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基于J2EE的水稻水肥耦合模型专家系统研究
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摘要
我国水稻栽培为传统型耕作方式,研究成果推广难度大,水分和肥料是影响水稻产量的两个重要环境因子,利用信息化技术开发农业专家系统对于指导农民在水稻生产过程中节水节肥、高产高效,促使我国农业由传统粗放型向现代集约型信息农业的转变,提高农业生产效益具有重要现实意义。
     本研究基于多层企业级应用标准J2EE技术,以B/S分布式结构为基础,表现层使用基于MVC模式的Struts框架,业务层运用JavaBean,数据持久层结合DAO模式,使用JDBC操作MySQL数据库,整个专家系统以Eclipse为开发平台。设计思想中充分考虑java模式,引入了工厂模式、单例模式、策略模式等,从而实现了代码的可扩展性、灵活性和可复用性,同时减少代码的耦合度,构建了应用于网络环境下的基于水稻水肥耦合模型的决策专家系统,具备用户管理、条件选择、知识库管理,水肥耦合决策数据管理及数据导入导出管理等功能。
     研究基于水稻领域专家知识与实际经验的水稻水肥耦合模型构建栽培决策专家系统,根据多年试验数据建立水稻基础农情数据库,依据水稻领域专家知识与经验建立知识库,基于水肥因子和产量效应模型及多个施肥、灌水、生物量、环境效应等子模型建立模型库,通过判断推理,得出栽培决策,科学指导农民施肥和灌水,提高其产量和质量。
In China the tillage practices in rice cultivation are still traditional, which has been impeding the extension of agricultural research achievements. Water and fertilizers are among the most important environmental factors that influence rice production. Through the agricultural expert system developed with information technology, the rice producers can farm their fields more reasonably, water-saving and fertilizer-saving, with high production and high efficiency. It also has an important realistic meaning in pushing forward the agriculture development from an extensive conventional pattern to a modern intensive informational pattern, and ultimately optimizing the agricultural production efficiency.
     The system developed in this research was based on J2EE technique, a multi-layer enterprise application standard platform. Within the system B/S distributed architecture consisted of the foundation; Struts framework based MVC pattern was employed on presentation layer and JavaBean on business layer. MySQL data base was operated under JDBC and the system was developed on Eclipse platform. The design idea in this research involved not only java pattern, but also factory pattern, singleton pattern, and strategy pattern, which made the scalability, flexibility and reusablity of data realizable and reduced the coupling degree of data. The decision-making expert system of water-fertilizer coupling model for rice was established and operated in network environment. The specific funtions of the system include user management, condition selection, knowledge base management, water-fertilizer coupling decision-making data management, data import and export management and so on.
     In this decision-making expert system of water-fertilizer coupling model for rice, the basic agricultural information base of rice was constructed according to many years' research data, the knowledge base was set up on the basis of specialist knowledge and experiences in rice cultivation, and model base was established on multiple submodels, such as water-fertilize and quantitative effect model, fertilization mode, irrigation model, biomass model and evironmental effect model. With this system, the decision-making for rice cultivation can be reasonably deduced to scientifically guide farmers' fertilizing and irrigating activites and at last improve the quality and production of rice.
引文
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