
Under the background of continuous deepening of economic globalization in recent years, economic regionalization has also been intensified with industrial innovation as its main feature. Countries all over the world are now taking the development of industry cluster as the important measure of strengthening its economic and technological competitiveness. Industrial cluster has also drawn attention of the international theoretical circles to carry out researches and exchanges. The 21st century is the era of life science, biotech has become the key point of modern S & T research and development, and is playing an increasingly important role in the improvement of human health, living environment, and the increase of agricultural and industrial production and quality. Successful cases of the developed countries manifests that, for enterprises of the biotech industry, industry cluster development model, which is featured by the closeness in geographical space and the cooperation and division of labor between companies, has facilitated the rapid development of local biotech industry to a large extent. Since the beginning of the 21st century, bio-industry cluster in Shanghai has grown by leaps and bounds, with a certain degree of international competitiveness. This paper mainly deals with the following questions:
What is the innovation mechanism of industry cluster?
What is the current situation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster and independent innovation?
Has the biotech industry cluster in Shanghai facilitated industry's independent innovation? How to evaluate its effect?
How does the industrial innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster play in role?
What could be the strategic suggestions?
This paper is divided into eight chapters.
Chapter 1 is the introduction of the research background, purpose, method, framework, major creative points and the comprehensive description of relative literatures. The 2nd chapter is the theoretical foundation of this paper. It explains the evolution of Industry Cluster theory, the development of independent innovation theory and the research perspective of industry cluster innovation. Chapter 2 also makes special analysis on the mechanism of industry cluster innovation. Chapter 3 introduces the quantitative method adopted in this paper. It first describes indicators and methods of identifying industry geographic concentration, industrial clustering and industrial cluster; and then discusses the pros and cons of the common indicators for evaluating technical innovation and cluster independent innovation. Finally Chapter 3 gives an introduction to the statistical method adopted in the following empirical part. Chapter 4 is an analysis of the current status of biotech industry cluster and independent innovation in Shanghai. It first discusses the current situation of the development of Shanghai biotech industry, and then analyzes the trend of biotech industry cluster; finally it describes the development of industrial innovation of biotech industry in Shanghai.
Chapter 5, 6, 7 is the key parts and where the creative points lie. Chapter 5 analyzes the effect industry cluster has on the industry innovation of Shanghai biotech industry. Firstly it analyzes the impact of clusters on independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry. It points out in particular that the bio-industry cluster has provided a platform to carry out knowledge-intensive service activities, which stimulates outsourcing services, and thus promoted the innovation level of biotech industry in shanghai. Then it makes quantitative analysis on the position Shanghai biotech industry cluster and innovation level takes in the country based on statistical data. It also makes evaluation by using the 17 indicators that reflect industry innovation capacity. Finally, it comes to the conclusion that the development of Shanghai Pudong biotech cluster has played a positive role in industry innovation and has statistical meanings. Chapter 6 is the empirical part. Firstly it introduces the developing overview of biotech industry in Pudong Zhangjiang, and then proposes 6 assumptions on the internal mechanism of cluster independent innovation based on the micro- mechanism of promoting cluster innovation-- Collaborative Learning Theory in the second chapter. It tests the working path of industry cluster independent innovation at the micro-level through surveys and interviews on the innovation of Pudong biotech industry cluster. Under the premise of the conclusions in previous chapters and in combination of the problems existed in industry innovation, chapter 7 proposes strategic suggestions on further strengthening the effect of cluster independent innovation to facilitate independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster.
Chapter 8 is conclusions and outlook. It summarizes all the analysis and puts forward deficiencies and direction on future research.
The creative points of this paper are: (1) Qualitative analysis on the impact of industry cluster on industry innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster. (2) Quantitative analysis on the position Shanghai biotech industry cluster and innovation level takes in the country based on statistical data of the yearbook. Quantitative analysis on the impact industry cluster has on industry innovation and comes to the conclusion that the development of Shanghai Pudong biotech cluster has played a positive role in industrial innovation and has statistical meanings. (3) Carry out surveys on Shanghai Zhanjiang biotech industry cluster to test the working paths of the core of industry cluster independent innovation--Collaborative Learning. (4) Proposes strategic suggestions on promoting independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster.
产业集群的创新机制是怎样的?
目前上海生物产业集群与自主创新的发展态势如何?
上海生物产业集群是否促进了产业的自主创新?效应如何评价?
上海生物产业集群自主创新的作用路径是怎样的?
如何提出针对性的策略建议?
论文共分为八部分。
第一章是绪论,介绍本文的研究背景、目的、方法、研究框架和主要创新点,以及相关文献的综述。第二章是全文研究的理论基础,阐释了产业集群理论的演进,自主创新理论的提出与发展,产业集群创新的研究视角,特别分析了产业集群创新的机制。第三章是全文研究的定量方法介绍,首先介绍了产业地理集中、产业集聚、产业集群识别指标和方法,然后阐述了评价技术创新和集群自主创新的常用指标及其优缺点,最后还对本文实证部分需要采用到的统计方法进行了介绍。第四章是上海生物产业集群发展和自主创新的现状分析,首先介绍了上海生物产业发展的现状,而后剖析了生物产业集群发展的态势,最后分析了上海生物产业自主创新的发展情况。
第五、六、七章是论文的重点,也是论文的创新研究所在。第五章分析了集群对上海生物产业自主创新的效应。首先定性分析了集群对上海生物产业自主创新的影响,特别指出集群为生物产业开展知识密集型服务活动提供了平台,刺激了上海生物产业外包服务活动,从而推动了上海生物产业的自主创新水平。而后依据统计数据运用统计软件定量分析了上海生物产业集群和集群创新水平在全国的地位,并运用反映自主创新能力的17个指标对上海生物产业自主创新水平进行评价。最后定量分析集群对上海浦东生物产业自主创新的影响,得出上海浦东生物产业集群发展对于行业自主创新的作用是确定的、具有统计意义的。第六章是实证部分。首先介绍了上海浦东张江生物产业的发展概况,而后基于第二章中推动集群创新的微观机制—协同学习理论,提出了集群自主创新内在机制的六大假设,通过对浦东生物产业集群创新问题的调查和访谈,从微观层面上,检验产业集群自主创新的作用路径。第七章在前文研究所得出结论的前提下,结合上海生物产业集群发展和自主创新中存在的问题,提出进一步强化集群自主创新效应、促进上海生物产业集群自主创新的对策建议。
第八章是文章的结论和展望,对全文的分析加以总结,并提出存在的不足和今后的研究方向。
论文主要有以下创新点:(1)定性分析集群对上海生物产业集群自主创新的影响。(2)依据统计年鉴的数据,运用统计软件,定量分析上海生物产业集群和集群创新水平在全国的地位,并运用反映自主创新能力的17个指标对上海生物产业自主创新水平进行评价。同时又定量分析集群对上海浦东生物产业集群自主创新的影响,得出上海浦东生物产业集群发展对于生物产业自主创新的作用是确定的、具有统计意义的。(3)以上海张江生物产业集群为调查对象,对本文提出的产业集群自主创新的核心-协同学习的几个路径进行相关检验。(4)对推动上海生物产业集群自主创新提出对策建议。
Under the background of continuous deepening of economic globalization in recent years, economic regionalization has also been intensified with industrial innovation as its main feature. Countries all over the world are now taking the development of industry cluster as the important measure of strengthening its economic and technological competitiveness. Industrial cluster has also drawn attention of the international theoretical circles to carry out researches and exchanges. The 21st century is the era of life science, biotech has become the key point of modern S & T research and development, and is playing an increasingly important role in the improvement of human health, living environment, and the increase of agricultural and industrial production and quality. Successful cases of the developed countries manifests that, for enterprises of the biotech industry, industry cluster development model, which is featured by the closeness in geographical space and the cooperation and division of labor between companies, has facilitated the rapid development of local biotech industry to a large extent. Since the beginning of the 21st century, bio-industry cluster in Shanghai has grown by leaps and bounds, with a certain degree of international competitiveness. This paper mainly deals with the following questions:
What is the innovation mechanism of industry cluster?
What is the current situation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster and independent innovation?
Has the biotech industry cluster in Shanghai facilitated industry's independent innovation? How to evaluate its effect?
How does the industrial innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster play in role?
What could be the strategic suggestions?
This paper is divided into eight chapters.
Chapter 1 is the introduction of the research background, purpose, method, framework, major creative points and the comprehensive description of relative literatures. The 2nd chapter is the theoretical foundation of this paper. It explains the evolution of Industry Cluster theory, the development of independent innovation theory and the research perspective of industry cluster innovation. Chapter 2 also makes special analysis on the mechanism of industry cluster innovation. Chapter 3 introduces the quantitative method adopted in this paper. It first describes indicators and methods of identifying industry geographic concentration, industrial clustering and industrial cluster; and then discusses the pros and cons of the common indicators for evaluating technical innovation and cluster independent innovation. Finally Chapter 3 gives an introduction to the statistical method adopted in the following empirical part. Chapter 4 is an analysis of the current status of biotech industry cluster and independent innovation in Shanghai. It first discusses the current situation of the development of Shanghai biotech industry, and then analyzes the trend of biotech industry cluster; finally it describes the development of industrial innovation of biotech industry in Shanghai.
Chapter 5, 6, 7 is the key parts and where the creative points lie. Chapter 5 analyzes the effect industry cluster has on the industry innovation of Shanghai biotech industry. Firstly it analyzes the impact of clusters on independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry. It points out in particular that the bio-industry cluster has provided a platform to carry out knowledge-intensive service activities, which stimulates outsourcing services, and thus promoted the innovation level of biotech industry in shanghai. Then it makes quantitative analysis on the position Shanghai biotech industry cluster and innovation level takes in the country based on statistical data. It also makes evaluation by using the 17 indicators that reflect industry innovation capacity. Finally, it comes to the conclusion that the development of Shanghai Pudong biotech cluster has played a positive role in industry innovation and has statistical meanings. Chapter 6 is the empirical part. Firstly it introduces the developing overview of biotech industry in Pudong Zhangjiang, and then proposes 6 assumptions on the internal mechanism of cluster independent innovation based on the micro- mechanism of promoting cluster innovation-- Collaborative Learning Theory in the second chapter. It tests the working path of industry cluster independent innovation at the micro-level through surveys and interviews on the innovation of Pudong biotech industry cluster. Under the premise of the conclusions in previous chapters and in combination of the problems existed in industry innovation, chapter 7 proposes strategic suggestions on further strengthening the effect of cluster independent innovation to facilitate independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster.
Chapter 8 is conclusions and outlook. It summarizes all the analysis and puts forward deficiencies and direction on future research.
The creative points of this paper are: (1) Qualitative analysis on the impact of industry cluster on industry innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster. (2) Quantitative analysis on the position Shanghai biotech industry cluster and innovation level takes in the country based on statistical data of the yearbook. Quantitative analysis on the impact industry cluster has on industry innovation and comes to the conclusion that the development of Shanghai Pudong biotech cluster has played a positive role in industrial innovation and has statistical meanings. (3) Carry out surveys on Shanghai Zhanjiang biotech industry cluster to test the working paths of the core of industry cluster independent innovation--Collaborative Learning. (4) Proposes strategic suggestions on promoting independent innovation of Shanghai biotech industry cluster.
引文
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